Typically, construction work is carried out in the warm season. Winter is considered not the best time for bricklaying and other works. But there are exceptions to any rule. For example, when a building cannot stand conservation for the winter and can be significantly destroyed during this period. Before starting the construction process, you need to find out at what temperature you can lay a brick.
Problems of bricklaying in the winter
Many people ask: "Why can not you put a brick in the cold?" Recall the composition of the solution and physics. So, for masonry , a mixture of water, sand and cement is used. It is water that plays a key role here. It also slows down the whole process. At sub-zero temperatures, water assumes a solid state of aggregation and turns into ice. Therefore, there is no hydration process between the masonry and the mortar. Even if the water does not have time to freeze in the masonry, some of the bricks will be covered with ice. When the air temperature rises and the ice begins to melt, the strength of the masonry will fall by half. The water that is inside the entire structure will also melt, and the entire structure will collapse quickly. And yet, at what temperature can a brick be laid? In order for an ordinary cement mortar to set and dry, it should be at least -5 ° C outside. Otherwise, the building will collapse in the spring.
How to prepare a solution for winter masonry?
But, in spite of all these subtleties, a method was still found to increase the indicator of the temperature to which brick can be laid. To do this, you need to use a special solution, which includes antifreeze additives. With their help, the temperature limit was reduced to -50 ° C. This method of building buildings is especially popular in places where most of the year the air temperature is below zero.
After the masonry is laid, it remains to monitor the solidification of the solution. To do this, in the masonry, they make peculiar holes with plugs, inside of which the temperature is measured using a thermometer.
If during hardening it is impossible to observe the thermal regime, special equipment is connected for heating and drying the masonry. In very severe frosts , the installation of additional heaters may be required. They are mounted above the masonry. Now for builders the question of at what temperature it is possible to lay a brick is not so acute.
It must be borne in mind that additives that do not allow the solution to freeze are harmful to humans. Therefore, you need to lay the brick only in a special protective suit.
Several ways of laying brick in the cold season
For quality work in subzero weather, the following technologies are used.
Electric heating. This is the most time-consuming and energy-intensive way. It is used in the construction of small sections of walls. During masonry, electrodes are placed in the solution through which an electric current is passed. With its help, the seams dry out and ice formation is excluded.
Arrangement of a greenhouse. This method is highly efficient and economical, but at the same time rather laborious. At the place where the wall will be kicked out, a frame is installed on which polyethylene curtains will be pulled. A heat source is installed inside the tent and construction begins. Such a teplyak should be heated for a long time until the masonry dries.
Freezing It uses a frost-resistant solution, which after warm weather can set again. In the process, it is important to ensure that there are no freezes on the consumable. If any, dispose of them with an injection burner.
Final stage
After finding the answer to the question of what temperature can be laid brick, and the foundation for future walls has already been laid, we proceed to the final work. After the height of the wall becomes equal to the height of the first floor, prefabricated floors are installed.
When a thaw occurs, it is necessary to monitor the state of the masonry. Additional strength is provided by the internal transverse walls, the distance between them should not exceed 20 meters. The more often the transverse walls are located, the stronger the structure.
Bricklaying is a complex process, and frost only complicates this procedure. Strict adherence and implementation of all stages of work will allow you to build a strong and reliable building even in winter.
So you found out at what temperature it is possible to lay brickwork, and got acquainted with the methods of laying bricks in the winter.