Builders with experience call a staircase of any type a construction of increased injuries, regardless of the age of the residents. On overly wide and high steps it is easy to stumble, and on narrow ones you can slip. Therefore, starting the design of the house, the builder calculates the dimensions of the staircase structures in advance. With the right calculation, the risk of injury can be significantly reduced.
How to calculate a spiral staircase? Where to start?
The height of the steps most suitable for walking corresponds to 15-20 centimeters. Walking on such steps, a person, regardless of age and height, will feel confident.
Another important point is the calculation of the width of the steps. Based on the fact that the average size of the human foot is 20 centimeters, the most convenient for walking is a staircase, where the width and height of the steps corresponds to the above parameters.
How to calculate the spiral staircase to the second floor?
From above, the plan of such a staircase resembles a circle, the height and width of which correspond to the similar dimensions of the opening between floors. If the radius of the aperture is usually indicated by the Latin letter r, then the radius r of the support pipe, on which the steps of the spiral staircase are partially supported, is marked with the label r1. How to calculate the radius of a round stairwell?
Tips of experienced builders
A spiral staircase in shape resembles a cone in order to calculate its width, builders use mathematical formulas. A person who is far from construction and mathematics, starting to calculate, will immediately encounter difficulties. With such, for example, as calculating the circumference of a spiral staircase. How to calculate everything correctly and not make mistakes? Specialists cope with this task using the formula:
2 x 3.14 x r (in this case, r is the width of the stairs).
The summer resident can use the same formula, who set himself the goal of constructing a spiral staircase with his own hands. He will be able to calculate the value of the circumference of the span without assistance, having decided on the width of the structure.
If, for example, you round off the width index to 100 centimeters, then the staircase circumference is 628 centimeters.
To calculate the height of the flight of stairs (if you look from the outside of the stairs, the flight will look like a solid structure), the circumference should be divided by the number of steps located on the flight. For example, if 10 steps are planned, then the required distance will be 62.8 centimeters (628: 10).
Experienced craftsmen advise: before proceeding with accurate calculations, it is necessary to determine the general values of the structure.
Construction height and other important details
If a builder-beginner can determine the height of the stairs without outside help (the height of the screw structure is determined in the same way as the dimensions of an ordinary staircase - by the height of the room), then finding out some seemingly insignificant details can lead him into a dead end. For example: at what angle is the span of a spiral staircase rounded, how to calculate the exact number of steps, which one will be considered the first and which the last?
The most acceptable incline of a spiral staircase, according to experts, should not exceed 37 degrees. The minimum slope must not be less than 23 degrees. Climbing such a ladder, a person will not balance on the steps, but will proportionally move forward and upward. By increasing the angle of inclination, the owner of the house will significantly save the usable area allocated for the structure, but will turn the usual climb up the stairs into an ascent of increased complexity.
As for the number of steps. First, the builder is determined by their height (in most cases, it is 15-25 centimeters) and the width of the ceiling of the second floor. For example, if the ceiling height on the first floor is 2 meters 70 centimeters, the thickness and height of the steps is 20 and 22 centimeters, respectively, and the ceiling thickness of the second floor is 15 centimeters, then the height of the entire structure will be 2 meters 85 centimeters, and the number of steps will be match the number 13.
The upper step will be the floor of the second floor. The floor of the first floor is considered a zero step.