If you are interested in the device of heating appliances more deeply, then you understand how important the correct choice of the chimney is. Before purchasing it or using a device, you need to familiarize yourself with the main types of these products, which can be made of different materials.
Brick chimneys, their sizes and construction features
This type of chimney, despite the emergence of more modern materials, is still popular. Spread such structures from solid ceramic bricks. The smoke exhaust system is located in brickwork. For work, a brick with the following parameters should be used: 25 x 12 x 6.5 cm. But the standard dimensions of a brick chimney are determined by the dimensions of the building. On a small house, a tall and wide chimney will not look harmonious. For Russian stoves, chimneys are usually equipped with dimensions equal to 260 x 260 mm. The nozzle pipe is located above the fireplace or on the stove and has the shape of a rectangle, the parameters of which are approximately equal to four bricks. The masonry also provides for the laying of the neck of the fluff. The height of the cutting neck is five bricks. The parameters of the smoke channel are 140 x 270 mm.
The dimensions of the chimney for the fireplace are also determined by the parameters of the fluff, which is laid out taking into account some rules. For example, the external dimensions of this assembly are 590 x 450 mm. When working, halves and quarters should be used.
In the third row, the fluff increases, and inside, inserts are inserted, the thickness of which should be 60 mm. The dimensions of the chimney itself should be increased to 650 x 510 mm. But the parameters of the next two rows are 710 x 570 mm. In order to equip a solid pipe, bricks should be installed inside, the minimum thickness of which is 90 mm.
One of the stages of the construction of the chimney for laying the riser, after which the otter is installed. This segment will involve the laying of nine rows. The outer size of each row by a quarter of the brick should be larger than the previous one. At this stage, special attention must be paid to the internal parameters of the channel. Dimensions should not be smaller or larger.
Single-circuit modular metal chimneys
Metal chimneys have several elements. Usually this is a piece of pipe. But the design also involves the presence of tees, which have glasses for collecting condensate. The material is acid-resistant heat-resistant stainless steel, the wall thickness of which varies from 0.6 to 1 mm. Such pipes have a long service life. On sale you can find different types of stainless steel, for example, galvanized steel. But this option is not the best. The protective layer quickly burns out under the influence of temperature, and unprotected surfaces are destroyed by the action of water and acids.
Metal sandwich chimneys and their sizes
The dimensions of the sandwich pipes for the chimney are determined primarily by the diameter, which can vary from 110 to 300 mm. When buying, you must consider the diameter of the outlet pipe from the heater. The corresponding indicator of the product should not be less. A sandwich pipe is put on a conclusion.
The size of the chimney is also selected along the length. It can be equal to half a meter and 1 m. But the wall thickness of the inner pipe is 0.5 mm and 1 mm. It is also necessary to take into account the outer diameter, which can be a limit of 200 to 430 mm. The size of the chimney is also determined by the thickness of the internal insulation, which can be 4 to 6 cm. Corners are used for installation, they help to equip turns and can be equal to 90 º. For branching, 90 º and 135 º tees are used.
Chimney for a gas heater and its dimensions
The dimensions of the gas chimney are the main characteristics when choosing this part of the device. The efficiency of the smoke channel will depend on this. Calculation of the diameter must be carried out taking into account the following rule: per 1 kW of the power of the device should be 5.5 cm². In this case, pipes from two heating devices must be located at some distance from each other.
Parameters of pipes for boilers
The dimensions of the chimneys for boilers are calculated in order to determine the height of the pipe and the cross-sectional area. The thrust will depend on the correct selection of these parameters. For independent calculations, you can determine the cross section of the chimney when there is a heater. According to the parameters, ventilation should be the same as the boiler nozzle. It is necessary to measure the smoke outlet. The cross section can be calculated taking into account the power of the equipment. To determine the cross-sectional area, you need to multiply the power of the heater by 5.5. As a result, you get the value in square centimeters.
When calculating the size of the chimney pipe, you can determine the inner diameter, which should be the same as the diameter of the hole for installation in the boiler or a little larger. If you make the cross section larger, it will affect the draft, but it will still be, and carbon monoxide will not get into the room.
Features of the construction of a brick pipe
When the dimensions of the chimney are determined, you can begin construction. But first you need to prepare the tools:
The solution layer should be made small to obtain a reliable design. Each row is shifted by half a brick, which will provide traction.
When forming an otter and cutting, it is necessary to use steel rods that are installed in the masonry, but the fittings should not cross the smoke channel. Chimney clogging must be reduced so that the soot hardly settles on the walls. To do this, they are made as smooth as possible with plaster.
The riser is laid out in the attic. It is performed close to the roof. A hole is made in it. It is possible to partially disassemble the roof. At this point, the pipe is brought out. The riser height should be greater than the height of the ridge. Given the selected size of the chimney, you need to make a neck through 15 rows. The parameters of this node are selected as desired. In the end, you need to equip the head, and a weather vane is installed on top of it. To complete the construction, the structure is fastened and thermal insulation is installed, which ensures the effective operation of the system.
Chimney device for boiler
To ensure intense traction, it is necessary to observe some requirements when installing structures from double-circuit pipes. So, the assembly is carried out from the heater. The smoke channel should be made even. The length of the pipe should not have bends. In order to achieve good traction, the structure should be made at least five meters in height.
Two bends are allowed in height, one of which can be at a right angle, and the other at an angle of 45 °. The segments should not be more than a meter. The design must have rigidity, for this it is fixed to the wall at a certain distance.
The umbrella should rise above the ridge 50 cm or more. Do not neglect the installation of additional elements according to the type of moisture accumulator, tip and cleaner.
Brick Chimney Operation
Brick chimney is one of the long-lived, which is especially true with proper care. At the first stage, the design should be commissioned in accordance with all the rules. To do this, the masonry is well dried at a low temperature. After the construction is completed, the stove should be heated several times with a small amount of fuel, which will ensure uniform drying.
During operation, you need to monitor the foundation where the pipe stands. Over time, the foundation may become unusable, which leads to a chimney skew and causes deterioration in draft. If you notice cracks, you need to restore using a concrete-cement mixture. It is recommended that you inspect the pipe from time to time. Safety rules recommend that this be done once a year or more often.
It is necessary to monitor the state of the tip, which is the end of the chimney. Due to the influence of negative factors, this node is quickly destroyed. This may entail consequences expressed in the fact that the protective part of the pipe will cease to fulfill its functions. The smoke channel must be cleaned as it becomes soiled. If the chimney is operated during the summer season, you can clean it every two years. With frequent use of the pipe, soot is cleaned once a year. If properly operated and timely taken care of by a brick chimney, then it will be ready to last up to half a century, without requiring major repairs.
Features of the operation of steel chimneys
The operation of a metal pipe is a little simpler than tracking the correct operation of a brick structure. The equipment will work correctly, but for this you must follow some rules. So, about three times a year, it is necessary to check whether the connections are tight. This procedure is especially important before starting to use the heater and starting periodic use. Do not allow the chimney to overheat, which can cause metal deformation. Cleaning should be done every three years, which will depend on the intensity of use.
Steel chimneys are ready to last 20 years, but their main difference is unpretentiousness. And they are cheap and quite easy to install. Proper operation of the pipes is the key to the durability of the device and its reliability. But if you clean and repair equipment in a timely manner, this will help improve traction.
Finally
The dimensions of the sandwich chimneys are now known to you. They are selected taking into account the parameters of the heater. This also applies to smoke exhaust pipes from all other materials. But it is important to take into account the fact that the product should not be overloaded with bends and turns, as this will certainly reduce traction and make the heater not so safe during operation.