The Human Development Index is an important economic indicator of people's potential and quality of life in a single country. This is an integral value that is calculated annually and includes such important criteria as living standards, literacy, education and longevity. Since 1990, the UN has been engaged in such studies. A special program allows you to consider such a question as the human development index.
Each year, the UN, after carefully conducted research, publishes the “Human Development Report”, and it reflects the problems of the development of society, but already on a global scale. There is one peculiarity in this issue: the data reflected in this report - with a delay of exactly 2 years. For example, in the 2012 report, data for 2010 will be presented. Despite this, they nevertheless really reflect the quality of life in the countries studied and still remain the main criterion by which the success of the government’s course of socio-economic policy of the state is judged .
One of the most important indicators under consideration is longevity, which is measured by the life expectancy of the local population. The second is education, and for its calculation, adult literacy (it should be at least 2/3) and the average number of years of study (should be more than one third) are taken. A literacy study calculates the percentage of residents who have reached the age of 15 years. A person who can read or write the simplest text is recognized as literate.
The standard of living of the population is taken into account, it is expressed in real GDP, which falls on the per capita of a single state. In this case, the correction of the cost of living, that is, the purchasing power of people in the studied area, is necessarily taken into account. Later, as a result of the amendments, a more capacious socio-economic indicator, the human development index, was derived. He specified some significant parts of a person’s life, for example, economic development within the country, regions, as well as in individual social groups, the index of health, mortality, income, and access to vocational education.
In 2010, taking into account inequalities in the development of countries, three completely new indicators were introduced. The first of these is the human development index, which takes into account inequality between groups of people, the gender inequality index, and also an indicator of multidimensional poverty.
Recent studies have shown that Norway is the most prosperous country in the world. And the next successful five are represented in such a composition: Australia, the Netherlands, the United States and New Zealand.
If we consider modern society, then human potential today is the main factor in the economic growth of society. Undoubtedly, how all other development resources are used depends on his condition. According to World Bank data, in modern countries the main share of national wealth is in people, “human capital” ranges from 68% to 76% of national wealth.
What is human potential, how to use it correctly for the prosperity of the state and ensuring a decent material standard of living? It is a combination of spiritual and physical forces that are correctly and effectively used for self-realization, achieving successful individual and social goals. It is he who makes it possible to draw up a qualitative characteristic of the population.
The development of a person’s potential is influenced by physical and mental health, life expectancy, education, labor motivation, the individual’s material and spiritual needs, and social activity.
The formation of a personality, or rather the development of its potential, occurs when a person has a need for new spiritual values, internal energy reserves, unrealized abilities, abilities, and certain creative impulses appear.
An individual irresistibly strives to discover and realize his abilities, which promote personal growth, and which allow him to know the world around and the meaning of life. The final and obligatory stage is the embodiment of ideas into reality, self-expression and self-realization. The human environment contributes to the development of man and his potential. Every inhabitant of the Earth wants a long and healthy life, he dreams of education and a decent standard of living, political freedom, guaranteed human rights and respect.