From ancient times, it so happened that people built houses on several floors. An integral part of them are interfloor stairs.
The staircase in the house currently plays not only a functional role, as it was before. She still performs an important design function, being one of the main decorations of the room.
Modern stairs are distinguished by design features, manufacturing materials, types.
Variety of species
The interfloor staircase can be of several types:
- Modular, which consists of various elements. This type is distinguished by a low consumption of building materials, increased strength, and a long service life. You can choose different shapes and colors, panels and decorative elements.
- Screw suitable for small spaces. The disadvantages of such stairs are the difficulty of manufacturing, as well as the fact that it is impossible to lift large objects along it and only one person can move along it.
- Marching, which may consist of a different number of marches (one, two, three or more). It is recommended to do an intermediate platform every 10 steps. Performed along the wall or as an independent element. It occupies a large area. They can be swivel and straight.
- Combined connecting elements of various types. They have a complex structure, which requires serious calculations for manufacturing. They usually require a vast area.
Design Features
According to its design, the interfloor staircase is divided into the following types:
- Boltsovaya, which is fixed to the wall using metal rods. In addition to them, additional supports are not needed for structural strength. Due to this, the interfloor staircase looks airy and light. Despite this, the design is very durable.
- On kosourah (beams). Kosoures are installed from below in the form of the entire structure. Steps are also attached to them. Beams can be either straight or curved.
- On the bowstrings. Steps join from two sides to beams. The design is fixed on the wall or mounted on special supports. A bowstring is most often made of metal or wood.
- On the casing characteristic of spiral staircases.
- Attic, which, if necessary, can be folded or extended.
- Combined, including elements of various types.
Material selection
Almost all types of building materials are suitable for the manufacture of stairs:
- Concrete.
- Metal.
- Tree.
- Chipboard.
- Marble.
- Glass.
In many cases, the materials are combined, which makes each individual staircase unique.
Do-it-yourself staircase
You can not only buy a staircase, but also make it yourself. To do this, you need to take into account the size and height of the room, the maximum load, how often it will be used, what additional functions it will carry. All this must be considered at the design stage of the building.
In the absence of experience, it is not worth choosing complex and intricate stair designs. Of the materials, it is best to prefer wood. In this case, defects during operation can be hidden or corrected without significant problems. Another plus in favor of wood - low weight.
Construction begins with design and calculations. Particular attention is paid to safety and comfort. According to safety requirements, the stairs must necessarily have handrails. And the distance between the balusters should be such that the head of the child does not pass between them. Recommended railing height 90 cm.
The width of the steps is recommended at least 25-30 cm, so that the foot is fully placed on them. The desired height is 20 cm. To calculate the number of steps, the floor area is divided by their width.
The angle of inclination of the stairs is 30-40 degrees, which ensures convenience and safety of movement.
After manufacturing and installation, the interfloor staircase is covered with decorative and protective means, which makes it more attractive.