The death of a close relative is always a big tragedy. And if he was also the breadwinner, then, among other things, the possibility of obtaining means of subsistence is lost. In this regard, the state assumes the protection of the dependents of the deceased and pays them monetary compensation. About what the minimum pension for the loss of a breadwinner is paid in the current year, as well as about the features of its accrual and other nuances, are mentioned in the article. The specific amount of payments depends on various factors and is set directly by the state.
Types of Pensions
Payment in connection with the loss of a breadwinner happens:
Disabled citizens who are members of the family of military personnel and astronauts who died during the performance of their duties can count on a state pension.
The insurance payment is assigned to those who were on the material support of the deceased, if the latter has accumulated sufficient experience for this. However, if a person was involved in the death of a breadwinner, then insurance payments to him will no longer be charged. However, in this case, the dependent may receive only a social pension.
Social benefits are also accrued in the absence of a minimum length of service for the deceased.
Accrual Features
Each type of pension has its own characteristics.
The insurance payment helps to provide livelihoods for disabled people who have lost the main source of financial support. The same pension is accrued to citizens who have reached the age of access to a well-deserved rest by law, as well as to people with disabilities who have worked for any period of time.
The survivor's pension in 2018 is calculated on the basis of insurance contributions made by the employer of the deceased, as well as the pension points accumulated by him. These indicators are added if the child has lost both parents. Orphans are sent to an orphanage or taken under guardianship or guardianship, and at the same time, the corresponding pension is retained.
Insurance payments are calculated as follows:
- Automatically for minors.
- Minimum pensions sufficient to meet basic needs.
- In some cases, the widow is paid after her second marriage.
A social pension is accrued every month, and only for the period during which a citizen is disabled. This payment does not depend on what contributions were transferred to the FIU. It is formed on the basis of the state budget for the current year.
Who can qualify for retirement?
Recipients of a survivor's pension are certain categories of persons prescribed by law. In 2018, this right applies to:
- Children under the age of majority who are close relatives of the deceased (grandchildren, sisters or brothers and, of course, their own children).
- Persons under 23 years of age who are studying in full-time educational institutions are students.
- Adult children can apply for a survivor's pension if they have received a disability under 18 years of age.
- Parents or guardians of the deceased, retired or disabled.
State payment is allocated for the following categories of persons:
- Both minors and parents on the same conditions that are provided for an insurance pension.
- Grandparents caring for children under the age of fourteen (regardless of seniority).
- The widows of the military, who died in the performance of duty (upon reaching women retirement age and subject to non-remarriage).
The survivor's pension is accrued to family members of those who died in the Chernobyl accident, namely:
- A widow caring for a child under 14 years old, regardless of the presence or absence of her seniority.
- A widow upon reaching retirement age, no matter how much time elapses after the death of her husband.
- To parents.
The period for which the payment is issued lasts differently depending on the category of persons, namely:
- Children, grandchildren, sisters and brothers under the age of majority or up to 23 years of age with full-time study.
- Close relatives of adulthood, if they are disabled and have documentary evidence of this fact.
- Disabled childhood for life.
- Widows, parents, and grandparents of retirement age for life.
Terms of receipt
The appointment of a survivor's pension is based on a decision made after the death of the breadwinner, if this fact is documented (a death certificate or a court decision recognizing a person as missing). In addition, the applicant for material support must prove that he was dependent on the breadwinner. This does not need to be done if the payment is intended for minors.
In addition, it is necessary to present a document confirming the permanent actual residence in Russia. Compliance with these conditions gives the right to receive financial support from the state.
Transfer Methods
The survivor's pension can be transferred to the bank account or card of the recipient. The payment is transferred by the territorial branch of the fund on the day the finances are received. No commission is charged on these funds.
Payments can be transferred to the post office where the pensioner is registered. You can also order home delivery of pensions on a convenient schedule. Having chosen the most suitable method, the pensioner must notify the FIU. This can be done via electronic communication via the Internet (on the website of the State Service) or directly in the application when submitting documents.
The payment intended for the child is transferred to the account of the parent or adoptive parent. But, starting from the age of 14, the child has the right to receive monetary compensation on his own.
Documents
To receive a pension, you need to prepare a whole package of documents. These include the following:
- Identification.
- Certificate of death of the breadwinner or a court decision on recognition of missing persons.
- Birth certificate of children.
- On adoption or guardianship.
- About marriage or its dissolution.
- Certificate from the university on the passage of full-time studies.
Terms of circulation
After the documents have been accepted by the FIU employee, they are checked and the application is considered within ten days. After this period, a pension is issued in the event of the loss of the breadwinner. If additional documents are required, then the applicant is given 3 months to convey them. If the FIU was contacted within a period not exceeding 1 year from the day of the death of the breadwinner, then payment shall be charged from this date.
Social and state payments are transferred from the 1st day of the month when the documents were submitted. Naturally, this may not be earlier than the appearance of the corresponding rights, that is, the death of the breadwinner. An applicant who has reached retirement age, this compensation is paid indefinitely.
Decor
The survivor's pension in 2018 will begin to be paid on the basis of an application submitted to the PFR office at the place of registration (temporary or permanent). On behalf of minors, their legal representatives appear: parent, guardian or adoptive parent. You can apply as follows:
- In electronic form on the website of the State Service.
- At the MFC.
- By proxy certified by a notary and provided by a representative.
- By sending a letter by mail.
- When visiting the department of the fund in person.
Payout amount
The formation and payment of a pension is carried out in certain time periods, depending on its type and specific circumstances relating to the deceased breadwinner and the recipient. Despite the initial determination of the pension for the loss of the breadwinner, over time, depending on the economic situation, as well as the length of service of the breadwinner, the amount may decrease or, conversely, increase.
Indexing
People who are faced with a similar situation may be interested in the question of what is now the minimum survivor's pension established and how payments were indexed in the current year. Insurance benefits increased in February, while state and social benefits increased by 3.7% in April. For internal affairs employees, indexation will also be 3.7%, although previously it was calculated on the basis of 5.8%. These data with specific amounts are most conveniently displayed in the following table.
Type of pension | Size at the beginning of the year | Size after indexing |
Insurance | The amount depends on the length of service of the deceased, to which a fixed payment of 2,279 rubles is added. | From February 1, the amount increased and amounted to 2498 rubles. |
Social | Before indexation, compensation was paid in the amount of 5034 rubles, and in the case of the death of two parents or a mother with a single status, the amount is doubled | From April 1, compensation began to be paid in the amount of 7586 rubles, but with the loss of two parents or a mother with a single status, the amount increased to 10 472 rubles. |
State due to the death of the military | In case of death due to the disease, the allowance had the size of 7551 rubles, and in case of death due to injuries in the service - 10 068 rubles. | Since April 1, the payment in the first case was 7830 rubles, and in the second - 10 440 rubles. |
Due to the death of an employee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs | The size in this case is the same as with the death of the military, namely - 7551 rubles. and 10 068 rubles. respectively | Since April 1, payments increased and amounted to 7830 rubles. and 10 440 rubles. |
Co-payments
A pensioner whose security is less than the subsistence level (in short, PM) established in the region is provided with a minimum pension for the loss of a breadwinner, equal to the subsistence minimum. In other words, an extra charge is made to this level. It can be allocated from the regional or federal budget.
If the subsistence level has increased only slightly, then the surcharge is charged by the social protection authority. The corresponding amounts are received from the federal budget if the payment is below the level established in the country. For able-bodied citizens who receive pensions, the minimum pension is paid up to the level of the average salary.
Will they pay if you get a job
It was said above that social benefits are accrued for the purpose of providing material support to relatives who were left without a breadwinner. That is, it is assumed that they themselves cannot support themselves. This is also stated in the law on state provision of pensions No. 166- dated December 15, 2001. According to Art. 11 of this law, social benefits are assigned only to disabled citizens.
Moreover, if a citizen who has reached retirement age gets a job, he will lose this pension. The pensioner must contact the FIU himself and inform about his employment so that in the future the payment will be stopped.
Popular questions and answers
Question No. 1. Is it possible to count on the fact that the minimum pension for the loss of a breadwinner will continue if you get a job?
Answer. Law No. 166-FZ clearly states that payment will cease upon the employment of the recipient. However, this applies only to citizens who have reached retirement age. Consequently, a social pension will continue to be paid if the recipient is not an old-age pensioner. But surcharges to the cost of living will no longer be provided.
Question No. 2. If a minimum survivor’s pension is assigned to a child who plans to enter a foreign university, will the payment of benefits continue until 23 years old?
Answer. An adult child in this case does not lose the right to a pension. To do this, you need to get a certificate, translate it into Russian, attest to a notary office and present it to the fund at the place of registration.
Question No. 3. The young man received a payment taking into account the increased coefficient (since he lived in the territory equivalent to the Far North). After graduation, he entered a university in the suburbs and did not provide a certificate, because of which the payment of a pension was suspended. After providing them with a certificate, they began to transfer the payment again, but in a reduced amount. This was explained by the fact that the northern coefficient is no longer taken into account in the calculation, since the child lives in the suburbs. Are such actions legitimate?
Answer. Yes, they are. A change in the amount of the pension due to relocation is legal, since the pension is assigned not taking into account the permanent residence, but taking into account the actual residence of the recipient. The minimum survivor's pension in the suburbs is calculated without taking into account the increased coefficient. Since the young man is studying full-time, it means that he also actually lives in the suburbs. Consequently, the right to an increased coefficient is lost to them.
Question No. 4. Is it possible to issue a social payment instead of an insurance one if the breadwinner had a short experience and, in the recipient's opinion, the social pension will be higher than the insurance one? And if so, will there be a recalculation of the pension payment for the past period in this case?
Answer. You can apply to the FIU with a request to change the type of payment. However, recalculations for the past months will no longer be done.
Conclusion
The state guarantees financial support to persons left without a breadwinner. For this purpose, the following types of pensions are paid: insurance, social or state. It can have different sizes and accrued for life or for a certain period. But the minimum survivor's pension should be set in an amount not less than the PM. If the calculation results in an amount that is less than this indicator, then an additional payment is made from the federal or regional budget.