Autonomous sewage at home is one of the main elements of suburban construction, if it is not possible to connect to a common central drainage system. The most common design can be called a cesspool. Its walls are most often laid out with stone or brick, and the bottom is cemented. A hatch is left in the pit, through which it should be cleaned.
Autonomous
septic tank septic tank is a rather complex design and differs from a cesspool by a large number of features. First of all, for its cleaning, it is necessary to organize a drainage system. For its construction, it is necessary to dig a well at a sufficiently large distance from the house (about 20 meters). It should be noted that drainage must be organized below the level of water intake.
The device of a septic tank in a private house is made in autumn and summer, when the height of the groundwater is of maximum importance. This is done so that the drainage system is properly positioned. During the preparation of the pit, it is necessary to take into account the height of the base, the covering layer, as well as the dimensions of the sump. In order to attach the sewage treatment plant to the walls of the pit, cables or metal strips are used.
The device of a septic tank in a private house provides for the organization of a pit, the depth of which should not be less than 6 meters. The volume of the pit depends on the number of modules that will be installed. In addition, the bottom of the pit should be strewn with a thick layer of sand and rammed. Before this, a drainage pipe is installed at the very bottom. A
reinforced concrete slab is laid on top of the septic tank
, which is covered with cement and sand and rammed.
The device of a septic tank in a private house also provides for the installation of a cover, which should be above the level of the earth's surface. In this case, melt water will not be able to get into it. In winter, it is better to cover the septic tank lid with thermal insulation.
Vent pipes are used to remove fumes and gases from the sump . Care should be taken to ensure that the sewage system is not clogged. To do this, the pipes must have a certain bias towards the discharge of sewage, and they should not have sharp bends or turns.
A septic tank is installed in a private house so that the structure can be cleaned of a small amount of sewage. In addition, the sediment that forms after the decay of all substances trapped in the sump can be used for agricultural purposes. That is, the complete purification of the contents of the septic tank occurs in the soil.
A design may have several cameras. Moreover, their large number will ensure uniform distribution of sediment. Septic tanks can be constructed from different materials. The most common of these is a concrete ring.
The contents of the septic tank completely rot in 2 months. In order to have a high degree of wastewater treatment, it is necessary to allow the contents to stand for 10 days. Conclusion: the device of a septic tank has a large number of advantages, so its construction is mandatory in the absence of a centralized sewage system.