You can talk endlessly that having your own water source is good. Nevertheless, much depends on what we will use water for. Currently, summer residents are forced to think about themselves. This applies not only to water, but also to heating. Let’s talk about what the principle of the well’s work on water is, how to equip it. Consider other important details.
General information
We will consider the principle of the well’s operation on water a little later. Now I would like to say that it is necessary to plan the location of the future source in advance. Preferably during the design of the house. But we all perfectly understand that in most cases this is impossible. That is why the well is drilled long after the house was built or bought. If you plan to organize the water supply from the well to the house, then you need to place it as close to the foundation as possible, but not back to back. If the well will be used to water the summer cottage, then it is placed in a convenient place for you. In any case, no difficulties should arise at this stage. Well, now let's go directly to our topic.
The device of pumping stations and the principle of their action
There are several ways to lift water from the well to the surface. They depend on the depth of the source. If it is about 20 meters or more, then a deep pump with an intermediate tank is installed. In addition, there are a pair of sensors: upper and lower water levels. When the pump is turned on, the industrial tank is filled with water, and the check valve prevents it from going back. From there, water enters the mains water supply, which, in fact, is what we need.
If the well depth is less than 20 meters, an automatic pumping station is mounted . Therefore, there is no need to use an intermediate tank and an automation system. In this case, the carrier from the station goes directly to the home water supply. As you can see, the principle of a well working on water is quite simple.
Functional nodes of the well
Let's look at exactly what elements our construction consists of. There are quite a lot of them:
- water intake with check valve and mesh;
- suction line - through it water enters the pump or station casing;
- centrifugal pump - works in such a way that, on the one hand, a vacuum is created for suction of the liquid, and on the other hand, pressure for its rise;
- pressure switch;
- hydroaccumulator - needed to exclude water hammer in the water system;
- electric motor and pressure switch.
You need to understand that all these nodes must work properly. This will make the functioning of the equipment efficient and productive. It is also worth considering that there are single-tube and ejector systems. The former are simpler to install, while the latter allow for relatively small plant powers to lift water from great depths. So we have examined with you what the principle of operation of water wells is. Now let's move on.
We carry out installation work
And here we got to the most interesting. The fact is that not everyone knows how to equip a water well. The problem is compounded by the fact that specialists drilling a hole in the ground do not do such work. At the end of the process, you will see only a siege pipe peeking a meter from the ground.
A lot needs to be done. Protect the pipe from freezing, dig a trench from the well to the house, etc. At the same time, the trench should be slightly inclined towards the well, and the suction line should not be fractured. If you follow these simple requirements, then you will surely succeed. But the well for water, the principle of which we examined, is not yet equipped, so let's go further.
Work inside the house
At this stage, we will carry out installation work of the pumping station in the house. First you need to choose the right place. The priority should be the basement. In any situation, a smooth rise is required, which will protect the equipment from flooding. It’s easy to come up with something, the main thing is that the station does not touch the pipes and the foundation of the house, since in this case the noise from the pump can spread throughout the house.
After you have installed the station, it is necessary to start laying the suction line to the well. If the trench is ready, then fine. First, we prepare the ejector and proceed to its assembly. We start work by installing a strainer and a check valve. I would like to draw your attention to the fact that without these elements the system will not function. Bronze couplings are used for transitions. Pay particular attention to the tightness of the joints, as this is very important. After everything is done, you can cut the casing.
We continue to work
The most difficult we have already done. It remains to ensure that rain and surface water do not fall into the well. There are two ways out: using a head or using a welding machine to weld a small metal box.
A full cap costs from 2,500 to 4,500 rubles, a metal box - no more than 1,000 rubles. Next, immerse the vertical pipe sections into the well. To determine their length, you need to know the water level and add 1-2 meters to this value. It is strongly discouraged to lower the pipe too low to the ground. In this case, it is likely that the grid will clog very quickly and will have to be cleaned. Then the pressure in the hydraulic tank is monitored. Usually we are talking about 1.2-1.5 Atm. If the pressure is insufficient, the air chamber has a conventional automobile nipple. Therefore, you can add air with a simple compressor or car pump. Now you know how to put a well on water. We examined the principle of operation, but now there are some more important details.
How to drill a hole in the water with your own hands
Many summer residents are interested in this issue. I would like to immediately note that the goal is quite real and achievable. Moreover, if you do the work yourself, you can save a significant amount of money. True, on the way you will encounter a lot of difficulties. Firstly, you need to make a homemade drilling rig. There are several types of them: screw, cartridge and working on the hydraulic principle. The latter are automatic and manual.
In any case, the easiest way to use a screw or the so-called cartridge, working shock. That is, it falls to the ground at the drilling point, then rises and falls back. Quite a long time, but cheap and cheerful. In this case, you need to take care of the frame and racks, as well as mount the engine, whose power usually ranges from 1 kW or even less. In any case, this thing is beneficial - independent drilling of wells. The principle of operation of pumps depending on the type of the latter also varies. Vibration pumps are not recommended for many reasons. They are noisy and blurry. Better use centrifugal.
How the well works and why it is poured
It is worth saying that the well is the same well. Only some nuances are different. But the essence does not change at all. We have a depression in the ground that is flooded with water. It is taken, of course, from underwater rivers. In the case of a well, we can talk about groundwater, but it all depends on its depth. Everyone knows that if you do not allow the well to replenish its strength, that is, a normal water level, then it will soon dry up.
The situation with the well is similar, but somewhat different. The fact is that underwater rivers are replenished much faster. That is why the well can be operated for a long time. But even in this case, there is a risk that the water will stop at some point. It is still important to choose the right pump capacity so that it is not too small or, conversely, large. Of course, the more rainfall in your region falls annually, the richer the underwater river will be in the well, this must be understood. But even severe drought does not guarantee that water will stop. Here's how lucky.
Conclusion
So we have figured out what a water well is. The principle of operation, types and arrangement - all this was considered in the article. I would like to note that before drinking water from the well, it is advisable to take it for examination. Typically, the deeper the source, the cleaner the water, but there are exceptions to the rule.
As you can see, there is nothing complicated in the device. The principle of operation of a well for water is already known to you. Often you can find wells with manual lifting of water. Their device does not imply the presence of any stations, automation or sensors. But we live in the modern world, so you should always be aware of the pressure in the system, the water level, the condition of the pump, etc. If you decide to drill the well yourself, then with the proper approach you can save about 50% of the money. But the matter is very painstaking, and in one day or even a week you can’t do it. Although much depends on the soil and the depth of the source.