Kulbaba autumn - herbaceous perennial plant. It occurs almost everywhere, clogging grain crops, orchards and vegetable gardens.
Description
This plant is quite tall - up to 60 cm, with an erect or slightly curved stem covered with sparse hairs. The rhizome is short, fleshy, develops in the form of a brush with numerous filiform processes.
The leaves of a linearly-oblong form are narrowed at the base. In the basal outlet, they are usually pressed to the ground or arched raised. Single baskets at the end of the stem are from 2 to 4 pieces. Fruit wrapper with linear lanceolate, sharp, short-haired leaves. All hairs are pinnate, reddish in color. A dark brown rough achene with a light yellow or off-white volatile is slightly narrowed at the base and at the top.
The first shoots appear in the fall and are only rosettes of leaves, and autumn flower stalks of the kulbub only produce the next year of life. The cotyledons are oblong, rounded on top and slightly widened. The first leaves are located near the apex, their edges are slightly wavy, the subsequent ones take the form of notched-dentate. Flowering begins in July and continues until the fall.
Spread
Kulbaba autumn (family Asteraceae) is considered a weed that depletes and drains the soil. It grows almost everywhere. Its yellow flowers can be found everywhere: in meadows, fields, pastures, in corrals, fallows, sparse forests, near residential complexes, near roads, in gardens and kitchen gardens, among shrubs, in between. It is rare and in small quantities in crops. Distributed throughout Europe, Asia, Russia is marked by almost the entire territory, in America, Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine and the Caucasus.
Biology
Kulbaba autumn - honey plant, well pollinated. To collect pollen, the flowers of the plant are readily visited by bees. The daily volume of secreted nectar is 1.9 mg. Honey productivity is approximately 100 kg per hectare. This culture overwinters in the form of small basal rosettes located directly at the surface of the earth. On pastures such grass is eaten by various types of livestock. This is especially observed in the autumn period, when many plants are already absent. As a result of this, milk in cows acquires a bitter taste.
Healing properties
The leaves of this culture contain a small amount of vitamin C, alkaloids, carotene, protein. Fatty oil was found in the seeds of the plant, and tocopherol in the flowers.
Kulbaba autumn - a plant known in folk medicine. For therapeutic purposes, its ground part is used: flowers, stems, leaves. Herbal broth and infusions of them are used for diseases of the gallbladder, for toothache.
Use this plant for treatment should be careful - it has contraindications. In addition, individual intolerance is possible.
It should be noted that the autumn kulbaba very much resembles an ordinary dandelion, due to which they are often confused. In fact, it is not difficult to distinguish these plants by some external signs and flowering time.