The main purpose of the burner in any heating equipment is to prepare the mixture and burn it. There are a large number of different burners. Some are used in solid fuel boilers, others work with liquid fuel. We’ll talk about the latter. Let's see what a diesel burner is, where it is used and what its key features are.
General information
A diesel burner is installed in heating equipment for which liquid fuel is used. In particular, we are talking about heavy oils, for example, mining or diesel. Typically, such burners are paired with outdoor equipment for domestic and industrial use. Often this type of heating is installed where there is no gas main. This is due to the fact that diesel fuel is much more expensive than natural gas, which, in fact, limits its scope and prevalence. In general, diesel boilers are no worse than conventional gas boilers. They have high efficiency, efficiency, good heat dissipation and can be fully automated. In order for the burner to work efficiently, a constant pressure must be maintained in the system. Therefore, a compressor is installed, and it is important for him to provide a stable source of energy, which is quite difficult for a number of reasons.
Diesel burner for boiler: principle of operation
Let's take a quick look at how the burner works. From the reservoir, the diesel enters the burner. To ensure fuel supply, a special pump is used, which is equipped with a return line, which is necessary for the circulation of fuel between the pump and the tank. In this case, the burner uses as much fuel as it needs, and the residues are returned back to the tank. But, before the diesel engine reaches, it must go through the filter and the heating element. At the first stage, mechanical elements are cleaned, at the second stage, the fuel is heated to the optimum temperature.
Spraying in the combustion chamber is carried out using a nozzle. At the same time, air is injected through the burner pipe. The shape of the torch is controlled by special blades that create an air vortex. Directly in front of the nozzle, electrodes are installed that provide ignition of the mixture. This is how a diesel burner for a boiler works. The entire process is controlled using automation devices.
Burner classification in brief
Currently, manufacturers offer consumers three types of burners. All of them have design features and differ in cost. Therefore, all burners can be divided into the following groups:
- single-stage - operate in 100% power mode without the possibility of adjustment;
- two-stage - you can set the operating mode to 100 or 50%;
- modulated - there are ample opportunities for power adjustment, usually it is a range from 10 to 100%.
The latter option is most preferred. This is due to the fact that it is possible to smoothly adjust the temperature of the coolant. But along with this, such devices are quite expensive and complex, therefore, their repair should be performed by professionals. However, you will no longer need to adjust the diesel burners. And this is very important.
Tuning Diesel Burners
Often, the adjustment is carried out by specialists, but if necessary, the adjustment work can be done with your own hands. If a single-stage burner is used, then the work is carried out quite quickly and simply. All manipulations come down to the fact that the air and fuel supply is regulated to ensure normal combustion. In this case, the mixture should be enriched. The quality of the flame is determined by eye. If the setting is done, then you can use a gas analyzer, which will determine the content of CO and CO 2 in the smoke. If the burner is “standing”, then first of all it is necessary to check the contacts and the operability of the nodes as a whole and each separately. But tuning diesel burners with the ability to adjust power (modulated) is quite difficult, and for this you will need special equipment.
How to start a new burner
If your old diesel burner is out of order and cannot be repaired, then a complete replacement will be required. Such work can be done with your own hands. To do this, remove the old burner and check the integrity and quality of the nozzle. If it is clogged, then it must be cleaned with compressed air or a thin metal object. Next, the preliminary position of the electrodes and the efficiency of the impeller are checked . The fan is checked manually. During operation, no unnecessary noise (friction, whistling) should occur, which will signal normal operation. Remember to tighten the cotter pin on the impeller. The next step is to inspect the boiler furnace. A burner is mounted on the door. All work must be performed in sequential order according to the instructions. Do not forget that the first time you start the diesel burner, you must remove the fuel hose and start it idle. Well, now let's move on.
DIY burner making
Usually home-made burners are less economical than those made by professionals, so be prepared to increase fuel consumption by 5-10%. Before considering, sketch the sketch and be sure to remember the dimensions of the furnace and the blower. If you are making a single-stage diesel burner with your own hands, then a monoblock supercharged design is first made. It is advisable to purchase a package of mounting accessories with a housing and a cover for the burner. In this case, be sure to consider the compatibility of the burner with the generator.
The manufacture of a burner with a compressor is more complex, but efficient. As a compressor, an ordinary Chinese-made spray gun is suitable. So the fuel will be consumed economically, and the quality of the mixture will be at the proper level, and you will have the opportunity to adjust the power of the equipment. If a diesel burner is made with high quality and reliable, then for others it will not pose any danger.
Diesel burner repair
If you decide to carry out repair work with your own hands, then stock up on rags, as this is not the cleanest job. First of all, make sure that oxygen passes through the nozzle of the nozzle. It often happens that it becomes clogged and the mixture is not enriched, resulting in a decrease in the quality of the torch. If the nozzles are clean, look at the filter. If it needs to be replaced, do so. In addition, if used oil is used, then channel contamination is possible. It must be purged with compressed air, after draining the fuel from the hose. In principle, this limits the repair of diesel burners. Sometimes it makes sense to check the condition of the electrodes. If mechanical damage or wear is noticed, it is better to change the part or assembly.
Some important details
Many experts advise paying attention to burners when buying them. In particular, their power matters, which should exceed the furnace power of the boiler. In addition, it makes sense to pay attention to the type of adjustment. For domestic use, one- and two-stage burners are sufficient. But for a small boiler room, better modulated options. Some burners cannot operate on several types of fuel. That is why when buying, it is advisable to take care of reserve fuel. Therefore, the burner should work equally well on diesel and used oil. For example, a diesel burner “Lamborghini”, which is famous not only for its high reliability, but also for the possibility of using a wide variety of fuels, will be a good choice.
Conclusion
So we talked with you about the features of diesel burners. As you can see, if necessary, you can make them yourself. If necessary, then always on sale you will find a wide range of equipment you are interested in. The diesel burner "Lamborghini" of the ECO series allows not only to efficiently heat the room, but also to take care of the environment. In general, diesel heating can be considered as advisable only if you have access to used oil. That is why such equipment is often installed at engineering and other enterprises.