Lovers of fresh grapes are happy to grow in the cottages or buy sweet and juicy grapes Krasen at the markets. This variety is universal in its own way. It is suitable for the production of wines, and for the manufacture of juices. And the popularity of fresh grapes of this variety is supported not only due to external attractiveness and increased sugar content, but also due to the lack of seeds.
Grade history
For breeding varieties, the method of generative hybridization was used. This is one of the main methods of selection, based on the pollination of generative organs. With this method, male flowers are removed from the maternal bisexual grape, and then pollination is done by the father's variety. If only the female type of flower is present on the grapes, then simply pollination is done by the paternal form. The main difficulty of this method is the correct selection of varieties for crossbreeding.
To obtain this hybrid form, scientists from the Magarach Research Institute, which is studying the problems of viticulture and winemaking, worked. The Institute is located in Yalta. To obtain the Krasen grape variety, they used a disease-resistant, super-seedless Magarach and a frost-resistant Antei Magarach variety. The result of breeding work pleased the creators. The hybrid form was universal, suitable for industrial cultivation and for small farms, stable and undemanding. Such varieties are reckoned as canteen.
NIViV "Magarach" received a patent for the cultivated variety, the number of which is 06285. After that, industrial vineyards were planted for technical purposes, and promotion of the variety for home cultivation was started.
Appearance
Grapes Krasen has large medium-soft clusters in which relatively small berries are collected. On average, the weight of a bunch is just over 600 g, but there are giants weighing more than 1 kg. The clusters have a pointed conical shape.
The berries are rounded, slightly elongated, blue-violet. A waxy coating is visible on the surface. The flesh of the berries is juicy and fleshy. It has a light nightshade and nutmeg flavor. The skin is durable but thin. Juice of saturated color. Rudiments of stones are found in the pulp. Their size does not exceed 2 mm. To the touch, rudiments are slightly denser than the pulp itself. In fact, they are not taken into account and the Krasen grape variety is reckoned with raisins.
Grade description
Despite the fact that the parental forms of Krasen were early, the variety itself belongs to the average ripening period. Grapes need 135-145 days to reach ripeness. These terms depend on the method of application of the crop and the climatic zone of cultivation. Grapes Krasen, the description of which is given in this section, in the southern regions ripens by mid-August. In more northern regions - by September. For winemaking, Krasen on the bushes is kept until the second half of September. And for table use, grapes can be removed earlier.
Chrysanthemum is a vigorous hybrid variety. It is distinguished by almost one hundred percent fertility of the kidneys. In this case, the kidney can bear fruit, even if it froze during frosts. Grapes Krasen is, in principle, a high-yielding variety. In industrial cultivation, the yield is up to 180 centners per hectare. A feature of the variety is the ability of the bush to withstand high loads without compromising the appearance and quality of the berries. The ripening period is also not changed. Each vine is able to withstand two large clusters or three medium ones.
Considering Krasens grapes, the description of the variety should be continued with indicators of frost resistance. The bush is able to survive the winter with frosts down to -26 ° C. In the southern regions it is not sheltered for the winter, in a colder climate - at the request of the gardener. But if winter promises to be frosty, then it is better to shelter.
The variety feels great in the Crimea, in the Krasnodar Territory. The climate of these regions is optimal for a good harvest. The variety is suitable for cultivation in Cherkasy and Kiev regions of Ukraine, Rostov and Voronezh regions of Russia. Good frost resistance allows you to get crops even in the northern regions. Krasen worthily showed himself in Tyumen, Omsk, near Novosibirsk and Barnaul.
Undeniable advantage
An important quality for a variety is resistance to diseases and pests. This indicator is obtained due to the parent (maternal) variety. Greens are resistant to root phylloxera. Successfully resists oidium and mildew. In addition, resistance to gray rot is observed. An additional advantage of the variety is the fact that the berries do not eat wasps.
Agrotechnical features
Growing Red grapes, a gardener can influence the weight and size of clusters by forming a bush. Compact formation increases productivity.
Krasen is characterized by growth polarity. This means that the upper buds are growing intensively, therefore, to plant bushes on personal plots stands near arbors or stable trellises. In this case, the growth polarity can be changed by transferring the ends of strong vines to lower levels.
Organic farming
Proponents of organic farming believe that Krasen grapes, whose taste ratings are very eloquent, can be grown with minimal use of chemicals. This quality is becoming very relevant due to the popularity of organic products. As you recall, Krasen is resistant to a large list of diseases of grapes, which means that you will not have to spray numerous times. For prevention, you can perform two preventative treatments and all.
Proper watering
According to the rules, the first watering of this grape is carried out after removing the winter shelter (if the grape is grown in cold areas). Before this, the vines are tied to the lower bar of trellises or arbors. Up to three years, the bushes are watered under the root. This means that a piece of pipe is dug near the bush, and several buckets (3-4) of non-cold water are poured into it. 0.5 l of wood ash is poured into the water. The second watering is carried out before flowering. The third in should be done during the formation of the fruit. Watering is not carried out from the moment the color of berries is manifested, but they resume before wintering. The last watering is called moisture recharge or winter.
Adult bushes do not need so many irrigations. After three years, Krasen grapes are watered once, before entering the winter.
Top dressing
When planting Krasen in the hole fertilizers are applied, which are enough for three years of full development and formation of the bush. Then begins the fruitful period, so the vine needs additional nutrients. The variety can be fed with organic fertilizers (manure, bird droppings, compost, peat). Mineral fertilizing is performed with ammonium nitrate, urea (nitrogen fertilizers), superphosphates (phosphorus fertilizers), potassium salt, potassium chloride and sulphate (potassium fertilizing).
The introduction of micronutrients is performed in three stages:
- At the end of wintering. During this period, 40 g of superphosphate, 30 g of potassium and 45 g of saltpeter are introduced into the soil under each bush. Top fertilizers sprinkled with a layer of soil.
- Before flowering begins. During this period, diluted organic fertilizers are applied to the soil. For this, two weeks prior to application, manure or litter is diluted with water and stand under a tight lid. Before entering the slurry, it is once again diluted with water in a ratio of 1 to 6 and potassium (15 g) and superphosphate (25 g) are added to each bucket.
- Before the ripening begins, superphosphate (50 g) and potash (20 g) fertilizers are applied under each bush.
Since July, feeding is stopped. Otherwise, you can slow down the ripening of the crop. And if you overfeed Krasen, then fruiting may not begin at all.
Pruning
In the period from spring to autumn, the Krasen grape variety requires 3 prunings:
- In the spring, when the air warms up to 5 ° C. Cutting has a sanitary focus (removal of damaged parts).
- In the summer . Now pinching, pinching and removing unnecessary branches is carried out to improve ventilation and light access.
- In the fall . After harvesting - removal of weak shoots, and, if necessary, after the discharge of foliage.
Winemaking and other uses
Since 2008, this grape has been on the register of varieties for industrial cultivation. Due to its high sugar accumulation (30 g / 100 cm³), the variety is used for the production of table and dessert wines. The trademark "Magarach" promotes the production of cahors from grapes Krasen. The variety allows you to get a high percentage of wort yield (up to 78), which has a rich deep color.
You can get juice from Krasen both at home and on an industrial scale. In the household, their berries are cooked with compotes and preserves.
Many gardeners growing the Krasen grape variety leave positive reviews. From its fruits, excellent drinks are prepared that will appeal to sophisticated gourmets.