Ah, rose, rose! Queen among the flowers! If suddenly someone says that he does not like roses, he should not be trusted in any case, because this hypothetical "someone" is just cunning. The Queen is supposed to be capricious, cutesy and fragile, but this opinion is erroneous. Endurance, unpretentiousness and stamina - these are the qualities inherent in royal persons. Even if this person is a flower.
Plant description
It’s good when a person has a garden - a kind of small piece of fragrant paradise, where he can walk, sit on a bench and admire the roses that he himself grew. And if a person does not have paradise? Then he can set up a blooming rose garden right in his window.
A rose is a shrub whose height is also 15 cm, and 2 m, sometimes more, depending on the type of plant and its variety. Shrub shoots are straight or arched, covered with spikes. Leaves are pinnate. The flowers have a double perianth with a large number of stamens and pistils, small (from 1 to 16 cm in diameter) or large, single and collected in inflorescences.
The color of the flowers is diverse to indecent. Here the whole spectrum is covered with its tones and midtones. Flowers are monochromatic, bicolor, and multicolor, and even mixed, painted and striped. Most pink buds have a specific, pleasant, easily recognizable odor, slightly stronger or weaker in strength. The fruits of the bush are also diverse in shape and color.
Features of maintenance and cultivation
Caring for indoor roses will not be too laborious or burdensome, as these plants are not tropical. However, it will be necessary to water after drying the soil, top dressing in the vegetation phase and pruning at the right time. In addition, it is necessary to adhere to the temperature regime and light conditions optimal for the rose. So, the rules for caring for roses in a pot at home are as follows.
Preferences for temperature and humidity
Proper care of indoor roses involves maintaining certain temperatures for these plants. In summer it is from +20 to +25 ° C, but small deviations in one direction or another are quite acceptable. During this period, drying out the soil and overheating in the container is dangerous for roses. In winter, these flowers need a period of rest and coolness with a temperature of +10 to + 15 ° .
With regard to air humidity, proper home care for indoor rose flowers involves moderately humid air. In a too dry room, the rose is susceptible to parasites and needs periodic spraying once every couple of days. In a cool room, it will be enough to arrange a short warm shower to remove dust from the leaves.
However, if it is a sunny day, then we must try so that the water does not fall on the bud in order to avoid its spoilage and fungal diseases.
Required lighting
When caring for indoor roses, it is necessary to remember that these plants, like other flowering plants, are very photophilous. But it is extremely undesirable for them to overheat. Therefore, flower pots should be tried to be placed on the southeastern and western windowsills, and even better, move them to the air, protecting from direct sunlight. If this is not possible, then the pot is better to darken.
So, for a room rose, home care involves providing a bright but diffused light and preventing the root system from overheating.
Optimal soil and container
For a room rose, home care is carried out, inter alia, by selecting the right capacity for planting. Rose bushes can be placed in pots of absolutely any shape and size, with one caveat: the container must be sufficient for the development of the bush and unhindered air circulation in it. When the flower grows too much, it must be transplanted into a large pot.
Ceramic or wooden containers are best for roses, but plastic ones are also acceptable. However, in plastic pots, the earth dries quickly in the summer, for this reason there is less prolonged flowering of buds. Clay containers quickly lose water, and it is better to completely abandon them.
When caring for a room rose at home, you must provide the flower with breathable and moisture-absorbing soil. The optimal soil composition for roses is as follows: 4 parts of turfy soil, 4 parts of humus and 1 part of sand. But in order not to be mistaken, you can buy ready-made soil specifically for roses.
When planting a flower, it is necessary to ensure that the pot has a good drainage system, excess water freely passes through the soil, but the holes on the bottom of the pot are such that moisture does not leave the container too quickly.
Features of care (watering, top dressing, pruning)
Good care of indoor roses requires proper watering, especially during the summer, when the plant is actively developing and blooming. It is necessary to water the rose immediately, as the soil dries out a little, especially in small containers. But to arrange a swamp from the ground is also unacceptable, since it can become sour. Indoor rose care flowers at home require careful attention.
When the plant has ceased to gain color, and this is autumn and winter, it is necessary to immediately reduce watering. When leaving indoor plants, roses for irrigation need to use well-maintained warm water, which is desirable to filter.
It is necessary to feed during budding once every two weeks, in turn changing the applied mineral fertilizers and organics. Top dressing should be used usual for flowering plants, which are dissolved in irrigation water.
It is important to remember that sick plants cannot be fed; in cloudy, especially cold weather, too, it is impossible. Just bought and transplanted to a permanent place of residence for about a month, too, do not feed.
Dry or yellowed leaves, wilted buds that are removed before the first leaf are subject to regular pruning. Another pruning is carried out before winter dormancy, when the stems are shortened to 10 cm, while leaving 4-5 buds on the branch. Cropped branches can be used for propagation.
Breeding methods
When caring for a room rose at home, of all the methods of reproduction, the most acceptable is the cuttings method, which is best carried out from May to September.
To do this, cuttings (almost lignified) with a size of 10-15 cm should be cut off from the faded branch with secateurs and placed in clean and warm water. At the same time, 3 or 5 buds and a couple of leaves should be on the handle. After three weeks, the first roots will hatch. When the root system of the cuttings is sufficiently developed, it should be planted in fertile soil, placed in containers with a size of 200-300 ml.
To make the stem easier to take root in the ground, you can add a growth stimulator. If the stalk was planted in the fall, then the very next year its rapid growth and abundant flowering is possible.
Seasonal care
Proper care of a room rose at different times of the year is different from caring for ordinary flowers growing in open ground.
In spring, when the first leaves and branches appear after a dormant period, the plant should be abundantly watered and fed with mineral fertilizers, bird droppings infusion or mullein. During this period, a rose in room conditions needs special care: it is impossible to allow a lack of moisture or light for the bush. Once every two days, the plant can be sprayed with cool boiled water. When the nights get warm, the rose can be moved to a closed loggia or garden. But gradually accustom to the sun, first setting in a shady corner and only after 10 days you can put a flower under bright rays.
In summer, care comes down to regular watering, top dressing and spraying. It is also necessary to timely remove faded buds and wilted leaves. You also need to make sure that the plant does not get sick.
In autumn, the rose is transferred back to the room, less often watered and gradually feeding is reduced. Before leaving for wintering, the plant is pruned, while leaving 5 buds on the shoots.
In winter, caring for a room rose consists in sparse watering (3 days after the land dries) and even more rare spraying. The flower should overwinter at +15 ... + 17 ° .
Diseases and Pests
All diseases of home roses occur from improper care. For example, too high humidity, poor ventilation, non-compliance with the temperature regime (soil overheating).
From high humidity, the rose is sick with a fungal disease - leaf spot. Pruning of affected leaves and treatment with fungicides will help here. Powdery mildew occurs from frequent temperature changes and is treated in the same way as leaf spotting. For a rose in a pot, the rules for home care will differ from the same plants, but growing in the open ground.
Often roses are attacked by a spider mite. The fight against this scourge will not be easy. First of all, all affected areas are removed, then the plant is washed with a warm shower and treated with acaricides.
Varieties of indoor roses
The genus "rose" belongs to the family Rosaceae and contains about 300 species that grow in a temperate climate. According to the variety of forms, there are about 20 thousand varieties, and cultivated roses are assigned to the numerous sub-species "rose" and have 135 species.
There are more than 250 species of roses grown in apartments, and no one counted the varieties, because there are so many of them. Indoor flowers are also distinguished by a variety of shapes, sizes and colors. They can be bush, standard, climbing and ground cover. It is believed that small roses are bred in China. However, selection was carried out both in Southeast Asia and in Europe.
For growing in apartments suitable undersized varieties of roses. For example: "Bengal rose", "Pixie", "Baby Carnival", "Miniature roses", "Coraline", "Eleanor".
"Miniature Rose"
The room "Miniature Rose" does not require any special care, it does not even need pruning. This variety was obtained by crossing dwarf tea roses and undersized polyants. Bushes are an exact copy of garden roses, only in miniature. The height does not exceed 30 cm. The leaves of the shrub are small, the flowers are collected in inflorescences, they have an unobtrusive pleasant aroma, and the color is very diverse, up to black. "Miniature roses" are distinguished by abundant summer flowering.
"Bengal rose"
Another variety of decorative room care roses that also does not require much is the Bengal Rose. It also does not need pruning, grows fast, blooms profusely, tolerates winter well, even leaves not discarded. Sometimes only dry branches need to be cut off and that’s it. That's just the flowers of this variety have almost no smell, which undoubtedly upsets, but this is its only drawback.
Varieties "Pixie", "Baby Carnival", "Coraline", "Eleanor"
The Pixie variety is frost-resistant, grows up to 20 cm, blooms profusely, with double flowers with a pleasant aroma. Baby Carnival blooms lemon-colored with lush buds and has beautiful leathery leaves. The bushes of the "Elenor" cultivar grow up to 30 cm, they have coral-pink flowers with a diameter of 3 cm in inflorescences of 10-15 pieces with a very weak aroma. A variety of "Coraline" - the highest of the presented (up to 35 cm), characterized by the continuity of flowering coral inflorescences of 5-6 flowers in each and resistance to disease and dead wood.
Indoor Chinese Rose: Home Care
Separately, I would also like to note it is a plant called a rose and grown in apartments and offices. This is an indoor Chinese rose or indoor hibiscus, which is an evergreen shrub or tree and belongs to the genus hibiscus of the family malvaceae. In greenhouses, it grows to three meters, and in apartments up to two.
Its leaves resemble birch. They are serrated along the edges, elongated-oval in shape, dark green in color. The plant has single large flowers from 8 to 14 cm in diameter. Depending on the variety, the buds are simple or double, and the color is white, yellow, red or pink. Each flower blooms only a couple of days. With proper care, the Chinese rose blooms from early spring to late autumn.
Both the bush and the room rose tree need thorough care. The plant loves well-lit places without exposure to direct sunlight. In the warm season, it is better to take it to the street or balcony, protecting it from direct sun and drafts. Comfortable for hibiscus is considered the temperature in summer +18 +25 ° , and in winter up to +15 ° . At lower temperatures, the plant will discard foliage.
The Chinese rose is a big lover of moist air, therefore, it should be periodically sprayed both in summer and in winter. She will also like a warm shower, she will wash off the spider mite and nourish the leaves with moisture. But in no case should water get on the buds, since they will immediately fall. To moisten the air, you can also use the pallet with wet expanded clay or pebbles, but the bottom of the pot should not touch the water.
Watering should take place with the help of settled water at room temperature when the topsoil dries 2-3 cm in depth. It is necessary to feed hibiscus, but only from April to September once every 2 weeks with special fertilizer for flowering plants, or alternate a complex of mineral fertilizers with organic matter. In winter, it is necessary to make top dressing with potassium and phosphorus ¼ of the recommended dose, and only if the plant blooms.
Pruning is carried out in order to increase flowering in the spring before transplanting and before bud formation. At the same time, dried, bare and too elongated branches are removed, while healthy branches are halved. Places of cuts are treated with garden varieties, and the trimmed parts can be used for cuttings.
The pot must be selected a little cramped, because in a spacious vessel, a Chinese rose, busy with foliage, will not bloom. The plant is transplanted once a year (if it is young) and each new pot should be 2-3 cm larger than the old one. After five years of age, the transplant is carried out every 3-4 years. And old plants do not touch, if they are healthy, they only change the top layer of the earth.
Having created a paradise rose garden on your windowsill or balcony, endlessly admiring the beauty of the queen of flowers and breathing in a delicious delicate aroma, can it be possible to succumb, for example, to black thoughts or gloom?