Dixon grapes are one of the most popular cultures among summer residents. The variety was entered into the state register several years ago and is considered a table form. The grapes were bred by Ukrainian breeder A.V. Burdak by crossing varieties of Angelica and Atlant. Dixon grapes refers to mid-season forms. It matures in early September. And this is not all the features of the variety.
Description
The hybrid is vigorous, it can grow up to three meters per year. The leaves are medium sized, saturated green.
Dixon grapes give large brushes weighing up to 1.5 kg. The berries are large, finger-shaped. Most have a pink color with a yellowish nose. The weight of each berry is about 20 g. The pulp is dense, crunchy, with a high juice content. The taste is harmonious, light fruity notes are felt. Grapes accumulate sugar well, which is why more than other varieties are damaged by wasps.
According to the description, Dixon grapes have high cold resistance. He is not afraid of frost to -23 degrees. When grown in the southern regions, the plant is not sheltered for the winter, but in central and northern Russia it is recommended to cover the plant.
Dixon grapes are among the varieties that are highly resistant to most diseases. However, there are situations when the bushes are affected by fungal diseases - this happens in the rainy season.
With proper care, 20 kg of berries ripen on one bush.
Breeding
The Dixon grape variety can be propagated by layering, seedlings, grafting, seeds. If there is at least one bush of the variety, then it is quite possible to propagate by layering. To do this, choose the adult branch of the vine, bend to the ground, make a small cut in the bark on the bottom. Sprinkle the branch with earth. After about three months, the new plant is separated from the mother bush and transferred to a permanent place. In the future, a new bush will grow as a full-fledged seedling. This method of reproduction is recommended to be used in spring, so that the new plant has time to build up a good root system, and that it has time to take root in a new place after transplantation.
Another method is the grafting of cuttings to stock. The method is suitable for those summer residents who have grown plants on the plots that need to be removed. To obtain a new plant, it is necessary to trim the bush so that there remains a stalk 10-15 cm high. It is necessary to make a vertical split in it. A Dickson stalk is placed in it. The junction is tied with garden tape. The advantage of this method is the rapid growth of the shrub, as development occurs on a powerful maternal root. The only drawback of this method is the inability to obtain a pure variety.
Seed propagation
Seed propagation is a complex and long process. Sow seeds in the warmed earth. After growing up, the bushes must be transplanted. The main drawback of the method is that the first crop is harvested only after 4-5 years.
The most popular method of propagation is planting a seedling. It is planted in autumn or spring.
For grapes, a sunny place without drafts is chosen, away from plantings that can create shade. Before planting the seedling, a pit is prepared, a depth of at least 70 cm. A mixture of humus and earth is poured onto the bottom. Then a seedling is placed at the bottom of the hole and sprinkled with soil. The plant is watered. To preserve moisture, it is recommended to mulch the earth around the grapes.
Grade Advantages
According to the description, the Dixon grape variety has the following advantages:
- cuttings are easily rooted;
- shoots ripen quickly;
- the variety gives a stable, high yield;
- the variety is resistant to various diseases;
- high frost resistance.
This variety is easy to care for.
How to care for the vine
To get Dixon grapes in the photo, you need to properly care for it. To obtain a tasty, large crop, at least three vegetative irrigation should be carried out. The first time it is recommended to water the bush after releasing the frost. The second watering is carried out at the end of May, and the third - after fruit setting. It is not recommended to water the plant in the last two weeks before harvesting. Before cold weather, water-charging irrigation is carried out.
For irrigation, settled water is used, with a temperature not lower than 15 degrees. After watering, it is recommended that the soil be loosened.
In order for the grape to receive all the nutrients it needs, it is necessary to remove weeds under it, to make fertilizers.
For winter, in the central and northern regions, bushes are sheltered. To do this, grapes are removed from the support, carefully laid on the ground and covered with straw or covering material, lapnik.
Grape top dressing
It is necessary to feed the plant three times a year. The first time fertilizers are applied immediately after the leaves are blooming, the second time - before the flowering begins, and the third - after reaching the size of peas. Mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, as well as organics are used for all top dressings.
Bird droppings should be taken with caution. In its composition there are components contained in high concentration in comparison with other types of organics. High concentrations of nitrogen negatively affect vine growth.
To prepare a solution for watering grapes, take one part of bird droppings and dilute with four parts of water. Composition insist week. Before use, the product is diluted with water in a ratio of 1 to 5.
Fertilizer for Dixon
In the description of the Dixon grape variety, the photo of which is presented in the article, it is said that this plant needs proper nutrition.
In the spring, when the average daily temperature is set at +16 degrees, it is recommended to add 20 g of superphosphate, 10 g of nitrate and 5 g of potassium salt. This composition helps plants recover after winter. A bush will require 10 liters of liquid mineral fertilizer. You can carry out the first feeding with any complex fertilizer prepared strictly according to the instructions.
To stimulate flowering, a second top dressing is performed. It is best for her to use organic fertilizer with the addition of boric acid. Mullein solution has a good effect on the plant. It is prepared as follows: two kilograms of manure are bred in five liters of water and insisted for a week. Then the finished mixture is brought to a volume of 12 liters. This amount is calculated per one square meter of landings.
Do not use bird droppings for the second feeding.
The third feeding is carried out with the addition of nitrogen. It affects the size of berries and the number of crops. The following composition recommended itself well: 10 g of kalimagnesia and 20 g of ammonium nitrate are diluted in 10 liters of water. The composition is watered plants under the root.
To prepare the vine for wintering, it is recommended to feed the bush. This method helps to stock up on nutrients for the coming season.
The last top dressing can be carried out with mineral fertilizers or organics. In the first case, a composition is prepared of 10 g of potassium, 20 g of superphosphate, 1 g of potassium iodine, boric acid, 2 g of manganese and zinc. All components are diluted in 10 liters of water.
For the preparation of organic fertilizers, rotted manure is used in dry form at the rate of 2 kg per square meter. You can use a solution of bird droppings, at the rate of 1 kg / l of water. Then a liter of solution is diluted in 10 liters of water and contribute to 1 square. m under the root. After watering with fertilizer, ash solution is applied under the bushes at the rate of 300 g per 10 liters of water.
An important step in growing grapes is pruning. A properly pruned vine is capable of producing large berries of excellent palatability.
Reviews about the variety of gardeners and gardeners
According to numerous reviews, Dixon grapes are a unique culture that can grow quickly, gives a stable crop in all weather conditions.
Gardeners say that the color of the berries may vary, and as some growers suggest, it depends on the composition of the soil, the amount of sun falling on the brush.
You can learn more about Dixon from the video.
The choice of summer residents of grapes of this variety is not accidental. It has a high yield and stability, and is also easy to care for. If you follow the simple rules of care, you can get huge brushes and a large crop.