The invention of the machine, which later became a turning (we refer to historical sources), is attributed to 650 years BC. e. The first cutting tool was a primitive device consisting of two installed faces coaxially with the center. They clamped a workpiece made of bone or wood. The apprentice or slave rotated the workpiece, and the master, holding the cutter in his hands, worked, giving the desired shape.
Many centuries have passed. Everything around has changed a lot, including a cutting tool. He acquired a more perfect, modern look. Domestic machine tool building is one of the first places in the world and produces a huge variety of machine tools, including software.
Cutting tool is the most necessary equipment in modern production. One of the main metalworking cutting tools is a milling cutter, on which teeth in the form of blades are cut, which play the main role in the process.
The turning cutting tool, as mentioned above, has undergone a centuries-old improvement, and today it processes products by turning or by cutting in a rotating mode.
The basis of the cutting tool of the machine is a cutter, drill, all kinds of reamers, special heads for
threading and various other tools. Processing a metal with a cutter is like wedging, and the cutter itself is like a wedge. Cutters come in a variety of settings and have a variety of shapes. They are sharpened at different angles, depending on what material will be processed. The cutting tool is fixed in the tool holder so that the cutting edge coincides with the level of the spindle axis. The cutters should be harder than the workpiece and should not be reduced by heating.
The main unit of the machine is the spindle, which clamps the workpiece and rotates with it. The cutting tool, in turn, can move along the workpiece and across the axis of rotation of the workpiece. Modern turning and cutting tools in our time have gained multifunctionality. Devices can work both for turning, and for milling and drilling operations.
The resistance of the cutting tool directly depends on the quality of the material from which it is made. The length of time in which the cutters will not need another turning depends on the same. At the next sharpening of the tool, the upper layer of metal is ground off, because of this there is a natural wear of the tool. The faster the thickness decreases, the fewer sharpenings it will withstand. For each cutting tool, there are special formulas that make calculations of their suitability until complete rejection. Processing all kinds of hard alloys at high speeds requires periodic cooling of the cutting tool, which extends its ability to remain for a long period in excellent condition. For this, various cooling emulsions and carbide cutters are used.