The technical scheme of welding operations may contain a separate paragraph on the direction of thermal exposure. Typical manual and arc techniques to varying degrees allow the use of inclined welding methods. The problem is that, on a vertical surface, the melt naturally drains, complicating the work process. But how to cook ceiling seams, which are completely turned down to the flooring? After all, the melt will drip, in principle not allowing a high-quality operation to be performed. In this case, there are some tricks that have been successfully applied in practice.
What equipment is used?
The equipment is used standard, but high quality. This may be a typical combination of a generator, a converter, and in some cases a semi-automatic electrode wire holder. The basis of the technical base can be formed by an inverter with suitable characteristics in terms of current strength, voltage ranges and functionality. Specific indicators are determined by the requirements for the connection and the properties of the target workpiece. How to cook the ceiling seam inverter? Next, the optimal conditions of the working process will be considered, but at this stage it is necessary to prepare the equipment and take into account that the current supply mode should preferably be pulsed. At the same time, difficulties can logically arise when working with thick structures, since for ceiling welding medium electrodes of 2-4 mm are recommended, but no more. Like semi-automatic welding, large-format electrodes are used mainly by professionals in the implementation of large-scale projects.
General welding tips
Ceiling joints require a higher current than with the vertical and horizontal direction of the arc. The electrode tilts relative to the surface of the workpiece at an angle of about 80-90 °. Flowing slag will not cause problems when leaning forward, which will allow the formation of recessed rollers. How to cook ceiling joints to ensure full control of the arc? Firstly, it should be short. This will facilitate both the ignition process and the further control of welding. Secondly, the length of the arc is best controlled if the joining is done “by itself” with an inclination relative to the edges of the workpiece.
The size and shape of the roller may vary depending on the material and the parameters of the seam. On the one hand, it is necessary to have time to form its volume while the melt is also in a controlled state, and on the other hand, the high speed of electrode manipulation can adversely affect the accuracy of welding. The best way to control the electrode is by the “ladder” technique. This means that the width of the roller should correspond to approximately two or three diameters of the electrode together with its coating. This ratio will allow more effective control of molten metal.
Fusion
It has already been noted that current indicators in the case of ceiling joints are different from conventional welding methods. If it is not possible to apply current in a high range, then narrow electrodes of 1-2 mm can be used. This will allow the formation of small seams with minimal energy costs. How to cook electric weld ceiling seam with the formation of narrow rollers? The first layer should be optimally placed with a width two times the diameter of the electrode. That is, the roller will pass along the border of the overlay "on itself" with a width of 2-4 mm. In the future, the rollers become wider from left to right. It is important to foresee the possibility of changing the position of the operator, since each new roller may require surfacing from different sides.
Creating a butt joint
The most crucial stage in the formation of classical joints is the creation of a seam root. It is formed without manipulating the electrodes while providing oscillatory movements using the “ladder” technique. The electrodes can be used with a diameter of 3 mm, and the current can have initial indicators. How to cook ceiling joints at the stage of creating the root rod? It is immediately determined whether there should be a provarka from the back. If it is needed, special attention is paid to the quality of the roller by the operator. In its structure there should not be defects like undercuts and suspensions. It is desirable to perform such rollers during the movement of the electrode from one edge to another, lingering on each of them. In the future, the resulting root seam will not require additional treatments on different sides with sampling. Having completed the basic cleaning from splashes of the melt and slag, it will be possible to begin the formation of a second roller.
Section Area Fill
Starting from the second to the last layer of the roller, welding is performed with a 3 mm electrode at medium or maximum currents. When performing the second and third rollers, the formation of a “hump” structure should be avoided. This effect is usually manifested with excessive delays at the edges of the rollers. How to cook the ceiling seam so that its design is as smooth as possible? Typically, such tasks are set for joints that should have a concave or normal surface. For ceiling welding, these are particularly difficult tasks. Much will depend on the speed of the electrode with the correct calculation of the delay time. The movements should correspond to the rate of formation of the optimal volume of the rollers, but so that the penetration retains integrity along the entire contour. At the same time, the concavity of the seam can be obtained only when the electrode is tilted forward. The step size is greater than when performing vertical welding.
Provar facial area
An empty roller volume is left for the outer surface. The penultimate roll will be the most responsible, as it will determine the initial structure parameters for the formation of the front side of the seam. Non-completion of cutting is recommended in the range of 1.5-2 mm. How to cook ceiling seams on the front layer? It is advisable to make the passage single, but if the width is large and the workpiece is thick, then several operations may be required. To exclude the formation of a too high seam height, use the method of directing the arc forward. If welding is performed in several passes, then the technique of manipulating the electrodes will have to focus on connecting the tops of the side rollers without sharp transitions - you can perform this part using the ladder method of penetration.
Safety - what to consider?
Working with an inverted weld pool is the most dangerous for both the welder and the surrounding surfaces. Uncontrolled melt can cause serious injury, so it’s important to consider safety precautions in advance. How to cook the ceiling seam by welding to minimize the risks of harm to health? At a minimum, the following rules must be followed:
- Care must be taken to ensure that all wiring is well insulated.
- Operation in wet areas is completely eliminated.
- Work activities in the open air are also prohibited.
- Work should be in overalls with a full dressing, welding mask and gloves.
- The general fire safety rules applicable for welding are respected regardless of the method.
Conclusion
In the professional field of work in difficult conditions, the directions of welding are regular and can be performed on a regular basis. But how to cook the ceiling seam by electric welding to the ordinary home craftsman? Even provided that all recommendations on operating parameters are observed, the lack of experience in manipulating the same electrodes will not immediately rely on a high-quality result. Nevertheless, a series of test penetrations on the workpieces in the same inverted position of the molten bath will help to increase the chances of an even and durable weld.