The roof of the house is the upper enclosing structure of the entire building. According to the technological characteristics, a number of functions are assigned to it:
- waterproofing;
- carrier;
- heat insulating.
The top element of the roof is the roof. It protects the building from atmospheric influences.
Design features of the roof of the house are determined at the design stage of the project. Then the necessary roofing material is selected. The design of the roof and its slope depend on climatic and operational conditions. Architectural requirements and the degree of capitalism presented to the building also play a role.
The roof of the house consists of a number of elements. The main ones are:
- inclined planes (slopes);
- rafters;
- crate.
The roof of the house can be designed with an inclination angle of planes greater than ten degrees. In this case, it is classified as pitched. The project includes options with a slight slope of the planes. This angle can be up to two and a half degrees. In this case, the roof is classified as flat. In individual residential buildings, as a rule, pitched roofs are planned .
Projects of houses with a flat roof provide for its use for various purposes. However, it should be borne in mind that this type contributes to the stagnation of water on the roof. This increases the risk of moisture entering the premises.
According to the design characteristics, the roof of the house can be attic and combined (uncracked), and according to the operating conditions it can be operated and not used. The designed type of the upper building envelope is determined depending on its geometric shape and the roofing materials used. In the process of preliminary calculations, wind loads and the estimated weight of the snow floor, as well as the mass of the roofing material used, are taken into account. All these points can affect the stability of the building. It should be remembered that the selection of material from which the roof will be erected is directly dependent on the reliability of the foundation and walls of the structure.
When designing a roof, the dimensions of the house and its planning decision are taken into account. If the dimensions of the building are within six meters in width and length, then there will be no problems with the roof. The task is complicated with a total building area of two hundred square meters. In this case, an accurate calculation of the number of floor and ceiling beams, the thickness of the rafters and the slope angles is necessary.
When performing the roof, you can use various materials. They can be slate and metal profiles, tiles and roofing.
Which type of roof to choose, the designer decides, taking into account the layout of the building. The appearance of the upper supporting structure must be combined with the appearance and design features of the entire structure. Particular attention must be paid to the reliability of the rafter system. This point is important to give strength to the entire structure.
Repair of the roof of the house must be carried out both with the aim of carrying out preventive maintenance, and in case of any problems during its operation. The technology of the events will depend on the type of roofing material, as well as the type of upper building envelope.