The state system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements (GSI ) operates under the control of the federal agency Rostekhregulirovanie. It was created to protect the interests and rights of citizens, the rule of law, and the economic system. The ICG provides protection from the negative consequences of the use of unreliable indicators in various areas of public life.
Normative base
Key legal documents governing the functioning of the State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements:
- GOST R 8.000–2000.
- Constitution of the Russian Federation.
- Federal Law No. 102.
- Government Decision No. 100 of 1994
Certain issues are regulated in other regulatory documents, system standards developed and approved by the Rostekhregulirovanie agency.
The state system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements applies to:
- Federal power structures.
- Legal entity.
The goal of the ICG is the formation of national regulatory, economic, organizational, legal conditions for the implementation of the tasks set by the Rostekhregulirovanie agency and providing economic entities with the opportunity to assess the compliance of measurement results with established standards.
The main provisions of the State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements
The key tasks of the ICG are:
- Conducting research related to the reproduction and transmission of unit indicators.
- Creating systems, formulating concepts, terms of metrology.
The state system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements contributes to:
- Creation and improvement of standards.
- Certification of measurement procedures.
- State control and metrological supervision.
- Accreditation Services.
- Information support for users.
- Organization and conduct of fundamental scientific research to improve the means and methods of measurement, the transfer of their results.
- The establishment of general requirements for standards, techniques, conditions, ensuring the uniformity of measurements.
- Development and examination of sections of state and other programs, including those related to the creation and development of the defense industry.
- Calibration and certification of measuring instruments not included in the list of objects of state control and supervision.
- Organization of training and retraining of metrologists.
The objects
The activities of persons authorized in the field of metrology are carried out in relation to:
- Sets of official units and scales.
- The terminology used in the field of metrology.
- Reproduction and transmission of scale sizes and units.
- Methods and forms of presenting the results obtained during measurements, characteristics of errors.
- Methods for estimating deviations and measurement uncertainties.
- The procedure for the development, approval and certification of methods.
- A set of standardized characteristics of measuring instruments.
- Methods for determining and adjusting calibration intervals.
- Test procedure for the approval of measuring instruments and their certification.
- Rules of metrological supervision and control.
- The procedure for licensing the activities of individuals and organizations for the repair, production, rental, sale of measuring instruments.
- Typical tasks, duties, rights of metrological services subordinate to the executive bodies of state power and legal entities.
- Certification procedure for measuring, calibration, verification, analytical, testing laboratories, non-destructive and radiation control services .
- State verification schemes.
- Measurement Methods.
- Accreditation procedure for metrological organizations and other legal entities and citizens for various types of metrological activities.
- Methods of calibration (verification) of measuring instruments.
- Terms and definitions by type of measurement.
Structure
The State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements includes the subsystems:
- Legal
- Technical
- Organizational.
The technical subsystem is a complex:
- Reference units.
- Standard samples of characteristics and properties of substances.
- Reference, measuring, research, calibration laboratories.
The organizational subsystem of the State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements includes:
- State Metrology Service.
- Other services related to ensuring the uniformity of measurements.
- Metrological bodies of federal structures.
Legal subsystem
It is formed by a set of state acts, regulatory and technical documentation, approved at different levels and regulating metrological norms, requirements, rules, recommendations.
The state system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements includes documents establishing binding general technical and organizational-technical provisions, methods, procedures for performing work, and requirements for processing their results. The recommendations contain provisions that are optional but recommended for use.
Register of the State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements
This document is used for registration and accounting of types of measuring instruments.
A registry is a state act certifying that a means and its manufacturer have passed checks according to the rules established by law. It is on the basis of the results of the verification procedures that the relevant accounting objects are included in the list. For funds registered in the registry, official verification rules and technical regulations apply.
Registry Objectives
The database provides:
- Accounting of measuring instruments of approved types.
- Formation of centralized information funds about accounting facilities approved for production, circulation, issue, use in Russia.
- Registration of accredited test centers.
- Accounting for certificates issued for measuring instruments.
- Organization of information support for stakeholders, including national metrology services of countries participating in the interaction on mutual recognition of standard test indicators and rules for the approval of measuring instruments.
Historical reference
For the first time, the law regulating the State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements was approved in 1991. Until that moment, the country lacked legislative provisions in the field of metrology. Norms and rules were enshrined in government regulations.
A law passed in 1991 introduced many innovations into the field of metrology. First of all, the main terms used in the industry were identified. Secondly, a certification and licensing system for metrological activities was introduced.
The legislation clearly delineated the functions of control and supervision, measured calibration rules.
Objectives of the current legislation in the field of metrology
The amended version of the Law of 1991 is designed to provide:
- Protecting users from unreliable measurements.
- Promoting economic, scientific and technological progress through the use of standards and accurate indicators.
- Formation of favorable conditions for establishing relations between enterprises, including Russian and foreign.
- Adaptation of the domestic measuring system to world practice.
Responsibility
Citizens and organizations, state bodies that have violated the provisions of the Federal Law No. 102, as well as other regulations applicable in the field of metrology, are held accountable in accordance with applicable law. In the event of property damage due to unlawful actions, the adoption of illegal decisions by authorized persons, criminal sanctions may be applied.
Actions / inaction of employees of executive bodies of state power can be challenged in the prescribed manner. An appeal, however, does not suspend the implementation of the requirements approved by them, except in cases expressly provided for by law. The relevant provisions are established in article 24 of the Federal Law No. 102.