Throughout the entire time of existence, people have tried to create the most effective regulators of relations within society. Searches were carried out in order for human activity to become as streamlined, formed and effective as possible. After all, a quality organization is the key to the realization of all goals. However, it was not possible to find a successful regulator of public relations for a long time. This problem existed due to the fact that people took as a basis the wrong factors for building power.
For many centuries, the activities of states have been based on religion, violence, and other such moments. Only in the new period, the key factor in the activities of all countries has become law. In addition, the principles of state power were substantially modified by thinkers of that time. Their achievements in the field of power management led to the creation of the principle of separation of powers. He, in turn, laid the foundation for representative power, which today is effectively working and developing. In addition , the representative authorities of the Russian Federation have a lot of their own characteristics, which are due to the specifics of our country as a whole.
The principle of separation of public administration: concept, meaning
Representative authorities are an integral part of the apparatus of our country. However, its activities are subject to the influence of certain principles recognized by the international community. They exist for years, and also have a fairly strong influence on the system of government in any country. One of these is the principle of dividing state administration into three branches independent from each other. According to its provisions, the power in any state has a legislative, executive and judicial component. It is worth noting the fact that the principle has significantly changed people's understanding of the features of government. He showed the complete inefficiency of the one-man management that existed in many monarchies. The authors of the principle of separation of powers were Jean Louis de Montesquieu and John Locke.
Despite its "European" nature, the theory of the differentiation of management has found its application in Russia. Thanks to her, in fact, representative power appeared in the form in which we are all used to seeing it.
What is representative management?
The term mentioned in the article is often identified with the legislative branch. This interpretation has its own characteristics, but in theory it is not entirely true. The bottom line is that representative authorities are a broader concept than legislative departments. In other words, the latter are a structural part of the former. In this case, a logical question arises: what is representative power in general? In a broad sense, this term refers to the sphere of social regulation, which is created directly by society. In other words, a certain community of people, endowed with inalienable civil rights, delegates its capabilities to certain bodies. That is, the main feature of representative power is its election. This aspect is a key factor in building democracy in modern society.
The concept of representative bodies
So, taking into account the previously presented points, we can conclude that representative authorities are departments directly created or chosen by the people of a certain country. Their legal basis is the delegated rights of citizens of a power. At the same time, representative authorities operate on the basis of the principle of openness, transparency, etc.
Representative and Legislature
In theory, disputes about the identity of certain departments very often arise. As we found out, the legislature is part of representative power. In fact, the parliament of any country is a representative body, due to several factors.
- First, the legislature is directly elected by the people of the state.
- Secondly, he is vested with the exclusive right to issue normative acts of higher legal force.
- Thirdly, the parliament, as a rule, has the greatest opportunities in the structure of the retention mechanism and balances. In other words, its influence on other authorities is the most powerful.
Thus, legislative bodies are representative, but are they the only element of the whole system? The structure of the mentioned regulatory sphere also includes other departments. They are not so vast, but their influence is no less than that of parliament. In this case, we are talking about local governments. However, their features will be discussed later in the article.
The powers of parliament on the example of the Russian Federation
One of the most important representative bodies of the Russian Federation has a number of exclusive rights. This indicates the breadth of its competence. It should be noted that in Russia the highest representative legislative body is the Federal Assembly. The department has two chambers: the Federation Council and the State Duma. The members of both chambers become members of the body through their appointment through elections. The most prominent powers of the Federal Assembly include:
- The possibility of adopting the Constitution and amendments to it.
- Edition of Federal Laws.
- Implementation of control over the activities of bodies and their compliance with the rule of law.
- Other powers provided by the current regulatory system.
As we see, the activity of the legislative authorities in Russia is quite extensive, as evidenced by the competence of such departments. However, the Federal Assembly is not the only representative body in the Russian Federation. These include a large number of other departments. In theory, they are called "representative body of the municipality." In other words, we are talking about local government departments that exist on the territory of all subjects of Russia.
Parliaments of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation
Local government at all times was a unique phenomenon of human self-organization. In the structure of public authorities, this branch is completely independent. Moreover, the theory of separation never allowed the existence of local self-government. Nevertheless, its existence is simply necessary, because territorial units, especially in the Russian Federation, unite large human communities, the activities of which must be regulated. It should also be noted that the representative body of the municipality in each part of our state has its own name, for example: in Yakutia it is called Sakha, in Karelia - the House of the Republic and Representatives, etc. However, the powers of all local authorities are relatively similar.
The rights of municipalities
The legislative representative bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation carry out a number of rather important functions in their work. Their main task, as we understand it, is the publication of normative acts of a local type. Moreover, these legal acts should not contradict the federal legislation and, of course, the Russian Constitution. In addition, municipal authorities have the authority to regulate issues related to the life of territories under their control. It should be noted that the parliaments of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are elected departments.
Conclusion
So, in the article we found out what the representative authorities are. This concept has a large number of diverse interpretations, which include all kinds of additions to it. Nevertheless, the modern system of representative bodies of Russia is quite effective and efficient.