The walls of the frame house are a multilayer structure, the features of which are fully known only to professionals. However, the home master will be able to master such a technology to carry out work without outside professional assistance.
The device of frame walls
The device walls of the frame house provides for several layers. This technology, by which such construction is carried out, has found its wide distribution, today it has become clear even to a private developer. It is important to decide what materials to use, and also in what sequence to place them before starting work. At the same time, you can’t do without a frame, because such a scheme gave the name of the technology.
You will need a vapor barrier, lathing, finishing materials, OSB, mineral insulation, which can take the form of mats. Having these materials, you can create the right “pie" out of them. The formation of a multilayer wall begins with the construction of the frame, which is made of timber. Between the racks, a layer of thermal insulation should be placed, and then move towards the facade. There will be a 15-mm oriented particle board, and then - vertical and horizontal crates, between which the membrane is located. The last is decorative material. The membrane will perform the function of wind protection. The arrangement of the walls of the frame house inside will be somewhat simpler, for this you need to use vapor barrier and cladding.
For reference
In order to prevent stagnation of indoor air, it will be necessary to establish forced ventilation. After all, an oriented particle board is a material that does not allow air to pass through well.
Guidelines for frame construction
If you will be installing the walls of the frame house, it is important at the first stage to determine whether the construction of residential willows will be in the cold season or it is supposed to be used as a summer residence. This affects the thickness of the walls. If we are talking about summer suburban construction, then you can save on racks, which will have a smaller section. But with a house for year-round living, the situation is different. In addition, for the country house, you can use cheaper finishing materials, because the appearance of the building does not have such serious requirements.
When the walls of the frame house are being installed, of course, heat and vapor barrier are also selected. In this case, a lot depends on the region where you are going to carry out the construction. If we are talking about the northern part of the country, then the emphasis must be on energy saving, the design should have two layers of insulation. However, if outside the window most of the year there is heat and high humidity, then you should additionally use a vapor barrier, which is laid on the outside of the insulation, whereas for cold regions a similar “pie” scheme is contraindicated.
Description of frame walls: pros and cons
The device of the walls of the frame house with your own hands can very well be carried out. But before that, it is recommended to consider all the pros and cons of such buildings. The main advantage is speed, because the house can be assembled in a few months, which ensures the absence of shrinkage, which in other cases requires waiting for the moment when the walls take their final position. Among other things, the above method is relatively inexpensive.
Thanks to modern materials, you can realize an arbitrarily bold fantasy in a few months, and the house will turn out to be solid and reliable. But you should pay attention to weaknesses. Undoubtedly, today there are many tools that are used to improve the fire safety of materials. But with all this, insects and rodents can still be found in wood. Therefore, before starting construction, it is necessary to implement measures to combat these pests.
The construction of frame walls
The device of the bearing wall of the frame house was described above, now we can move on to the practical part of the issue. At the first stage, preparation is carried out, while it is necessary to determine the amount of building material. It is important to prepare certain tools, among them:
- drill;
- plumb line;
- construction line;
- hammer;
- screwdriver;
- level;
- square;
- scissors for metal;
- jigsaw.
Among other things, do not forget about the purchase of antiseptic agents, with the help of which the processing of wooden elements is carried out in order to give them fire resistance and protect them from pests. The thickness of the walls will depend on the purpose of the building, this section is affected by the cross-section of the racks. Therefore, the area of the support should be equal to 50 cm 2 . First you need to install the lower harness, which is laid on the waterproofing layer of the foundation. After the lags are installed in the grooves. All corners should be right, among other things, the elements are aligned horizontally. To simplify the work, a distance between the lags should be maintained , which will be equivalent to the thickness of the thermal insulation. All elements are treated with antiseptic agents. After that, you can proceed with the installation of corner posts. They are fixed with the upper harness, only after the master can mount the intermediate bars. Experts advise at each stage to check whether the vertical and horizontal are respected, because the final result will depend on this.
Work on corners, top floor. Finishing
The arrangement of the walls of the frame house in detail, which is described in the article, will allow you to eliminate errors. Thus, the next step will be the processing of corners, which include window and door openings. Fixation is carried out by metal corners, which are fastened with screws. At the next stage, overlap lags are mounted, the technology will be similar to that used when laying floor elements. However, in this case, their length should be somewhat larger. Racks are fixed with the help of jibs.
It was mentioned above that as part of the frame walls there is a mineral wool type insulation. However, you can choose any suitable thermal insulation. If you want your house to be warm enough even in frosty winters, the insulation layer needs to be strengthened between the racks of the frame. At the next stage, waterproofing is laid, while it is necessary to ensure that each subsequent layer overlaps the previous one. Laying is carried out in the direction from the bottom up. Experts recommend stuffing thin bars on top, with the help of which a ventilation gap is formed. At the final stage, exterior finishing materials are laid.
Internal work
The walls of the frame house, the device and the main elements of which are described in the article, must also be finished from the inside. In this case, fewer layers are used, only vapor barrier and finishing material should be applied. The role of the latter can be chipboard or plywood, and if desired, drywall. If the room is planned to be made residential, then you should pay attention to the environmental friendliness of the finish coating. If it contains harmful substances, it can have a negative effect on human health. For example, some varieties of chipboard are unsuitable for such use.
The device of internal walls
The device of the internal walls of the frame house can be carried out using bars, the cross section of which can be equal to 40x60 or 30x50 mm. You can assemble the frame on self-tapping screws or nails, less often mounting plates are used. The frame wall can be made of a conventional drywall profile. You can create a frame with stiffeners, on top of it sheet material is sewn.
Construction of frame houses
The device of the frame house from the foundation to the roof provides for the creation at the first stage of a cheap foundation (possibly a strip one). The building can be fixed to the foundation with bolts, crutches with a dovetail, ligaments, anchors or a wedge. The construction of load-bearing walls was described above, but after this stage is completed, you can do the roofing. For this, ceiling beams with a square section are used, the side of which is 150 mm. In the corners, constant wind connections are established flush with the uprights. A board with a cross section of 150x50 mm is laid on them. The roof frame is reinforced with screeds, the step between the rafters should be equal to twice the distance between the racks of the frame.