Warming of the walls of the house is a rather important issue that arises more and more often. It all depends on where the building is located. It is important to insulate the walls, because they make up almost 50% of the heat loss of the building.
All building materials that are used when warming the walls of the house are divided into three groups. They differ in density:
- effective, with a density of not more than 1450 kg / m3;
- quite effective, with a density of not more than 1600 kg / m3;
- ordinary, with a density of more than 1600 kg / m3.
The most effective materials have voids, with which you can increase the thermal characteristics of the outer walls. If we talk about bricks, it is better to use ceramic, rather than silicate, when the question arises about the thermal properties.
If the walls are made of concrete, then you should plaster them. Such a surface will be equal to the thermal insulation of ceramic bricks. There are still options for materials for wall insulation that are not wall. We are talking about mineral wool, which increases thermal insulation by 60%, and polystyrene foam, which increases it by almost 100%. In these cases, a brick is used, regardless of whether it is hollow or solid. When bricks are laid, the front rows are tied with the help of stitch rows and metal ties to the main wall. The outer side of the walls is plastered, this will help to avoid blowing.
As for metal bonds, it is best to cover them with bitumen, cement or epoxy adhesive to avoid corrosion. If the building is large, it is necessary to provide waterproofing and drainage for condensate.
Insulation of the walls of the house from the inside
There is such a thing as freezing walls. In this case, it is necessary to insulate the walls of the house from the inside. The most popular here is “warm” plaster. It is applied to a special plaster grid with a layer of 3 cm. It is best to do this procedure throughout the room to avoid dampness outside the treated area. Insulation for walls is laid on plaster.
It is necessary to consider vapor barrier, which will not allow moisture in the room to get on the plaster. Warming the walls of a wooden house is also possible in various ways. Mineral wool is best suited . The only thing you should pay attention to is that the walls of a wooden house are insulated from the outside.
The plastering process consists of several stages. First you need to completely remove wallpaper, paint or old plaster from the walls, then attach the frame from the plaster mesh. For this purpose, a network consisting of cells whose dimensions do not exceed 50 mm is often used. Under it, you can put rails no more than 5 mm thick. They will more reliably hold the plaster that is applied to the wall. The net must be pulled and fastened with nails.
In some cases, resort to additional insulation. You can expose the thermal insulation of the walls, if the plaster on top is covered with a layer of insulation. For apartments, basalt is best suited. It is necessary to fix the guides on the wall (wooden or aluminum bars). Then the heater is laid in between the guides. At the top is a waterproofing layer. It can be made using hydroisol, or it can be made from ordinary roofing material or roofing parchment. The final stage is the finish. For this, chipboard, gypsum fiberboard or fiberboard can be used. The floor and slabs should be separated by a gap of one and a half centimeters, which will subsequently be closed by the baseboard.
Insulation of the roof of the house is a question that may also arise. The so-called thermo-roof will help here best. It is widely used in modern construction. If you want to insulate the roof without especially changing it, then you can use expanded clay, sawdust, mineral wool or polyurethane foam.