The life and work of Griboedov (briefly)

A.S. Griboedov is a famous Russian playwright, a brilliant publicist, a successful diplomat, one of the smartest people of his time. He entered the history of world literature as the author of one work - the comedy "Woe from Wit." However, the work of Alexander Sergeyevich is not limited to writing the famous play. Everything that this person undertook has the imprint of a unique talent. His fate was adorned with extraordinary events. Griboedov’s life and work will be briefly outlined in this article.

Childhood

Griboedov Alexander Sergeevich was born in 1795, on January 4, in the city of Moscow. He was brought up in a wealthy and noble family. His father, Sergei Ivanovich, was a retired second major at the time of the birth of the boy. Mama Alexandra - Anastasia Fedorovna - in girlhood bore the same surname as Griboedova married. The future writer grew up as an unusually developed child. At six years old, he already knew three foreign languages. In his youth, he began to speak easily in Italian, German, French and English. Dead languages (ancient Greek and Latin) were also an open book for him. In 1803, the boy was sent to a noble boarding house at Moscow University, where he spent three years.

Youth

In 1806, Alexander Sergeevich entered Moscow University. Two years later he became a candidate of verbal sciences. However, Griboedov, whose life and work are described in this article, did not leave school. He first entered the moral and political department, and then - to the physical and mathematical. The brilliant abilities of the young man were obvious to everyone. He could have made an excellent career in science or in the diplomatic field, but war suddenly burst into his life.

Military service

In 1812, Alexander Sergeevich volunteered for the Moscow Hussar Regiment, commanded by Saltykov Pyotr Ivanovich. Young Cornets from the most famous noble families became co-workers of the young man. Until 1815, the writer was in military service. His first literary experiments date back to 1814. Griboedov’s work began with the essay “On Cavalry Reserves”, the comedy “Young Spouses” and “Letters from Brest-Litovsk to the publisher”.

Social life in the capital

Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov resigned in 1816. The life and work of the writer began to develop in a completely different scenario. He met with A.S. Pushkin and V.K. Kuchelbecker, became the founder of the Masonic lodge "Du Bien" and got a diplomatic service as a provincial secretary. In the period from 1815 to 1817, Alexander Sergeyevich, in collaboration with friends, created several comedies: "Student", "Mock Infidelity", "Own Family or Married Bride". Griboedov’s work is not limited to dramatic experiments. He writes critical articles ("On the analysis of the free translation of the Burger ballad" Lenora ") and composes poems (" The popular theater ").

On South

In 1818, Alexander Sergeyevich refused the job of an official of the diplomatic mission in the United States and was appointed secretary to the royal attorney in Persia. Before the trip to Tehran, the playwright finished work on the play "Sideshow Samples". Griboedov, whose work was only gaining fame, began to keep travel diaries on the way to Tiflis. These notes revealed yet another facet of the writer’s sparkling talent. He was the original author of ironic travel notes. In 1819, the work of Griboedov was enriched by the poem "Forgive me, Fatherland." Around the same time, he was finishing work on the “Letter to the Publisher from Tiflis of January 21”. Diplomatic activity in Persia was very burdensome for Alexander Sergeyevich, and in 1821, for health reasons, he moved to Georgia. Here he became close to Küchelbecker and made the first draft of the comedy "Woe from Wit." In 1822, Griboedov began work on the drama "1812".

Metropolitan life

In 1823, Alexander Sergeyevich managed to temporarily leave the diplomatic service. He devoted his life to the creation of literary works: he continued to work on “Woe from Wit”, composed the poem “David”, the dramatic scene “Youth of the Prophet” and the funny vaudeville “Who is the brother, who is the sister or Deception for deceit”. Griboedov’s work, briefly described in this article, was not limited to literary activity. In 1823, the first edition of his popular waltz "e-moll" was released. In addition, Alexander Sergeyevich published discussion notes in Desiderata magazine. Here he polemicizes with contemporaries on issues of Russian literature, history and geography.

"Woe from Wit"

In 1824, a great event took place in the history of Russian drama. Finished work on the comedy "Woe from Wit" A.S. Griboedov. The creativity of this talented person forever remained in the memory of posterity precisely thanks to this work. The bright and aphoristic style of the play contributed to the fact that it completely "went into quotes."

The comedy combines elements of classicism and innovative for that time realism and romanticism. The merciless satire of the metropolitan aristocratic society of the first half of the 19th century impressed with its wit. However, the comedy Woe from Wit was unconditionally accepted by the Russian public. From now on, everyone recognized and appreciated the literary work of Griboedov. A briefly described play cannot give a complete picture of the genius of this immortal work.

Back to the Caucasus

In 1825, Alexander Sergeyevich had to abandon his intention to travel to Europe. The writer needed to return to service, and at the end of May he went to the Caucasus. There he learned Persian, Georgian, Turkish and Arabic. On the eve of his trip to the south, Griboedov completed the translation of the prologue in the theater from the tragedy Faust. He also managed to make notes on the work of D.I. Tsikulin "Extraordinary adventures and travels ...". On the way to the Caucasus, Alexander Sergeyevich visited Kiev, where he talked with prominent figures of the revolutionary underground: A.Z. Muravyov, S.P. Trubetskoy, M.P. Bestuzhev-Rumin. After that, Griboedov spent some time in the Crimea. Creativity, briefly presented in this article, has received new development these days. The writer conceived the creation of an epic tragedy about Baptism in Russia and constantly kept a travel diary, which was published only thirty years after the death of the author.

Sudden arrest

After returning to the Caucasus, Alexander Sergeevich wrote "Predators on Chegem" - a poem created under the impression of A.A. Velyaminova. However, another fateful event in the life of the writer soon happened. In 1926, in January, he was arrested on suspicion of belonging to the secret society of the Decembrists. At stake were the freedom, life and work of Griboedov. A brief biography of the writer gives an understanding of the incredible stress he has been all these days. The investigation failed to find evidence of Alexander Sergeyevich's involvement in the revolutionary movement. Six months later, he was released from custody. Despite complete rehabilitation, the writer was secretly monitored for some time.

last years of life

In 1826, in September, A.S. Griboedov returned to Tiflis. He again engaged in diplomatic activities. Thanks to his efforts, Russia concluded a profitable Turkmanchay peace treaty. Alexander Sergeyevich himself delivered the text of the document to St. Petersburg, received the post of Minister-Resident (Ambassador) in Iran and left for his destination. On the way, he made a stop in Tiflis. There he met with the grown up daughter of his friend - Nina Chavchavadze. Struck by the beauty of the young girl, the writer immediately proposed to her. He married Nina a few months later - on August 22, 1828. Alexander Sergeyevich took his young wife with him to Persia. This gave the happy spouses a few more weeks of marriage.

Tragic death

In Persia, Alexander Sergeyevich had to work hard. He constantly visited Tehran, where he conducted diplomatic negotiations in a very strict manner. The Russian emperor demanded inexorable firmness from his ambassador. For this, the Persians called the diplomat "cruel." This policy has borne fruit. In 1929, on January 30, the Russian mission was destroyed by a mob of rebellious fanatics. Killed thirty-seven people in the embassy. Among them was A.S. Griboedov. His torn body could subsequently be identified only by a left arm injured in youth. So died one of the most gifted people of his time.

Griboedov did not manage to complete many literary projects. Creativity, briefly described in this article, is replete with unfinished works, talented sketches. One can understand what a gifted writer Russia lost at that moment.

The table of life and work of Griboedov is presented below.

Even an abbreviated essay on the life and work of Griboedov gives an idea of ​​what an outstanding personality Alexander Sergeevich was. His fate was short, but surprisingly fruitful. Until the end of his days, he was devoted to his homeland and died defending its interests. It is these people that our country should be proud of.