A document fixing the amount of costs for a construction project is called an estimate. It indicates the wages of workers, as well as various deductions from it, the costs of acquiring materials and components, and much more. Estimated calculations reflect the interests of both the customer and the contractor. The payer's economic interests are aimed at reducing the final cost, but the contractor, on the contrary, is interested in increasing the account.
Compromise Ways
There are various ways in which performers and customers come to a consensus. One of the main ones is the discussion of estimates for the articles. All possible arguments of various parties are taken into account here. The document is open and agreed with each of the interested parties, but the final decision is made by the customer. Another method involves a closed estimate. It is intended to indicate the positions of each of the bidders. The selection is made on a competitive basis, according to the results of which the customer accepts the most advantageous offer for him. The cost of work and the reputation of the contractor are taken into account. The decision can be made at the political level. In this case, the task of estimated calculation is a formal justification. The end result is adjusted to a given cost by a specialist.
Who makes the calculation?
The estimate is carried out by specialists-estimators. They must have a high level of knowledge in this matter, as well as be knowledgeable in the technology of the work. Training for a profession involves several stages. First of all, an acquaintance with the process and its tasks takes place. Then the acquired knowledge is transferred to practice already in the construction itself. And finally, future specialists are studying the pricing procedure. The first stage focuses on the practical side. The basic techniques and types of installation, construction and repair work are considered. But the second has a theoretical character.
Professional education
Estimated business in construction is studied at specialized courses. Teachers focus on the theory, and therefore, on the second point. Applicants learn to understand the mechanism of budgeting, gain knowledge about the coefficients. Over time, the student will begin to understand what figures from which data are taken, as well as what corrections and indices are necessary for a particular case, and what should result in the final result. Training also includes familiarity with the process of pricing in construction. The study of features, principles and key points takes into account all sorts of regulatory frameworks. Great demand for specialists promotes the popularization of training courses.
Construction is quite actively developing, and for those who have passed this kind of training there will always be a workplace. The selection of qualified teaching staff, which owns not only the
theoretical basis, but also has practical experience, is very important. After all, it is very difficult to talk about something that I have never encountered. Some points in the theory are not implied, but the practitioner can give additional advice, explain the subtleties that the estimated business has. At the end of the training, a state certificate is issued.
Responsibilities
The profession of an estimate engineer requires a responsible attitude. What is the responsibility of a specialist? The main task is to determine the entire cost of construction. Knowledge of calculation standardization, the pricing process is required. The ability to organize all kinds of contests and tenders is also important. In the Charter of the All-Russian Professional Union of Estimators, an estimate engineer is defined as a "specialist in identifying all types of construction work." That is, in addition to basic skills, awareness in accounting is necessary. Secondary professional institutions have not yet developed training programs for future specialists. However, higher technical educational institutions offer to take courses "Estimated business". Upon completion, their students will receive a state certificate. Most of the audience is made up of engineering workers and economists of construction companies. This is due to the requirement of experience in this field.
But any discipline, including estimated business in construction, involves receiving additional education. Acquired knowledge will not be enough for the full development of the profession. For this, you can use all kinds of tutorials.
Gaining additional knowledge
Working with the calculation, you must be able to assess the cost of labor. This is the basis for the initial stages of all types of construction and installation works. The main component is the calculated part. It contains complete information about the cost of construction. This includes the initial price of building materials, their transportation, storage, etc.
Help in the calculation
Studying the design and budgeting business, the student may encounter a number of difficulties due to insufficient information. Most often in the work they use the equipment description, drawings and the main components of the structure. The source of additional information can be computer programs developed for this, as well as estimated normative reference books, which contain information on prices and rates.
Training periodization
The most affordable way with which you can master the budget business is additional education. Most often, the program of teaching aids is divided into three stages. These include:
- Basics of budgeting. General familiarization with tasks and responsibilities.
- Studying the rules and features in the estimated calculation.
- Estimated business and pricing in the Russian Federation.
The entire course is presented in an understandable form. After the completion of self-training, the basics of the profession of an estimate engineer will be obtained. Thus, a novice specialist will be able to study all the subtleties of discipline.
Literature
Courses are far from the only opportunity to study budgeting. A tutorial on the discipline will also help to master the profession. Below is a list of the most frequently used Russian publications. Studying this material will help a beginner answer many of his questions, and will provide an opportunity to master the basis.
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- "A self-instruction manual on estimated business in construction" (author - V. D. Ardzinov). This manual can be recommended not only to novice professionals. The book will come to the aid of students of construction departments and courses. It is compiled in accordance with modern qualification requirements. The manual contains a fairly extensive material describing the estimated business in construction. The tutorial will introduce you to the discipline, starting from the basics and ending with automated calculation. The theory of value formation and its features are mentioned. The regulatory and methodological framework is attached. with its help, the cost of construction products is determined. When studying the material, special attention is paid to a detailed consideration of the components of the calculations. We also study installation and construction works, the rules for calculating and calculating the volume of operations performed. In addition, examples are given of both self-budgeting and the use of special programs. Each chapter concludes with practical exercises and test questions for self-testing. The author of the publication, V.D. Ardzinov, has been teaching budgeting in construction for quite some time. The self-instruction manual compiled by him is based on lecture material. In addition, the practical experience of training costing engineers in the framework of higher professional education was used. This manual is considered one of the most popular.
- "Fundamentals of budgeting" - written under the direction of N. I. Baranovsky. The training manual meets all modern requirements for the specialty, has a good base for self-training.
- "Reference book of estimated business" (author - A.N. Roy) is written in the style of "question-answer". All theoretical points that may be incomprehensible to beginners are examined using practical examples.
- "Compilation of all types of estimates and pricing" (author - V. D. Ardzinov) . This manual is intended for those who already have basic knowledge of the profession. Overview of practical examples in accordance with different types of work.
- "A self- study guide on construction budgeting " was written under the guidance of A. Shlyachkov. Suitable for those who are just starting to get acquainted with the discipline. The content of the textbook includes theoretical points that make up the estimated business, their practical solutions, as well as various applications.