The creator of the delightful comedy "Woe from Wit", which later was simply sorted into quotes. A loyal friend of the Decembrists, a talented musician and a clever diplomat. And all this is Alexander Sergeyevich Griboedov. A short biography always contains only superficial data. Here, detailed information will be disclosed, based on official facts that have been confirmed by archival documents. How much this author had to go through. The ups and downs, intrigues and dueling, inner experiences and, of course, tender affection for your young wife.
Future writer Griboedov. Biography. A photo
The very story of the birth of Griboedov is still shrouded in mystery. If we take various biographical data or track records of Alexander Sergeyevich, then significant differences in dates immediately become noticeable. Therefore, the year of birth cannot be indicated exactly, but approximately between one thousand seven hundred and ninety and ninety-fifth.
Moreover, many biographers speculate that Griboedov was illegitimate. That is why the dates of his birth are so inaccurate in all archival documents. His mother's family deliberately concealed this fact. Later, a husband was found who hid the girl’s shame and took her with a child. He also had the surname Griboedov and was one of the poor relatives.
Father and mother of a great writer
A man of low education, a retired major, father subsequently very rarely appeared in the family, preferring to stay in the village. There he completely devoted all his time to card games, which significantly depleted his condition.
The mother of Alexander Sergeyevich was a rather rich and noble lady, who became known not only in Moscow, but also beyond its vicinity as a great pianist. The woman is very domineering and sharp, but she surrounded her children with warmth and care, and also gave them a wonderful home education. Her family came from Lithuania, they surnamed Gzhibovsky. And only in the sixteenth century the family received the surname Griboedov.
Griboedov’s rich biography , interesting facts from the writer's life make his personality even more mysterious and make him delve into its study.
Children's years of the future writer
Alexander Sergeyevich in childhood studied several languages and, of course, French. He studied piano. His tutors were well-known teachers - Petrozilius, who at the University of Moscow compiled library catalogs. Then Bogdan Ivanovich Ion, who studied in Moscow and the first who received a doctorate at Kazan University. And the subsequent upbringing of Griboedov, not only at home, but also at school and university, was attended by the famous professor Bule. From childhood, the future writer revolved in fairly well-known circles. He, along with his sister and mother, often visited his uncle uncle in the famous Khmelita estate, which was located in the Smolensk province.
Moreover, the Griboedov family was related to such well-known surnames as the Odoevsky, Rimsky-Korsakov, Naryshkin. And acquaintances drove with a fairly wide circle of the nobility of the capital.
The beginning of the training of little Alexander
In 1802, Alexander entered the Moscow University boarding school, received several awards there for excellent education, and at the age of eleven he already became a candidate in verbal sciences. He carefully studies many sciences.
All this is just a youthful biography of Griboedov. Interesting facts about the life of the writer relate to a later period. The only point that needs to be noted is that, despite his excellent abilities to study, Alexander Sergeyevich decides to devote himself to military service.
The beginning of a military career
Since 1812, the facts of Griboedov’s biography are directly related to his military career. Initially, he was enrolled in the Saltykov regiment, which spent the whole autumn in the Kazan province, without having joined the army.
After the death of the count, this regiment was annexed to the command of General Kologrivoy. And Alexander comes to him as an adjutant, where he became very close to Begichev. And without becoming a participant in a single battle, Griboedov resigns and arrives in St. Petersburg.
Acquaintance with theatrical and literary circles
A rather interesting biography of Griboedov begins with a service in the State College, where he meets with the famous Küchelbeker and Pushkin. At the same time, he begins to communicate in the theatrical and literary communities.
Moreover, in 1816, Alexander became a member of the Masonic lodge, which included Pestel, Chaadaev and even the future head of the imperial chancellor Benckendorf.
A variety of intrigues and theatrical hobbies - all this includes a further biography of Griboedov. Interesting facts of this period of the writer’s life report that he was embroiled in an unpleasant story related to the dancer Istomina. Because of her, a duel took place between Sheremetyev and Zavadovsky, which ended in the death of the first.
This greatly influenced the future writer, life in St. Petersburg became simply unbearable for him, as rumors began to spread around the city that he was a pimp and a coward. And this Alexander Griboedov, whose biography was impeccable in regard to courage and courage, could not stand it anymore.
Trip to the Caucasus
At the same time, the financial situation of Griboedov’s mother shook considerably, and he had to seriously think about his future. At the beginning of 1818, the Russian embassy was formed at the court of Persia. And Alexander Sergeevich accepts a new appointment there as secretary. He took his new position seriously enough and began to intensively study the Persian and Arabic languages, as well as get acquainted with various literature about the East.
Arriving in Tiflis, Griboedov immediately participated in a duel with Yakubovich, but, fortunately, no one was hurt. Moreover, the opponents immediately reconciled. Soon Alexander Sergeyevich became the favorite of General Ermolov, sincere conversations constantly took place between them, which had a huge impact on Griboedov.
Life and work in Tabriz
In 1819, the Russian mission arrives at the residence, which was located in Tabriz. Here Alexander wrote the first lines of the famous "Woe from Wit."
It was at this time that Griboedov’s biography became particularly interesting, the interesting facts of which indicate that the writer, despite the embittered Persians, was able to achieve the release of Russian soldiers in the amount of seventy people and bring them to Tiflis. And General Ermolov even introduced Alexander Sergeyevich to the award.
Griboedov stayed here until 1823, citing the need for long-term treatment. Meanwhile, he continued to study Oriental languages and write "Woe from Wit," the scenes of which, as he was created, were read to his friend Küchelbeker. Thus was born not only a famous work, but also a new biography: Griboedov-writer and great creator.
Homecoming
In March 1823, Alexander Sergeyevich returned to Moscow and met with his friend Begichev. It remains in his house to live and continue to work on his work. Now he often reads out his creation in literary circles, and with Prince Vyazemsky he even writes a vaudeville entitled "Who is the brother, who is the sister, or Deception for deceit."
Then the writer moves to St. Petersburg specifically in order to obtain permission to publish his work. Unfortunately, it was not possible to fully publish the work, but some passages were published, which caused an avalanche of criticism.
And when Alexander Sergeyevich read out his comedy in artistic circles, he received a maximum of positive emotions. But, despite the great connections, it was not possible to put on the stage a comedy.
Thus began the great writer Alexander Griboedov, whose biography is now known to almost every student.
Decembrist Alexander Griboedov
But the joy of the stunning success did not last long, dreary thoughts began to visit Griboedov more and more, and he decides to embark on a journey through the Crimea and visit Kiev.
Alexander Sergeyevich meets here with his friends Trubetskoy and Bestuzhev-Rumin, who are members of the secret society of the Decembrists.
They immediately had the idea of involving Alexander, but then he was not interested in political views, but continued to enjoy the beauty of those places and explored all kinds of sights. But the depression did not leave him, and in late September, Alexander Sergeyevich joined the detachment of General Veliaminov. Here he writes his poem "Predators on Chegem."
Soon Yermolov received a message that Alexander should be detained due to involvement in the uprising, and he secretly told the writer about this. But, despite this, the arrest still took place. So the Decembrist Griboedov appeared. The biography is short, but sad. In conclusion, Alexander spent about six months, and then was not only released, but also invited to an appointment with the king, where he vainly asked for pardon for his friends.
The fate of the writer after an unsuccessful rebellion
The first months of the summer of 1826, the famous writer lived in the cottage at Bulgarin. This is a particularly difficult period, and Griboedov, whose biography and work these days are filled with sadness and pain for his executed and exiled comrades, decides to move to Moscow.
Here he finds himself in the thick of things. Ermolov is dismissed due to lack of competence in command of the troops, and Alexander is transferred to the service of Paskevich. Very often, Griboedov, a writer and poet, now began to experience bouts of fever and nervous attacks.
At this time, Russia and Turkey are launching hostilities, and a professional diplomat was needed in the East. Sent, of course, Alexander Sergeyevich, despite the fact that he made every effort to refuse. Nothing helped.
In any literature where Griboedov is mentioned (biography, photo and other information that relates to his life), it is impossible to find any facts about why this talented person was so urgently sent to this mission, which turned out to be fatal for him. Was this the king’s intentional revenge for participating in the uprising of which he was accused? After all, it turns out, then the further fate of Alexander was already a foregone conclusion.
From the moment he was appointed to this post, Griboedov began to mourn more and more, foreseeing a quick death. Even to his friends, he constantly repeated that it was there that his grave would be. And on the sixth of June, Alexander Sergeevich left St. Petersburg forever. But in Tiflis, a very important event awaits him. He marries Princess Chavchavadze, whom he had known for many years and knew her as a child.
Now the young wife accompanies Griboedov, he constantly writes letters to friends, filled with wonderful epithets about his young Nina. The writer arrived in Tehran already by the New Year holidays, initially everything turned out well. But then, due to controversial issues regarding prisoners, conflicts began, and already on January 30 a group of armed people, inspired by the Muslim clergy, attacked the premises in which the great writer and diplomat was.
So Alexander Sergeyevich Griboedov was killed, whose biography and creativity were cut short for everyone completely unexpectedly. And will remain forever an irreparable loss.