While gardening and horticulture, many farmers are faced with the problem of lack of area, as well as sometimes inexplicable incompatibilities between different plants. Which, in turn, leads to a decrease in productivity and various diseases that worsen plant growth and the quality of the resulting fruit. Mixed planting of vegetables, the schemes of which are made taking into account all the features, can solve many problems.
Mixed Landing Science
Allelopathy is a science that studies the influence of garden crops on each other and the ability to coexist together. The neighborhood of vegetables in the greenhouse and mixed plantings are determined taking into account the influencing factors. Each plant releases various substances through the leaves and roots, which, when it enters the soil, can be either absorbed by other plants or cause harm to them.
Some species have the ability to stimulate the growth of associated plantings and have a protective effect on them from pests, but they can also inhibit. In addition to the obvious, there is another reason to create mixed landings - this is saving space.
Schemes of mixed and compacted plantings of vegetables
It is very important, when drawing up a plan for future landings, to consider:
- Climatic conditions on a given site may vary, as some places are more arid and others are more humid. The effects of wind, precipitation and frost also need to be considered in the calculations.
- It is necessary to know the features of each specific site, its soil composition, the effect of sunlight on this area, as well as its protection from aggressive environmental influences.
Planning
These parameters should underlie the strategy of planting in the garden to obtain the highest result from each square meter. Planning begins with a study of the characteristics of the site and the characteristics of each individual meter of land. Mixed schemes (planting vegetables on the beds, as you know, are different in purpose), the beds are necessarily made taking into account all climatic and agrotechnical parameters of the soil.
Further, the calculations use knowledge about the compatibility of cultures. Only compliance with all requirements can guarantee an excellent result.
Method Advantages
The benefits of mixed landings:
- The advantage, which is most important for gardeners, is a significant saving in the area of the garden, which makes it possible to grow large volumes of products without losing quality. Agricultural technology of mixed plantings (depending on the speed of fruit ripening) sets the requirements for top dressing and climatic conditions, allowing you to get high yields from each unit of area.
- Reasonable combination and planning of mixed plantings makes it possible to harvest vegetables throughout the season.
Competent combination
The alternation of crops with different requirements for nutrition and soil composition allows you to avoid partial or complete depletion of the land and the destruction of any individual nutrients needed by plants.
Joint planting of vegetables can improve the quality of life of neighboring crops, and can also affect the taste and nutritional value of fruits.
The main and accompanying plants
Mixed planting of vegetables, their location patterns and principles that guide the gardener in their preparation are based on simple knowledge. In the practice of this method, there are such concepts as a satellite plant, or an accompanying one, as well as the main culture. The main plant is the target of planting, and the satellite plant is used to fill the gaps and produce large yields.
Mixed Landing Tactics
Aromatic herbs, flowers, green fertilizers, a number of vegetable crops that can benefit their neighbors are often used as accompanying plants. The main crops, as a rule, are vegetable and are slowly ripening, small in size, between which there are quick-ripening species.
This tactic is very effective. While the main culture is slowly growing and developing, the maintainer has time to grow, making room for sufficient development of the main one. This is the main principle of drawing up the plan and the scheme of mixed landings.
Preferred Neighborhood
In order to organically fit into your plan various mixed plantings of vegetables, their location schemes on the site, you need to know the properties of each plant and its compatibility with others. The properties inherent in individual garden crops are conveniently viewed in tabular form. Mixed plantings of vegetables in the garden are necessarily made taking into account the needs of each crop.
Correct Neighborhood Table
| Name of culture | Good neighborhood | Unwanted Neighborhoods About |
| Basil | All crops, especially tomatoes and lettuce | Ruta |
| Eggplant | Beans, thyme | - |
| Beans | Cucumbers, potatoes, spinach, corn, radishes, buckwheat and mustard. If the beans act as the main plants, then for them good neighbors will be lavender, rosemary, yarrow, oregano, cucumber grass | Any kind of onion and garlic, wormwood, marigold |
| Grape | Corn, Potato, Radish, Beans, Radish, Rye | Onions, soybeans, barley, cabbage |
| Peas | It gets along well with carrots, rice, various salads, cucumbers, turnips | Onions, garlic, tomatoes |
| Cabbage | All varieties are excellent neighbors for bush beans, salads, buckwheat, celery, beets, cucumber grass, carrots, spinach.
To protect the cabbage from harmful insects, various direct odorous plants are planted next to it: dill, sage, mint, rosemary, thyme, nasturtium, marigolds | Bad side by side with grapes and strawberries |
| Potatoes | He gets along with legumes, cabbage, radishes and various salads. Potato help in repelling pests will be: tansy, marigolds, nasturtium, coriander | It is highly recommended not to plant sunflower and celery nearby. |
| Strawberry | Good planting spinach, sage, parsley. Mutual influence with beans, cucumbers, pumpkin, peas, soy is especially favorable | Cabbage |
| Corn | All cultures | Beets, Celery |
| Bow | The best neighborhood with beets, strawberries, cucumbers, carrots, lettuce, spinach | Beans, Peas, Beans, Sage |
| Carrot | Peas. Loyal to the neighborhood with potatoes, onions, lettuce | Dill, fennel. Also, there is no place for her under the apple tree, as root vegetables will be very bitter |
| Cucumbers | Good companions for beans, beans, beets, garlic, onions, radishes, spinach, dill and chamomile | Undesirable neighborhood with tomatoes, as their conditions of detention are very different |
| Pepper | Basil | Hard to get along with beans. Bad neighbor for him and fennel |
| Parsley | It goes well with strawberries, peas, tomatoes, asparagus, salads | - |
| Radish | Salads, beans. Radish plantings can be combined with tomatoes, onions, parsley, garlic, strawberries and peas | Landing next to hyssop is highly discouraged, as it gives great bitterness to the fruit. |
| Turnip | Goes well with peas. | Absolutely not compatible with mustard and asparagus. |
| Beet | It is an excellent companion for cabbage, radish, radish and salad. Next to the beets can also be placed beds with garlic, strawberries, celery, cucumbers | - |
| Celery | White cabbage. It feels great next to cucumbers and tomatoes, soybeans, beans and peas. | Neighborhood with corn, parsley, potatoes and carrots is highly undesirable |
| Tomatoes | Good side by side with basil, celery, parsley, spinach and beans. Planting next to cabbage, corn, garlic, carrots, beets is neutral in their effect | Cannot be placed next to kohlrabi cabbage, fennel and dill, potatoes, eggplant |
| Pumpkin | Responsive neighbor for peas and beans. Coexists favorably with corn | Near cabbage, cucumbers, salads, onions, carrots |
| Beans | Friends with almost all cultures | Onions, fennel, garlic, peas |
| Spinach | All cultures | - |
| Garlic | Friendly neighborhood with tomatoes, beets, strawberries, carrots, cucumbers | Negatively affects the taste of peas, beans, cabbage |
Today you learned about what mixed planting of vegetables is. Schemes for their compilation are created taking into account the preferences of each individual plant, as well as the conditions of its maintenance, which should be the basis for calculating future beds. Using such a progressive method provides many advantages, which are especially important to use when striving to get the maximum benefit and large yields from each square meter of area.