In order to heat a country house or cottage, a gas boiler is perfect. It is one of the popular heat generators that are used to heat the room. An important advantage of this equipment is that it runs on gas. Currently, this is the most economical fuel used for space heating. In addition, gas has a lower cost than other fuels. In order not to get confused in various heating equipment, it is necessary to study the device of a gas boiler and its components. Only then can the right choice of heat source be made. The device of the gas boiler of each type is approximately the same.
Items of equipment
The main elements will be as follows:
- The gas burner is a rectangular design, inside of which nozzles are located. They serve to supply gas to the combustion chamber, and also provide a uniform flame, due to which uniform heating is achieved.
- A box with radiators acts as a heat exchanger. Inside it there are pipes with a coolant, as a rule, this is water. When a gas is burned, heat is generated that is transferred to the liquid. The device of a double-circuit gas boiler is distinguished by the presence of two heat exchangers - primary and secondary.
- A circulating pump is used to provide pressure to the heating circuit. This technical element may not be available in all types of gas boilers.
- If there is intense heating of the coolant, then it is necessary to take it for a while. For this, an expansion tank serves.
- An important point is the removal of combustion products. They must be removed from the boilers using natural draft or a built-in fan.
- The automation system includes a gas boiler control unit, which is carried out using various sensors.
Gas valve
In wall and floor units these elements are provided. The valve of the gas boiler is designed to control the flow of gas into the burner. That is, the opening and closing of the elements is performed at the right time.
Floor gas boiler
To install this type of heat unit is necessary subject to the availability of financial resources for its purchase, as well as sufficient space.
The room must meet all technical requirements. The device of a floor gas boiler is quite simple. The only difference from the other types is the presence of a dual-circuit heat exchanger.
Advantages and disadvantages of floor boilers
Among the advantages of such designs, the following can be distinguished:
- there is no need to top up combustible material, since the boiler runs on gas;
- the efficiency is quite high compared to the cost of fuel;
- thorough heating of large areas.
The following points are referred to negative moments:
- To install this type of gas boiler, it is necessary to collect the appropriate documentation, which takes a lot of time;
- the inability to install close to the building envelope ;
- the need to equip the room with special ventilation for the removal of combustion products.
Wall mounted gas unit
Remaining compact, such installations can fulfill the functions of an entire boiler house. The device of a wall-mounted gas boiler is no different from the floor type, except for the overall dimensions.
Pros and cons of wall mounted units
Among the advantages of this type of gas boiler, the following can be distinguished:
- compact dimensions, which allows you to install it together with other appliances or furniture elements;
- the boiler comes with all the necessary elements; installation of additional bulky equipment is not required;
- if there was no gas for a long time, the device can be easily reconfigured to use gas cylinders.
Like every unit, a wall-mounted boiler has its drawbacks:
- The device of gas heating boilers does not allow heating a large area of the room.
- The presence of sensitivity to the chemical properties of the coolant. If you do not install an additional softener, the heat exchanger will quickly fail. And its replacement is quite expensive.
- If the device of the heating gas boiler provides for the presence of a two-circuit system, it is necessary to install an additional crane. In the open position, it serves to cool the coolant. Water supply starts 10 seconds after the tap is opened.
The difference between wall equipment and floor
The device of a gas boiler floor type differs from wall products. This is expressed not only in cost, installation conditions, but also in technical parameters. They determine the type of boiler. In addition, floor models have a longer life. This characteristic directly depends on the material from which all structural elements are made. As a rule, boilers are made of a thick layer of cast iron, so that they do not corrode for a long time.
The design of the unit includes several types of burners: atmospheric and ventilation. The first type is inexpensive and easy to operate, and also does not cause much noise. The second type of burner is most often found in mounted boilers. They cost more, but they also have more power.
Protection system
The protection system is an important issue when choosing such equipment. When the power is turned off, modern gas boilers stop and continue to work automatically when electricity is restored. If the gas supply is shut off, only the burners are closed automatically. After that, the system is started manually, since there is no automatic method.
The device of the gas boiler AOGV provides for the installation of frost protection, as well as energy-saving equipment. Thanks to the sensors, the temperature of the coolant is monitored.
When it is lowered to 5 º, the gas boiler is switched on for heating. As you know, heating in the summer season is not required. Therefore, in order not to break the rotor, it is necessary to turn on the pump. For this, boilers have a special function.
Diagnostic systems are installed in modern devices. They can independently analyze all the elements and provide information about the general condition of the system. Such models test up to 90% of all equipment. Thanks to this, specialists quickly replace or repair a specific device.
The cost of heating boilers
As mentioned earlier, the price of wall and floor boilers is different. So, the cost of wall-mounted models ranges from 28,000 to 150,000 rubles, and floor-mounted models from 30,000 to 40,000 rubles. Do not forget that to install the floor unit, you need to collect a package of necessary documentation and equip a special room, which will result in additional financial costs.
The device and operation of the gas boiler
You need to start with the fact that there is a thermometer in the room that measures the air temperature. If it falls, the three-code valve switches to the “heating” position. Then the circulation pump starts, and the water begins to move through the heating system.
Then the gas valve opens and the burner ignites. Heating of the coolant occurs due to the release of energy during the combustion of fuel. To measure pressure and temperature, a thermostat and a manometer are provided in the design. When the air temperature reaches the required parameters, the pump switches itself off. Over time, this heating process repeats. With constant operation of the pump, the coolant is heated around the clock, which transfers its heat to the heating devices.
Automation system
A huge role in the functioning of gas boilers is played by the integrated automation system. It controls the operation of the unit in all modes and consists of the following elements:
- sensors that control the height of the flame in the burner, as well as its temperature;
- system for switching the boiler on and off in the event of a malfunction in the power supply network;
- sensors that regulate gas pressure in the event of interruptions in gas supply;
- devices used to protect against freezing, this is relevant for the cold season, when it is necessary to dismantle the boiler;
- equipment for turning on the circulation pump during prolonged non-use of the system;
- self-diagnosis system and error detection in the work of individual elements.
If you know the design of a gas boiler, then you can easily choose the right model, saving money while buying and during operation.
Reviews
The opinions of users of wall and floor boilers are divided. After all, these designs have a number of differences. So, a wall-mounted unit cannot warm a larger area of a room than a floor analog. Therefore, people choose gas boilers, starting from this principle.
So, users of wall-mounted devices highlight a number of advantages. So, in their opinion, such units have small overall dimensions, which allows installation together with other elements. The negative side is the sensitivity to the coolant. If the water is of poor quality, the heat exchanger can break quickly. Its replacement is quite expensive.
Floor-standing boilers surpass wall types in their technical characteristics and are used for heating a large area.
The only drawback that many users have highlighted is the installation process. For the installation of equipment, it is necessary to allocate a separate room, since it is quite large. You also need to collect certain documents, which takes a lot of time. Another important point is the removal of combustion products. In the room where the unit will be installed, it is necessary to equip natural or mechanical ventilation.
Conclusion
A gas boiler is an important element of the heating system. It is he who carries out the heating of the coolant, which subsequently enters the pipes and radiators. Work on a type of fuel such as gas is the best option for creating comfortable indoor conditions. So, we found out the device of the gas boiler. We hope that this information will help you choose the right device.