The self-priming pump is the most used device, which is used not only in everyday life, but in industrial facilities. The concept of "self-priming" does not serve as a characteristic of this device, but is one of the indicators of classification.
What is the difference between a self-priming pump and the rest
All of them are divided into two types: self-priming and normally suction. It happens that during the operation of the pump, air enters the main part. Therefore, the equipment will not carry out the function of pumping water, but will work in vain.
So that it does not fail, it is necessary to monitor the constant presence of liquid in the working elements of the device, and also to immediately remove the formed air.
The self-priming pump has a special opening in its design, which serves to fill the water. To keep it in the working area of the device, special valves are provided. You can find models that are equipped with valves. Their advantage is the independent filling of water into the system. An important element is the pump housing. It is created in such a way that the liquid necessary for filling is always in the main part, even if it is disconnected from the supply pipe. These models should be stored in a warm place, as freezing of water in the case may cause it to break. You also need to ensure that large elements do not penetrate inside. For these purposes, coarse filters are installed. Water reloading must be done quickly so that it does not have time to disappear.
This feature applies only to pumps operating on the surface. As a rule, the larger the absorption line, the more friction arises in the pipelines. That is why the designs of self-priming models are such that the lift height is 8 meters. The design of such pumps provides a plunger, which serves to remove air from the system during operation. It is located at the top of the case. Too much air can increase the filling time. Therefore, before its use, it is necessary to carefully check the connection of pipelines.
As for the normally suction element, the water is filled only at the first start, and is not required in the future. It is only necessary to ensure that air does not enter the housing. When it hits, the mechanism will not function.
Types of pumps
All devices are divided into dynamic and volumetric pumps. They are no different from each other, except for the design, as well as the methods of connecting pipelines. Self-priming pump for water can be either one or the other type. The most popular are vortex and centrifugal devices used both in everyday life and in industrial fields.
Centrifugal pumps
Such equipment is intended both for surface work and for submersible.
The self-priming
centrifugal pump is widely used not only in plumbing systems, but also in air conditioning and heating. Depending on the application, the shaft can be positioned vertically and horizontally. As a rule, vertical models are used for immersion in the well. Sewer systems use a self-priming dirty water pump. The workflow is pretty simple. The fluid enters the rotary mechanism, which is a wheel with blades, and moves in the direction of rotation of the axis. In this case, kinetic energy appears, which contributes to an increase in pressure. A self-priming water pump can have many working blades. The more of them, the higher the pressure will be. Such high values can adversely affect water transportation.
Disadvantages of centrifugal devices
One of the main disadvantages is the tendency to cavitation. During operation, steam is formed, which subsequently condenses. As a result of this, water hammering occurs, which adversely affects structural elements and pipelines. To avoid cavitation, it is necessary to use a self-priming centrifugal pump in a gentle mode. This is an important condition.
Self-priming vortex pump
Such devices also have an impeller, the blades are located radially.
Thus, it is absorbed into the inner channel to the periphery. In this case, the kinetic energy increases, and
the water pressure also rises. There is a significant difference between a vortex pump and a centrifugal pump. Having the same size and frequency of rotation of the blades, higher pressure is created in vortex models. In addition, they are not afraid of air entering the system. In addition, the cost of this type of device is much lower than that of a centrifugal pump. Vortexes have a low efficiency, therefore, they are used only for clean water. The self-priming pump is used in everyday life to supply fluid from tanks, or to increase the pressure in the pipeline.
Differences of a vortex from a centrifugal device
- Vortex has a more compact size than centrifugal.
- What's the price? The vortex type self - priming pump is less expensive, which is an important factor when choosing. As a rule, its cost is from 8000 to 15000 rubles, depending on the manufacturer.
- If you need a self-priming pump for dirty water, centrifugal devices are best.
- The generated vortex pump head is seven times higher than that of centrifugal models.
- Less noise comes from centrifugal elements, so they are most often used in everyday life.
When choosing, one should not look only at prices, since cheap devices cannot always provide good water supply. Pay attention to technical specifications and purpose. If you choose the right item and follow the recommendations for its use, it will last a long time.
Reviews
Many people who use centrifugal pumps are completely satisfied with such equipment.
It provides excellent water supply from the tanks. In addition, it provides excellent pumping of dirty water from sewer systems. Of the shortcomings, it is worth noting the high noise from water hammer, which appears due to the occurrence of cavitation. Such a pump does not require special maintenance.
It provides high-quality work in compliance with the operating rules.
Those people who use vortex pumps did not regret it. Thanks to the created high pressure, it became possible to pump a large volume of water in a short time. In addition, their sizes are much more compact than the previous model. To avoid problems in operation, it is necessary to pump out air from the system.
Conclusion
Self-priming models are far superior to normal suction pumps.
First of all, they differ in design. The devices of the first type have a special hole through which there is an independent filling of water into the system. Also, check valves provide air evacuation. Water is poured into the system of a normally suction pump only at the first start. However, in case of air ingress, it is necessary to fill the water yourself. Therefore, self-priming pumps are common equipment that is used not only in everyday life, but also in the industrial field.