The state military organization, that is, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, unofficially called the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the number of which is 1,903,000 for 2017, is supposed to reflect aggressions directed against the Russian Federation, protect its territorial integrity and inviolability of all its territories, and comply with international treaties tasks.
Start
Created in May 1992 from the Armed Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation at that time were much larger. It amounted to 2,880,000 people and had the largest stockpiles of nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction in world practice, as well as a well-developed system in their delivery vehicles. Now the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation regulates the number according to the decrees of the President of the Russian Federation.
Currently, there are 1 013 000 military personnel in the Armed Forces, since the last published decree of the president entered into force in March 2017. The total strength of the RF Armed Forces is indicated above. Military service in Russia takes place both on draft and on contract, and contract service has prevailed in recent years. At the call of young people go to serve in the army for one year, their minimum age is eighteen years. For servicemen of the Russian Federation, the maximum age is sixty-five years. Cadets of special military schools may be slightly younger than eighteen at the time of enrollment.
How is picking
The army, aviation and navy accept officers into their ranks to serve solely and exclusively by contract. This whole corps is trained in the corresponding higher educational institutions, where after graduation cadets are assigned a lieutenant rank. For the period of study, second-year students conclude their first contract for five years, thus, service already begins within the walls of a military educational institution. Citizens in reserve and with officer ranks often replenish the number of personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. They can also contract for military service. Including those graduates who studied at the military departments of civilian universities and were identified after graduation, they also have the right to conclude a contract with the Armed Forces.
This also applies to the faculties of military training, and its cycles at military training centers. The junior command and rank personnel can be recruited both under the contract and upon the appeal to which absolutely all male citizens from eighteen to twenty seven years are subject. The conscription service is one year (calendar), and the conscription campaign is carried out twice a year - from April to July and from October to December, in spring and autumn. Six months after the start of service, any member of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation can submit a report on the conclusion of a contract, the first contract for three years. However, after forty years, the right is lost, since forty years is the age limit.
Composition
Women are extremely rare in the RF Armed Forces, with men serving the vast majority. Among almost two million military personnel, women make up less than fifty thousand, and only three thousand of them have officer posts (there are even twenty-eight colonels).
Thirty-five thousand women are in sergeant and soldier posts, and eleven thousand among them are ensigns. Only one and a half percent of women (that is, approximately forty-five people) occupy primary command posts, while the rest serve in headquarters. Now about the important - about the security of our country in case of war. First of all, it is necessary to distinguish three types of mobilization reserve.
Mobilization
The current mobilization reserve, which shows the number of draftees in the current year, as well as organized, where the number of previously served and laid off reserves is added, and the potential mobilization reserve, that is, the number of people you can count on in case of war when mobilizing for troops. Here, statistics reveal a rather alarming fact. In 2009, thirty-one million people were in a potential mobilization reserve. Compare: there are fifty-six in the United States and two hundred and eight million in China.
In 2010, the stock (organized reserve) amounted to twenty million people. Demographers calculated the composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and the current mobilization reserve, the numbers turned out to be bad. Eighteen-year-old men will almost disappear in our country by 2050: their number will be reduced by four times and amount to only 328 thousand people from all territories. That is, the potential mobilization reserve in 2050 will be only fourteen million, which is 55% less than in 2009.
Staffing
The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation consists of ordinary and junior command personnel (foremen and sergeants), officers who serve in the troops, in local, district, central command and control bodies in various positions (they are provided by the staff of units), in military commissariats, in commandant's offices, in missions abroad. This also includes all cadets who study at the educational institutions of the Ministry of Defense and military training centers.
In 2011, the entire structure of the number of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation did not exceed one million people, this was the result of a long-term and powerful reduction from 2,880,000 people, registered in the Armed Forces in 1992, to one million. That is, more than sixty-three percent of the army has disappeared. By 2008, just under half of the total personnel were midshipmen, warrant officers and officers. Then came the military reform, during which the positions of midshipmen and warrant officers were almost eliminated, and with them more than one hundred and seventy thousand officer posts. Fortunately, the president reacted. The cuts stopped, and the number of officers returned to two hundred twenty thousand people. The number of generals of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (army generals) is now sixty-four people.
What do the numbers say?
We will compare the strength and composition of the Armed Forces 2017 and 2014. At the moment, in the apparatus of the Ministry of Defense of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, military command bodies comprise 10,500 military personnel. The General Staff has 11,300. The ground forces have 450,000 troops, 280,000 serve in the air forces. The navy has 185,000, the strategic missile forces include 120,000, and the aerospace defense forces 165,000. The airborne forces comprise 45,000 soldiers.
In 2014, the total number of forces in the RF Armed Forces was 845,000, of which 250,000 were the ground forces, 130,000 were the Navy, 35,000 were the Airborne Forces, 80,000 were the Strategic Nuclear Forces, and 150,000 were the Air Force! - command (plus service) was 200,000 people. More than all air force personnel! However, the numbers in 2017 indicate that the number of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is growing slightly. (And still, now the main part of the army is men, they are 92.9%, and women military personnel are only 44921 people.)
Charter
The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, as a military organization of any other country, have military charters, which are a set of main rules by which, in the process of studying, the military personnel form a general idea of how to protect their own rights and interests of the country from external, internal and any other threats. In addition, the study of this set of rules helps to develop military service.
The Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is the most important part during the initial preparation for the service, with its help a soldier or sailor gets acquainted with the basic terms and concepts. There are four types of regulations, and each must be thoroughly studied by absolutely every member of the armed forces. From there, common responsibilities and rights, schedule features, and interaction rules become known.
Types of charters
The disciplinary charter reveals the essence of military discipline and dictates the obligation to comply with it, narrates about various types of penalties and rewards. This is what distinguishes it from the Internal Service Charter. Here, the stipulated measures of responsibility for certain violations of the charter rules are defined. The charter of the guard and garrison service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation contains a designation of the objectives, the organization and maintenance of the guard and garrison service. It also contains the rights and obligations of all military personnel and persons who perform official duties.
The combat regulations determine the order of movement with and without weapons, combat techniques, types of units with equipment and foot order. After a thorough study of the charter, each soldier is obliged to understand the essence of military discipline, to understand the ranks, be able to allocate time, bear the duties of a duty and sentry by company, fulfill the tasks of a guard, sentry, and many others.
Command
The Supreme Commander of the RF Armed Forces is President V.V. Putin. If aggression is launched against Russia or its immediate threat arises, it will be up to him to impose martial law on the territory of the country or in certain areas in order to create all conditions for preventing or repelling aggression. At the same time or immediately, the president reports this to the Federation Council and the State Duma in order to approve this decree.
The use of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation outside the country is possible only after receiving the relevant resolution of the Federation Council. When there is peace in Russia, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief leads the general leadership of the Armed Forces, and during the war he exercises leadership in Russia's defense and repulsing aggression. It is also the president who forms the Security Council of the Russian Federation and chairs it; he also approves, appoints and dismisses the highest command of the RF Armed Forces. In his department is and approved by him the military doctrine of the Russian Federation, as well as the concept and plan for the construction of the armed forces, a plan for mobilization, civil defense and much more.
Ministry of Defence
The Defense Ministry of the RF Armed Forces is the governing body of the RF Armed Forces, its tasks are the development and implementation of state policy in terms of the country's defense, legal regulation and defense standards. The Ministry organizes the use of the armed forces in accordance with federal constitutional laws and international treaties, it maintains the necessary readiness, implements measures for the construction of the armed forces, provides social protection for military personnel, as well as members of their families.
The Ministry of Defense takes part in the development and implementation of state policy in the field of international cooperation. Under his authority are the military commissariats, command and control bodies of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation for military districts, as well as many other military command and control bodies, including territorial ones. The Ministry of Defense is headed by a minister appointed and dismissed by the president of the Russian Federation. Under his leadership, there is a collegium, which includes deputy ministers, heads of services, commanders-in-chief of all types of the RF Armed Forces.
General Staff of the RF Armed Forces
The General Staff is the central body of military command and control of the Armed Forces. Here the coordination of the activities of the border troops and the FSB of the Russian Federation, the troops of the National Guard, railway, civil defense and everyone else, including the foreign intelligence service, is carried out. The General Staff consists of the main departments, offices and many other structures.
The main tasks of the Defense Ministry of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are strategic planning for the use of the Armed Forces, troops and other units and military bodies, taking into account the military administrative division of the Russian Federation, conducting mobilization and operational work on preparing the Armed Forces, transferring the armed forces to the composition and organization of wartime. The General Staff organizes the strategic and mobilization deployment of the armed forces and other troops, formations and bodies, coordinates the activities of military registration, organizes intelligence activities for defense and security, plans and organizes communications, as well as topographic and geodetic support for the armed forces.