Today, many are interested in who is entitled to a social pension and what documents must be submitted in order for it to be accrued. It is immediately worth noting that not everyone has the right to receive such payments. Social security is granted to citizens of the Russian Federation only in certain cases. Such collateral is monthly payments to help vulnerable populations, as they have no other source of income.
What does social pension mean?
Social security by the state is a material payment to citizens who are legally incompetent or have absolutely no insurance experience. The purpose of such payments is to help those who do not have a source of income. Funds paid to social pensioners are taken from the state budget and are not related to insurance premiums, which is the main difference from insurance pension coverage. The main thing is that there are special laws that control these payments.
The main law is called “On state pension provision in the Russian Federation”. In no case should you confuse a social pension with an insurance one. Each of these types of payments is aimed at compensating for earnings - this is the only similarity between them. Insurance payments directly depend on how much a person has worked and accumulated with the help of contributions that he has been making for a long time, but social security does not depend on it.
Reasons for getting help
Let us consider in detail who is entitled to a social pension? Based on the Federal Law, several types of pensions are distinguished:
- By old age. Such payments are due to persons who have reached a certain age, as well as to those who are not only citizens of Russia. In some cases, stateless people can receive payments. People of the Far North also belong to a special category.
- Social security can be obtained by underage children who have lost one or both parents at once, in which case it is paid as if by loss of a breadwinner.
- The last category in this list includes persons with disabilities of groups 1, 2, and 3, as well as children who have a congenital or acquired disability.
It is definitely difficult to answer the question of how many years a social pension is due, as well as the size of these payments, because they can be indexed annually. Such a material support system is sometimes assigned for a certain period, except in cases where payments are made according to old age, since nothing can change here. In the case of a pension for the disabled, a person may be recognized as such for a while, after which recovery occurs. If a citizen became disabled until the end of his life, then monthly payments are assigned indefinitely. The survivor's pension is granted to the child until he reaches the age of 23, but only if he is studying full-time in an educational institution.
Legal grounds for the payment of pensions to persons with disabilities and orphans
According to article 11 of the Federal Law, people with disabilities of all groups, as well as children who have a disability or are born with disabilities, are entitled to a state pension. It should be noted that retirement benefits can only be obtained if the attorney has the right to this type of payment, that is, it will be necessary to prove everything with documents. In this case, a medical report is sufficient. Features of obtaining a pension for people with disabilities are as follows: a person can receive social benefits provided that he does not have insurance experience, if there is at least one day of work, then insurance coverage can be assigned.
The state pays special attention to children. Consider who is entitled to a social pension in this case. According to the law, children are granted a pension not only if they are disabled, but also by the loss of a breadwinner. If the child has lost legal capacity at birth or before reaching the age of 18, then he is considered an invalid. In the case of loss of the breadwinner, children are assigned payments if they are left without one or two parents. Social benefits are assigned to them when the deceased mother or father did not have a single day of experience, but if he does exist, then insurance coverage is paid.
The right to a social old-age pension
Let us consider in detail who receives a social old-age pension. The main condition for receiving such payments will be incapacity when men reach the age of 65 and women - 60. The law states that the following categories of citizens have the right to security:
- Citizens of Russia who have reached a certain age.
- Pensions can also be received by foreigners who have lived in Russia for at least 15 years and have reached the appropriate age.
Many pensioners are wondering if social pension is applicable to working pensioners. In this case, the answer will be negative, since during the course of employment, citizens are insured in the OPS system.
How are social payments made in the Far North
Particular attention in Russia is paid to citizens of the Far North who do not have insurance experience. To assign them a social pension, the following conditions are taken into account:
- Must have permanent residence in the area.
- Men should be 55 years old at the time of assignment of payments, and women - 50.
The small peoples of the North must live in these places. These include the Eskimos, Chukchi and Kereks. It is worth noting that with regard to the size of payments, they are indexed every year, this is due to the level of inflation. When wondering if a social supplement is required for a pension if the cost of living is higher than the amount of material assistance, the answer is yes, yes. But it is worth remembering that if a resident of the Far North went abroad the northern territories, then this coefficient of surcharges is canceled.
Features and requirements for social benefits
In order to receive a social pension, some points must be taken into account. First of all, a person should live permanently in Russia. If a pensioner migrates and his citizenship is retained, payments will be suspended. Of course, there are exceptions, but they must be consistent with the law and international treaty. The innovation can be considered the changes made during the pension reform. According to them, a person who is not a citizen of the Russian Federation, but lives on its territory and has reached a certain age, can count on social security in old age.
Based on the consideration of the issue of who is entitled to a social old-age pension, it is worth noting that working citizens cannot rely on such payments, since they receive insurance coverage. More on this is written in the law "On Compulsory Pension Insurance in Russia".
How is the procedure of social charges
To make social payments, citizens must submit the following documents:
- Passport or other important paper that will be considered suitable for identification.
- A statement written by one’s own hand or on behalf of a person who is considered a charge d'affaires.
- Documents indicating circumstances that may vary for different categories of recipients.
If a citizen fits this category who is entitled to a social pension in Russia, then he should collect all the papers and submit at any time to the pension fund at the place of residence. It is important to remember that payments begin on the first day and then are made monthly for a specified period. The recipient has the full right to choose the organization that will pay the pension, for example, it can be a post office, a bank branch or any other government organization involved in the delivery of such payments. If a person is not able to go independently to receive financial assistance to the organization, then you can draw up a power of attorney certified by a notary to close people.
Social benefits and co-payments
Along with the right to social benefits, it is worth considering the question of who is entitled to a set of social services for retirement. The legislation of Russia has a whole list of similar services that can provide social support to unprotected citizens:
- First of all, some medications are provided, which are issued only by prescription. For example, it can be specialized medical nutrition products that are needed for children with disabilities.
- If there are medical indications, then sometimes in the state free vouchers for sanatorium treatment are allocated, in which a person can stay 18 or 21 days. Disabled persons with injuries to the spinal cord or brain may be in such facilities for up to 42 days.
- Free travel in rail.
Let us dwell in more detail on the question of who is entitled to a set of social services for retirement, if they left it in old age. It should be noted that not all citizens can receive such a set of services, since this still requires obtaining additional preferential status. First of all, beneficiaries may include:
- Participants of the Second World War.
- Military personnel who served in military units, but were not part of the army.
- Pensioners bearing the sign “Resident of the besieged Leningrad”.
- Family members of deceased disabled war veterans or participants in the Second World War.
- Disabled people of absolutely all groups.
To get a set of services, you should contact the territorial office of the Pension Fund and submit the relevant documents. Another rather sensitive issue remains: is a social supplement for pensions for citizens who have to survive for an amount less than the subsistence level? In fact, such surcharges are provided by the state, but for their accrual you should write a statement, since the pension will not be automatically recalculated. It is important to remember that for each region there is a living wage, so the calculations are made in an individual form.
For example, given the fact that the cost of living throughout Russia is an average of 8725 rubles, a person who receives social benefits less than this norm may apply to a pension fund to recalculate it and pay extra. Consider the option of calculating co-payments and social benefits. If the pension is 10,000, how much extra payments are due, it is easy to calculate, basically this amount will not be high. On average, it is up to 1000 rubles.
How is a social pension paid in Moscow?
The size of payments for people who have reached a certain age is of considerable importance, in addition, citizens who do not have insurance experience pay considerable attention to this issue. Each year, the amount of social pensions increases, this is due to the fact that the subsistence level is also growing. Consider who is entitled to a social pension in Moscow? Pension reform involves raising pensions in several stages, so pensioners who do not work will be able to receive a bonus, but those citizens who continue to work will not receive anything, this applies to social benefits.
Moscow pensioners who receive a minimum monthly payment should know that it cannot be lower than the minimum living wage throughout the country. It should be noted that Muscovites have long received a social pension that is more than 11,500 rubles, but in other regions additional social payments are made if the pension is 10,000. How much surcharges are allowed is calculated at the regional level, based on the calculation of the cost of living, which valid in that area. As a rule, the subsistence minimum of the region and the minimum pension are taken for calculations. The difference that is formed is paid to the pensioner. Citizens of Russia who have lived and registered in this region for at least ten years will be able to get it in Moscow.
Surcharges and benefits for pensioners in the capital
It should be noted that in Moscow the supplement to the pension from the city budget is necessary in order to bring the amount of payments to social standards, which are considered generally accepted for Moscow. Find out who is entitled to the Moscow social pension payment:
- Non-working pensioners can count on such surcharges.
- Certain categories of citizens who still continue to work.
- Disabled people of different groups as provided by law.
- Residents registered in Moscow and have been living in this region for at least ten years.
In addition, in Moscow there are not only citizens who are entitled to social benefits for retirement, but also those who can enjoy certain benefits.
- Social pensioners primarily receive vouchers for spa treatment without payment.
- If there is a certificate, then you can get benefits for the repair of dentures and their manufacture. This may include costs for cermets and other materials that a pensioner wants to use.
- Persons with disabilities, participants in the Second World War and internal affairs workers may receive a small compensation for telephone calls by landline telephone.
- If a pensioner has vision problems and a doctor’s certificate, he may not pay for broadcasting services and telephone calls.
- Pensioners living alone may not pay for household waste.
- When there are dependents in the care of a pensioner, he receives compensation from the state for using a landline telephone.
- Sometimes a citizen who reaches retirement age remains in difficult life situations. In this case, the state helps him, gives out food, clean clothes and hygiene products.
- Citizens who are over 80 may not pay for major repairs.
Some benefits were canceled in connection with the pension reform, for example, travel in public transport for pensioners has become the same as for ordinary people.
Some changes are expected in 2019, so those who will be eligible for a social old-age pension and other categories should know that higher payments are expected. The draft budget was drawn up in order to lay funds for indexing pensions by 2.4%. Also, pension reform provides that social security will increase each subsequent year, and in 2020 it will be 3.9%, and in 2021 - 2.7%.
Almost all categories of citizens who are entitled to social benefits will receive additional payments, the same applies to citizens of the Far North. Their pensions will be increased taking into account the corresponding regional coefficient. The increased pension will be paid during the whole time, while the pensioner will be in the Far North, when moving to another place of residence, payments should be recounted.
Having examined in detail the question of who is entitled to a social pension and how exactly it is paid, it can be concluded that its level in Russia is not high enough, and many people cannot provide themselves with decent living with the money received. But the ongoing pension reform gives every chance that payments will be constantly increased, the list of social benefits will be expanded, this will help make life easier for pensioners.
If money for survival is sorely lacking, then there is a need to contact the Pension Fund, where they can recalculate the size of the pension and make certain surcharges, and there will also help determine additional benefits that can be applied to the citizen. The state is trying in every possible way to cover the unprotected layers of the population in order to provide them with a decent living in Russia, which is why the reform was necessary with all the ensuing consequences for all pensioners. The article examined in detail who is entitled to a social pension.