Building technologies are constantly being improved. Today, relatively inexpensive housing is in demand. At the same time, the speed of its construction has increased significantly. This is made possible thanks to special technology. The construction of modular homes is in demand today. Features of this technology, reviews of such housing will be discussed later.
general description
The technology for building a modular house arose in the 60-70s of the last century in the United States. In our country, this approach to the construction of residential buildings has been applied relatively recently. For the first time, such houses appeared on the domestic construction market 15 years ago.
This is one of the new technologies. It differs from frame and panel construction in the method of manufacturing structural elements. So, for example, frame houses are delivered to the object in the form of separate draft elements, which are assembled into a single structure. After that, through the walls, floors, conduct all the necessary communications.
Projects of modular houses during turnkey construction include several ready-made blocks of the future building. They are assembled at the factory, including all necessary communications. In other words, when delivered to an object, the modules are simply assembled together. Further, finishing work is carried out. All vital communications are already created in the design by the manufacturer. This allows you to significantly speed up the process of building a house.
Historical reference
Modular-frame construction of houses developed initially in the United States. Using this technology, 25% of all American suburban homes were previously built. Today, this figure has dropped to 15%. At first, a concept called the “growing house” was applied.
Housing was originally acquired by a young family. For the newlyweds, one or two modules for living quarters and one more block for the kitchen with a dining room were enough. When children appeared in the family, other modules were bought. So the house increased, acquiring a nursery, guest rooms and more.
Gradually increasing the space of your home was beneficial, because young families do not always have money for spacious housing. By gradually collecting finances to expand the building, people could get as much space inside the building as they needed.
New parts docked to the house with the help of special galleries or vestibules. When a mortgage loan became widespread, this idea was gradually abandoned.
In Europe, the presented technology began to develop in the 90s of the last century. Today, the production of modules is carried out by the inline method. This allows you to reduce the cost of housing, increasing the volume of finished products.
Cost
The price of modular construction of houses depends on many factors. In the domestic market there are several well-known companies that are engaged in the production of buildings of this type. The cost of modular housing for Russian manufacturers is approximately the same. It is 33-40 thousand rubles. per square meter.
If you compare with the cost of frame (and similar) houses, which is 27-30 thousand rubles. per square meter, the price of modular buildings is higher. However, in the end, construction costs will be the same.
Modular Technology Reviews
The construction of modular homes today receives many positive reviews. The work of DublDom, Dom-Ark, Experimental Design Plant No. 1, and StroyMontazhServis M is especially in demand among Russian customers.
Among the positive qualities of the presented buildings, according to reviews, the high speed of construction of the building stands out. If you bought a suburban area on which there is no home, using the technology presented in the shortest possible time, you can create a building with a number of floors from one to two.
The main units are made in accordance with a clear standardization. Also, weather factors have a minimal impact on the construction process.
Among the shortcomings of modular designs, customers note minimalism, the lack of architectural refinement. This is a simple design that does not differ in the variety of layouts. However, for suburban construction more is not required.
Standard projects
Domestic companies offer no more than 10 standard projects for modular construction of houses. The customer will be able to make minor changes to them. He will not be able to change the main dimensions, the arrangement of rooms in the building, choose the materials or the structure of the building.
The total area of the house does not exceed 100 m². Most often these are single-story structures, rarely two floors are created. The shape of the buildings is almost always rectangular. Only the "Ark-House" offers, in addition to rectangular structures, a corner-type building.
The sizes of the modules are limited, since they are transported to the object using standard freight transport. Therefore, it is impossible to transport goods longer than 7 m and a width of more than 2.5 m. Otherwise, permission is required for transportation, which increases the cost of the service.
The rooms in such housing have a maximum area of 16 m². The height of the ceilings does not exceed 2.7 m. The design of such housing is made in a modern style. The design provides for at least one panoramic window. There is a terrace, fashionable finishes and mezzanines of a residential type.
The disadvantage is the lack of a hallway. An entrance door leads directly to the living room. If it is planned to live in the house in winter, heat loss will be observed.
Construction Nuances
The construction of modular houses is carried out in accordance with established norms and rules. Buildings in the domestic climate are installed on a pile foundation. The price of creating the foundation of the house is included in the cost of construction.
During the production of the module, walls and floors are assembled, then they are insulated with mineral wool plates. Then they are covered with a layer of waterproofing and sheathed with OSB panels. Outside, the structure is most often finished with siding or a material that imitates a bar. Inside the building create a finish of drywall, lining or imitation timber.
The roof in such houses is single-pitched or gable. The angle of inclination does not exceed 25º. There is no attic floor . The roof is hemmed directly to the rafter system.
Improved design
Some companies in the process of building modular homes offer improved designs. If for some reason the typical project did not fit the customer, the company can develop an individually appropriate design. The cost of such housing increases by 30-50%.
Some companies offer to reduce the cost of production. In this case, some materials from which the structure is made are revised. At the request of customers, companies develop special projects, offer flexible conditions for ordering, take into account the wishes of their customers.