Already in the family, the speech development of the child begins to be laid . The task of loved ones is to create conditions under which the child can easily acquire speech skills. Development deficiencies can lead to inability to express one’s own thoughts, to poor school performance. If the child does not have a good command of speech, as a rule, he does not study well. Articulation gymnastics for children 3-4 years old will help in a playful way learn to talk, correctly pronounce sounds.
Articulation gymnastics
Articulatory gymnastics is a whole complex of exercises aimed at helping a child improve the functioning of articulatory organs, increase the strength and range of movements, and develop the accuracy of the position of the tongue and lips in the pronunciation of a certain sound. Articulation gymnastics for children 3-4 years old trains the organs of sound pronunciation. In the mental development of the baby, speech is of great importance. By the quality of pronunciation in general, one can judge the overall development. Children 2-3 years old reach the peak of speech development, they can already make the simplest sounds, both deaf and sonorous X, B, F, G, D, K, H, O. Already in 3-4 years, sounds C become available. E, L, J.
Physiologically, babies do not immediately become ready to pronounce complex sounds, so they need to train the tongue. Adults should help replenish vocabulary. We need to have a conversation with the child, and he should talk about his family, the weather, and what he is doing with suggestions. Master the basics of pronunciation sounds will help articulatory gymnastics. Photos of children confirm that kids are happy only when they have full communication with both other peers and adults. Speech in the formation of relationships plays a major role. It cannot be an innate ability and requires constant development.
The condition for the establishment of sound pronunciation is the coordinated work of the articulatory apparatus (tongue, lips, palate, lower jaw). The main goal of any articulatory gymnastics is the development of full-fledged movements, skills for correct pronunciation of sounds, strengthening the muscles of the speech apparatus.
Class Recommendations
If a child has difficulties with sound pronunciation and will have classes with a speech therapist, doing articulation gymnastics, he will quickly prepare his speech apparatus for pronunciation of the most complex sounds. Also, a clear pronunciation of various sounds is the basis for learning to write. The complex of articulatory gymnastics for children must be performed, observing some recommendations:
• At the initial stages of classes, all exercises are performed very slowly, it is better to do this in front of the mirror so that the child controls his actions. Ask your kid suggestive questions: what does the tongue do? Where is he now? What do lips do?
• Further, the pace can be increased, exercises can be performed on an account. Be sure to ensure that there is smoothness and accuracy in the movements, otherwise the wash is lost.
• It is better to do in the mornings and evenings, for 5-7 minutes. Lesson time depends on the perseverance of the baby. Classes should not be imposed.
• At the age of 3-4 years, make sure that the basic movements are assimilated.
• At the age of 4 to 5 years, requirements increase - movements should become smoother and more clear, without twitching.
• From the age of 6 to 7 years, children should do everything at a fast pace, while being able to keep the tongue for a while unchanged.
It should be recalled that articulatory gymnastics only prepares the speech apparatus for pronunciation of sounds, it cannot replace occupations with a speech therapist!
Sound exercises C, C, Z
Articulation gymnastics for children 3-4 years old includes a complex for the pronunciation of wheezing sounds C, C, Z.
The Fence. Smile and show rows of clenched teeth. The top row should be located exactly above the bottom. The position is held up to 7 seconds. Repeat 5 times.
"Elephant". To squeeze teeth, and at this time to pull out lips a tube forward. Hold up to 7 seconds. Repeat 4-5 times.
The Fence and Elephant exercises alternate. In this case, the lower jaw is motionless. Repeat 5 times.
“We clean our teeth.” Smiling, wide open mouth. The tongue behind the teeth moves left and right (first glides along the upper row, then along the lower). The lower jaw is motionless. Repeat 5 times.
"Sick finger." Gently squeeze the protruding tip of the tongue with your lips, exhale the air so that it passes in the middle - blow on your finger. Inhale a deep, smooth exhale. Repeat 4-5 times.
"Hill". Show teeth, smile broadly. The tip of the tongue should rest on the lower teeth. In this case, the back of the tongue rises up. Hold up to five. Repeat 5 times.
"Ice slide." Repeat “Slide” and push with the index finger, restraining the resistance of the tongue. Hold on until five. Repeat 4-5 times.
Exercises for sounds W, W, W, H
For these sounds, articulation gymnastics for children 3-4 years old implies a repetition of the exercises “Fence” and “Elephant” and additionally includes the following:
- "Naughty tongue." To slap the flat tip of the tongue with your lips, pronouncing at the same time "poo-p-p-p-p ...". Repeat 5 times.
- "Damn on the plate." The tip of the tongue is located on the lower lip. We say “five” once, do not move the tongue, his mouth is ajar. In this position for 5-10 seconds. Repeat 5 times.
- "Tasty jam." Lick your upper lip. In this case, the lower row of teeth should be visible; for this, pull the lower lip down. Repeat 5 times.
- "Turkey". Take a deep breath, open your mouth, you need to move the tip of your tongue back and forth on your upper lip at the fast pace, while saying "bl-bl-bl-bl ...". The sound lasts up to 7 seconds.
- "Blow on the bang." Lift the tip of the tongue up over the lip, blow up. Cheeks are inflated, air passes through the middle of the tongue. Repeat 5 times.
- "Cup". Smile broadly, show teeth, stick out tongue, fold in such a way that it resembles a cup. Hold for up to 10 seconds. Repeat 5 times.
Sound exercises L, R
Repeat the Fence and Elephant exercises. Then alternate these two exercises.
Repeat the “Clean teeth” exercise.
Repeat the Tasty Jam exercise.
"Painter". Mouth wide open. A tongue is a brush. We paint the ceiling (sky) - we move the tongue forward, backward, left, right. The brush should not come off the ceiling. The tongue does not pop out over the teeth. Repeat 6 times.
The horse. Mouth slightly open, show teeth, smile. We begin to clatter the tongue alternately quickly - slowly. We make short breaks for rest. The tongue sticks to the sky, then flops down. In this case, the lower jaw does not move.
"Fungus". Mouth open, show teeth. Squeeze your tongue, and then suck it to the sky, hold for up to 10 seconds. Bridle - mushroom leg, tongue - hat. Repeat 3 times.
"Harmonic". We repeat “Fungus”, while holding the tongue, we open our mouth wide, and then we grit our teeth. Alternate. Repeat up to 8 times.
Lip and cheek exercises
Respiratory and articulation gymnastics for preschool children is very important for the development and establishment of the articulation apparatus. In a playful way, do the following exercises for the lips and cheeks with the children:
- Massage the cheeks. Rub and pat the cheeks. Gently nibble them from the inside. Exercise is performed while bathing or washing.
- "Well-fed hamster." Close your lips and open your teeth. Take air, cheeks pout. First, both, then alternately. Hold for 5 seconds.
- The Hungry Hamster. The opposite is true. Pull the cheeks inward, you can help with your hands.
- "Burst the ball." Take a deep breath, lips closed. Inflate your cheeks and slap your hands on them to let out air.
"Chick". Mouth wide open, gain air, as if yawning. Keep your tongue relaxed. Exhale completely. Repeat 3 times.
"Elephant". Breathe in, stretch out your lips, and as you exhale pronounce "oooh ...". Hold up to 5 seconds. Repeat 3 times.
Jaw exercises
Articulation gymnastics for children 3 years old includes exercises for the mobility of the lower jaw:
- "Chick". Open, close wide open mouth. In this case, the lips are smiling, and the “chick” -tongue sits behind the lower teeth. Perform the exercise rhythmically under the count.
- "Sharks." Open your mouth. On account of “one” - the jaw to the right, “two” - to the place, “three” - the jaw to the left, “four” - to the place ”,“ five ”- the jaw forward,“ six ”- to the place. The movement is very smooth and slow.
- We simulate chewing with an open, then with a closed mouth.
- "Monkey." Open your mouth, the jaw stretches down, at the same time the tongue extends down as much as possible.
- "Strongman." Open your mouth. Imagine that a load is hanging on a beard. Close our mouth, representing resistance. To relax. Repeat. You can create an obstacle with your hands.
Language exercises
Articulation gymnastics for the tongue for children is represented by the following exercises:
- "Shovel." The kid sees a picture with a shovel. He opens his mouth in a smile. A wide tongue is held on the lower lip. Hold the tongue for 30 seconds, do not squeeze the lower lip.
- “We clean our teeth.” Mouth slightly open, smile. With the tip of the tongue, we carry out the teeth from the inside, separately touch each. First one way. Have a rest. Now to another.
- "Watch." The kid sees the image of a clock with a pendulum. The mouth is wide open. The tongue alternately touch one corner of the mouth, then the other. The lower jaw is motionless.
- The horse. Click the tongue like a horse with hooves. Start the exercise slowly, accelerating the pace (the horse galloped faster). Only the tongue should work, the jaw does not move. You can hold the chin with your hands. Repeat 6 times.
- "Catch the mouse." Open your mouth, smile. Put the tongue with a spatula on the lower lip. Saying "aaaaaaa ...", carefully bite the tip of the tongue. The mouse is caught. Repeat 5 times.
- "Nuts". The mouth is closed. With tension we touch the tongue of the inner side of the cheeks. Right and left. At the same time, hold the position for 5 seconds. Use your fingers outside to control movements, hold your tongue. Repeat 6 times.
Articulation gymnastics for children (fairy tales)
All children love to play. The game has built a lot of training methods. Articulation gymnastics is no exception. Many teachers use articulation gymnastics for children in poems and fairy tales. Kids are happy to join the game.
"The Tale of the Tongue." He lived in his house Tongue. Who knows what this house is? Guess.
There are red doors in this house
And next to them are white animals,
These little animals love buns very much.
Who guessed? This house is our mouth.
In the house, the doors either close or open. Like this (together we open, close our mouth).
The mischievous tongue does not sit in place, often runs out of its house (stick the tongue out).
The tongue came out to warm up, sunbathe in the sun (tongue "shovel" on the lower lip).
A breeze blew, Tongue haggling (roll up the pipe), went into the house, closed the door (hide the tongue, lips closed).
It was overcast in the yard, rain was drumming. (We beat in the teeth with the tongue, pronouncing “d-d-d-d ...”).
At home, the tongue is not bored. He gave the kitten milk. (Open your mouth, drive the tongue along the upper lip). The kitten licked and yawned sweetly. (Run the tongue over the lips and open your mouth wide).
The tongue glanced at the tick-to-clock watch. (The mouth is open, the tongue touches the corners of the mouth with the tip). The cat curled up in a ball and fell asleep. “It's time to sleep,” Tongue decided. (Hide your tongue and close your lips).
Junior group
Articulation gymnastics for children of the younger group consists of the simplest exercises. At 1 youngest in children the hissing, sonorous, whistling sounds are not yet formed. The main task here is to master the movements of the organs of the articulation apparatus. It is necessary to develop auditory attention, pitch, strength of voice, duration of inhalation and exhalation, to clarify the pronunciation of sounds “mu-mu”, “kva-kva”, “tuk-tuk”, etc.
The 2nd younger group gets acquainted with more complex movements of the articulation apparatus. The lips are smiling, the teeth are exposed, the tongue rises, is held, moves from side to side. The exercises “air stream” are used for breathing, for proboscis, “smile”, “fence” for lip movement, for the tongue - “shovel”, “watch”, “painter”, “horse”.
Middle group
Articulation gymnastics for children of the middle group consolidates the exercises. New concepts are introduced - upper, lower lip, lower, upper teeth. The movements of the language are clarified, it becomes narrow and wide. Learning to pronounce sonorous, hissing sounds correctly. The requirements for articulation gymnastics are increasing.
Senior group
Articulation gymnastics for preschool children in the older group consolidates all the material covered. Children know the concept of the back of the tongue. All exercises are performed smoothly, clearly. Articulation organs should quickly switch from one exercise to the next, while they must be steadily held for some time. The teacher strictly monitors the correct execution. Movements should become clear, fulfilled, light, familiar over time. You can conduct classes at any pace.
Preparatory group
Articulation gymnastics for preschool children in the preparatory group clarifies all the movements of the tongue. Differentiation exercises of various sounds are used. At the same time, the child develops phonemic hearing. More often used in class tales, children quickly learn the right actions. In the game, sounds are transformed and fall better by ear. Children with pleasure themselves become heroes of fairy tales.