It is possible to lay the electric cable in two options, air and underground. For someone, the second option is more acceptable, but for someone it is not feasible because of the distance and a number of conditions. And therefore, most often the owners of country houses prefer to choose the air way of laying electrical wires from the power transmission towers to their housing.
First stage
It is difficult to imagine a cottage or a country house without electricity. The organization of energy supply to a residential building is a very responsible matter, because the reliability of the power supply at home and, most importantly, its safety depends on the result. Work on connecting private houses to power lines (power lines) should be performed only by the specialist of the institution in whose ownership it is located. When choosing the air path for laying the cable, you need a pipe stand. To enter electricity to the site without this thing can not do. It is a hollow metal pipe, which is designed for fastening and hanging cables and wires.
Without departing from the rules
The rules allow you to mount other equipment on such specialized racks, which include transmitting and receiving antennas. By the way, pipe support for electricity input may be needed with the underground method of connection. After all, if the distance from the ground to the commissioning is less than 2.75 meters, then its application will also be required. This is necessary in order to avoid accidental contact with the wires, but only its length will provide a distance from the ground to the entry point.
Usage Details
A pipe rack for electricity input is a piece of pipe bent from above that is mounted on the roof or on the top of the wall of the house. From there, this item can go inside. In order to mount the pipe rack on the roof, use steel braces. It is attached to the wall with brackets and screws. Through the end of the pipe, wires are introduced and removed both to and from the building. In the literal sense, the pipe-stand for the input of electricity is the entry point of the electric cable into the building, from where it will be brought further to the power receiving devices.
The specific and main task of this thing, sometimes referred to as the “gander” among electricians, is to protect an object, that is, in this case, a residential building, from any potential risks of fire, plus it is also a guarantee of reliable protection and the integrity of the power cable passing inside.
Landing
If the distance between the power line and the house is more than 20 m, then it is necessary to put an additional pipe stand for the input of electricity, approximately somewhere in the middle of this gap. This will prevent cable breakage from its own gravity or from environmental influences, such as strong winds and other precipitation. A special cable is stretched between the points, which prevents the wire from sagging. The conductor is attached to it using clamps. If cable pulling over the carriageway is required, then its height above the ground should be from 6 meters and above. Above the roads for pedestrians, it is allowed from 3.5 meters and above, but in no case is lower than this value. Passing through trees and bushes is prohibited.
The nuances of air laying
A special metal pipe-riser is used at the same time as a channel for the cable, and as a support, which serves for fixing insulators. Because it is much more convenient and easier to mount them to it than to the wall of a building. Self-tapping screws, bolt clamps and any other fasteners for metal are suitable for attachment and reliable fixation. The pipe rack for the input of electricity must be connected to the ground wire. From the roof surface, the cable is placed not lower than a two-meter gap. Actually, with regard to the wires, any types that meet the requirements for external wiring in terms of their characteristics are applicable .
Without departing from the standards
If possible, can some types of work be done on my own? A concrete example: will there be any problems with the power supply networks if a pipe-stand is installed on its own to introduce electricity? Do it yourself is allowed to do it, provided that the result is fully consistent with the technical conditions. This element is made of steel pipe. If two wires are required, then its inner diameter should be 20 mm, and for four wires - 32 mm. In order to avoid moisture getting into the pipe, its end should be bent down, literally turned in the form of a hook 180 degrees in the opposite direction, this is how the pipe-stand for inputting electricity should look like (photo). The inside of the surface to protect against corrosion must be treated with bitumen, but you can simply oil paint. The edge of the pipe in place of the saw must be filed to remove burrs that could damage the cable insulation.
Wiring selection
Previously, even before 1991, wires that did not have insulation (AC grade) were used to carry out the input of electricity to the site. But nowadays there is a sample designed specifically for aerial cable laying. This instance has insulation that is not afraid of even large temperature differences. He has another big plus: such a cable does not stretch during installation and does not need the presence of a support cable. The choice when buying will not make you rack your brains, because such a wire is presented only in 2 types: four-core and two-core. In addition, one can not fail to note one more important advantage: for this type of cable, there are many additional accessories on sale that are designed to connect it to the mounts. These are very convenient gizmos that do not require any special installation effort. It is worth paying attention to this.
Mounting Features
There are 3 ways to install a pipe stand for electricity input:
- Installation on the roof of the building.
- On the wall.
- In the form of a separate design.
In the first case, the product is mounted directly on the roof, while the pipe goes through the roof structure through and through, and is isolated from the back with a porcelain sleeve. The switchboard with this option is organized inside the building. The complexity of such an assembly relates to the need to make a through hole in the roof and its subsequent sealing.
In the second case, the pipe stand is installed directly on the wall of the building. Passing through the partition, inside it enters the shield. There they organize the primary distribution of power lines at the facility. This installation option is considered simpler and safer, due to the fact that the power cable is laid through the fireproof part of the wall.
And the remaining option is considered the most common. The structure consists of 2 poles, one of which is designed for an energy-receiving unit of an electrical panel, and the second is a pipe stand for introducing electricity to the site. The structure is mounted on the border of the territory and provide the usual connection of electricity to the facility. With this method, the input point of electricity is completely separated from the house. This explains its relevance.
Technical points
In each of the above options, the pipe stand is a separate engineering structure with its own specific features and compliance with the requirements for facilities. In view of the above, the main thing can be distinguished: pipe support for the meter requires special attention to specific structural elements:
- Insulation of the connected cable.
- Selection of insulators: porcelain insulators and other systems (taking into account the features of the object).
- Pipe shape. Bending at the right angle depends on the installation method, for example, it enters the wall at an angle of 90 degrees with the output to power receiving equipment.
Additional nuances
The installation of a pipe rack for the introduction of electricity also requires attention to additional technical specifics. When mounting the input through the wall, the occurrence of a temperature difference must be taken into account, since it will lead to condensation of the liquid from the colder air outside. In this case, the conductor must be protected from moisture. To do this, drill a hole in the lower surface of the pipe in the place where it bends. For reliability and quality, the choice of materials and the installation itself is best left to professionals. The correct input of electricity into the house is a guarantee of uninterrupted supply from the energy carrier and distribution, affecting the operation of all equipment and household appliances.
Reliability first
If you have to buy pipe-resistant, first of all, you need to study all the design nuances of the product. Do not neglect this, as the right choice will affect the safety and durability of the selected instance. Information on its implementation and installation features can only be provided by a professional. Because, it is the experienced master who will take into account such indicators as the risk of glaciation, wind load, and other factors that accompany the construction staying on the street. And it should be noted that the cost of installing a pipe-stand by a specialist is not so high, but the possible risks of self-installation with a violation of technology have the ability to cause much greater damage.
Preliminary steps
The beginning of the introduction of electricity to the site is, first of all, the documented approval of the project and obtaining permission after considering all the technical conditions in the energy supplying organization. After the "good" to the work plan from the aforementioned authority is received, you can invite a specialist who will install the wiring according to a certified document. Entering electricity into a private building involves the installation of all components of the internal network. Meters and switchgears are mounted. As a matter of fact, summing up the input into the house of electricity is carried out by contractors.
Design pipe rack
Consider the situation when the owner of the site has already received the technical conditions and now it is necessary to connect the house to the network, but the height of the pipe stand for the input of electricity does not allow it to fit into the landscape without spoiling the appearance of the site. In this case, you can hire specialists who will produce an individual pipe rack for you, which will preserve the harmony of your site, and will not break out of its style. At the same time, it will fully comply with all technical conditions. As an option: having executed the pipe work externally “under the birch” or as an abstract figure, the master designer will mask the interference of civilization and will not spoil the aesthetics of your holiday.
Do-it-yourself installation
During the installation of the power line into the house, on the pipe rack, it is necessary to carry out the grounding (that is, connect the pipe to the zero core). To do this, a metal bolt is welded to the so-called gander, placing it close to the input insulators. The installed pipe rack will constantly be under load from the tension of the branch wires. To compensate for this, braces are used from round steel having a diameter of 5 mm. Such support is fastened in rings or on bolts specially welded to the stand closer to its upper bend for this purpose.
When installed in a pipe rack, they pass a steel wire or a cable with a diameter of 3-4 mm for drawing wires through them into the pipe rack. For easier wire pulling, they are pre-wiped with a soft cloth, and the pipe tube itself is blown inside with dry talcum powder. After the cables are pulled, the ends of the pipe are poured with bitumen or closed by packing moisture-resistant putty into the edges of Portland cement.
A couple of tips in conclusion
The pipe tube is attached to the wall using brackets and screws. To do this, in concrete, as well as in brick walls, nests for screws are specially arranged, as for hooks for insulators. Bolted connections must be carried out with the use of locking accessories, such as locknuts, spring washers, wire. This precaution will definitely not be superfluous, since the pipe rack installed on the roof or even on the wall will be subject to frequent swaying from the effects of winds, as a result of which self-loosening of the nuts is not excluded. And yet, in addition to this, all bolted joints at the end of installation of the input must be generously lubricated to protect them from corrosion with technical petroleum jelly or some other lubricant.