The design of buildings for various purposes is based on developed building standards and certain standards. Engineering communications networks, as well as openings for windows and doors must comply with the approved standards.
They are not invented to complicate life. These data were obtained by summarizing experience and research. Standard window sizes are no exception.
Why you need a sample size
The use of standard sizes in the construction of your own home is very desirable. After all, the GOST of window openings is designed in such a way as to ensure a sufficient level of illumination of the rooms and at the same time maintain heat in the cold season. In addition, most enterprises produce window frames with double-glazed windows of standard sizes. When ordering a custom window, you will have to pay extra.
When choosing the size of the window into the room, several characteristic parameters are taken into account:
- Type of glass. If you want to arrange the room with tinted windows, you need to plan a larger window opening. This means that windows will have an area larger than windows that have transparent glass. The size of the frame is 3 cm smaller than the size of the window opening.
- Geographic latitude. For areas south of the forty-fifth parallel, a calculated coefficient of 0.75 is applied. Typical window sizes are 25% smaller than standard. In areas located north of sixtieth latitude, the coefficient is 1.2. Increase by 20% all standard window dimensions.
- The area of the room. For effective lighting, the ratio of the area of all windows of the room to the floor area is from 1/8 to 1/5.
- Type of building. For residential, office, training and other premises their own lighting standards have been developed.
The standard window sizes depend on the specific type of house, as well as the materials used for construction. A huge number of building projects have been developed. All of them are divided into several general groups.
Old foundation
It includes houses built before the revolution, at the dawn of the 20th century or earlier. Features of the buildings of the old fund:
- thick brick walls;
- spacious rooms with long corridors;
- ceilings with a height of three meters;
- high windows.
In such structures, window openings are both narrow and wide enough.
Window type | Standard sizes of windows in the house |
Single leaf | 1,150 × 1,900 mm 850 × 1,150 mm |
Bivalve | 1,150 × 1,900 mm 1,300 × 2,200 mm 1,500 × 1,900 mm |
Tricuspid | 2,400 × 2,100 mm |
Houses of the Stalin period
Buildings erected from the 30s to the 60s of the 20th century are often very attractive in appearance. Features of Stalinok:
- strict architecture;
- ceilings up to five meters high;
- large rooms, spacious kitchens.
These houses were built of red brick. Granite cladding or plastering was done outside. At this time, the buildings were decorated with stucco, trimmed with bas-reliefs. Because of the rooms, a large area of single-leaf windows was not.
Window type | Width and height of the standard window |
Bivalve | 1,150 × 1,950 mm 1,500 × 1,900 mm |
Tricuspid | 1 700 × 1 900 mm |
Khrushchev
This name was given to typical houses built from the 50s to the 85th years of the 20th century. The appearance of the Khrushchevs is familiar to everyone: flat roofs, no facade decorations.
Characterized by:
- constructed of panels or silicate brick;
- have 3 to 5 floors;
- ceiling height - 2.3 - 2.5 m;
- poor sound insulation;
- small rooms and kitchen.
| Building material | Window type | The size of the standard window in the apartment |
Brick, window sills wide | Bivalve Tricuspid | 1,450 × 1,500 mm 2,040 × 1,500 mm |
| Concrete panels, narrow window sills | Bivalve Tricuspid | 1,300 × 1,350 mm 2,040 × 1,350 mm |
Brezhnevka
So called apartments with improved layout, which were built from the mid 60's to the end of the 80s of the XX century. Features:
- more spacious kitchens and rooms in comparison with the Khrushchev;
- have from 5 to 9 floors;
- landscaped with elevators, garbage chutes.
Several series of houses with an improved layout have been designed. The standard sizes of window openings are different in each series. There is a catalog of descriptions of typical houses. Many series are in demand today.
House Design Series | Window type | Standard window sizes |
No. 602 | Bivalve Tricuspid | 1,450 × 1,210 mm 2 100 × 1 450 mm |
No. 606 | Bivalve Tricuspid | 1,450 × 1,410 mm 1,700 × 1,410 mm |
Number 600 | Tricuspid | 2,380 × 1,130 mm 2 380 × 1 420 mm 2 690 × 1 420 mm |
Typical new buildings
Modern new buildings are diverse. There are more than 40 design series of such houses.
Standard window sizes for each series are individual.
House Design Series | Double window | Tricuspid window |
No. 504 | 1,450 × 1,410 mm | 1,700 × 1,410 mm |
Number 137 | 1,150 × 1,420 mm | 1,700 × 1,420 mm |
No. 504D | 1,420 × 1,100 mm | 1 420 × 2 030 mm |
No. 505 | 1 4100 × 1 450 mm | 1,410 × 2,030 mm |
No. 600.11 | 1,410 × 1,450 mm | 1,410 × 2,050 mm |
Relativity of standards
Window manufacturers allow a slight deviation of the linear dimensions from the design documentation in the manufacturing technology. Within tolerance limits, deviations of + 2mm / −1mm are considered.
The “width / height” ratio, tested by experience and long-term operation, allows us to guarantee the reliability of window structures.
You can not arbitrarily increase the windows, achieving greater illumination. This leads to deformation of the frame, its breakdown. Structural mechanisms or parts are damaged. The standard window sizes for a particular building are calculated taking into account its purpose, location and size.
It must be borne in mind that the standards currently used in construction are somewhat relative.
PVC windows
On the modern construction market, windows are most in demand, the frames of which are made of plastic. Initially, they were mass-produced for installation in panel houses. Plastic windows were produced in standard sizes: 1,200 x 1,200 mm and 1,300 x 1,400 mm.
Today, there are single-leaf, two-leaf and three-leaf plastic windows.
Since the parameters of the openings are different depending on the type of building, PVC windows are easy to produce to the desired size.
Modern technologies make it possible to produce window structures not only in almost any size, but also in shape. Of course, there are some design features that should not be neglected:
- if the sash is rotary, its height is planned several times greater than the width;
- if a folding mechanism is provided, it is advisable to choose a width greater than the height;
- the size of the double-glazed window is recommended no more than 1,000 mm2, otherwise the risk of breaking it increases.
PVC window manufacturers joke that custom windows have now become the standard. To make a structure for an unusual opening, you need a separate development of drawings and careful adherence to dimensions. Therefore, when ordering individually, you need to consider that this will cost significantly more compared to standard-sized plastic windows.
Tricuspid window
Its design consists of two fairly narrow side flaps with a wide section between them. In the standard version, the central part is blind.
To determine the dimensions of the new tricuspid window, measure the width of the opening between the external slopes. Then you need to measure the height of the future window: the distance from the upper jumper of the opening to low tide. Standard sizes of a three-leaved window:
Design | Height mm | Width mm |
Window hole | 1,200; 1,350; 1,500 | 1,800; 2 100 |
Window | 1,170; 1320; 1470 | 1,170; 2,070 |
In modern multi-story buildings, tricuspid windows with a size of 2,050 x 1,400 mm are most often installed. Of course, you can order production for individual construction.
Windows in a private house
When building their own home, the owner can choose the standard window sizes or focus on personal preferences.
Most often, in individual construction, the installation of several windows in one room is used. It’s more economical to use standard size double-leaf windows. The projects of country houses of many construction companies are oriented towards this.
How to determine how many openings in the room to install windows? It is necessary to calculate the area of the facade, as well as the floor area of the entire room. It is accepted that it is possible to achieve the best illumination of living rooms if you achieve that the total area of the windows is 12 - 18% of the floor area. At the same time, it should not exceed 25% of the facade area.
One has to wonder what side windows should be placed in the construction of an individual country house. Based on the principles of energy conservation, designers advise placing windows mostly on the south and west sides of the house. Here, the sun's rays will provide maximum natural light, and heat loss through the windows will be minimal. Of course, windows are also needed on the north or east side. But they can be done not so much that the total glazing area is smaller.
Wood Window Standards
In buildings of modern urban architecture they design windows that are diverse in style, design and configuration. Demand for spacious country houses, where large-area glazing systems are arranged, is increasing. They use hidden support profiles and reinforcing partitions. Owners of prestigious suburban real estate prefer wooden frames with energy-efficient double-glazed windows.
The main task in the design of such structures is to maintain a balance of the dimensions of wooden windows with building proportions. The correct ratio ensures the strength of such a structural element. Wooden models are significantly heavier than plastic or aluminum windows. To install windows made of glued natural timber, the size of the supporting area must be maintained. And also provides sufficient strength of the building material that falls under load.
Dimensions of wooden windows in a residential building are selected for the designed forms of construction, the dimensions of the openings. Proper calculation of the installation helps to achieve the best level of illumination, optimize heat loss.
The selection of the type of glazing takes into account the number of floors of the building, its orientation to the cardinal points, the building wall materials used and some additional characteristics. The common proportions of choosing the area of glazing to the area of the premises are 1/8 - 1/10.
Designers recommend installing wooden windows at a height of one meter from the floor.
The standard sizes of wooden windows are offered on the construction market:
Window type | Height mm | Width mm |
Single leaf | 400 - 1,470 | 400 - 870 |
Bivalve | 1 117 - 1 470 | 870 - 1 470 |
Tricuspid | 1 170 - 1 470 | 1,770 - 2,070 |
The specified data can be used for approximate calculations of the cost of windows of an apartment, house. Quite often, the sizes of the windows of even one house do not coincide with the standard ones of ten to fifteen centimeters. This is usually found in panel Khrushchev. Therefore, to calculate the exact price of a new window, it is still more reliable to use the experience of the measurer. Many window companies will provide this service for free.