The solid foundation of the building is a guarantee that it can stand for more than a dozen years. But how to properly fill the foundation under the house so that it can last so long? First of all, you need to know that the base of the building should distribute the load received to it from the structure as evenly as possible across the ground.
For this, the builders have created dozens of varieties of the foundation, each of which ideally meets the requirements of a particular area. Thus, the choice of a specific type should be carried out, focusing not on your preferences, but on a practical need.
The most common and universal is the strip foundation, which we will talk about pouring. To begin with, it is he who makes it easy to organize a basement, which is important not only from the point of view of preserving supplies, but also in terms of thermal insulation of the building. Before properly pouring the foundation under the house, be sure to conduct geodetic surveys in order to identify the quality of the soil, its type and depth of freezing.
First of all, make the correct markup. This stage is extremely important, since in the future those defects that were made here, it is extremely difficult to correct, and often completely impossible. Reckoning for mistakes - a crooked structure. The most important stage, which includes the
calculation of the foundation for the house, is
digging a foundation pit for pouring. It is very important not to be greedy and make it deep enough. So, for a medium-sized cottage, a depth of 0.4 m is enough.
Important! Before you properly fill the foundation under the house, do not forget to make a pillow! In this case, this concept refers to a layer of sand with a thickness of about 15 cm, located at the bottom of the trench. It is better to take coarse-grained, preferably from the river. If this is not the case, you can use high-quality gravel or fine gravel, and the thickness of this layer is exactly half that of sand.
Next, we build the formwork and put the reinforcement. Keep in mind that it is unacceptable to weld its rods: the metal in the seam area weakens and becomes thinner, becoming more susceptible to mechanical stress. Thus, the steel frame is assembled only on a wire, using a special machine for this or by acting manually. In addition, if you use nails or screws to assemble the base, assemble it so that the caps remain from the inside of the structure. Before
making the foundation for the house, once again check the correctness of the manufacture of concrete and make sure its quality.
The filling itself takes place in several stages. Experts advise conducting it in layers of 0.2 m, and each such layer should be exactly the same throughout. Pay attention to the reinforcement: it must completely hide in the concrete, no exceptions are unacceptable here. The fact is that the opened rods will quickly begin to undergo corrosion, which will gradually go deeper into the very foundation of the house, eventually leading to its destruction. After pouring, pierce the concrete in several places with a stick: this will create the conditions for the release of excess air. The topmost layer must be carefully smoothed with a trowel or other devices.
We hope you learned about how to properly fill the foundation under the house!