The category of eternal things, of course, includes brickwork. This type of construction is relevant now, because the brick has excellent quality, operational and aesthetic characteristics. It is reliable, durable and safe. But before you build a house from this material, you need to learn how to properly lay brickwork, as well as to understand its types. After all, it can be Dutch, chain, Gothic, cross, multi-row, cross and multi-row without dressing horizontal seams.
And knowing how to lay brickwork can be useful not only for the construction of walls. They can be used to give a beautiful texture to the supporting structure, that is, the pattern. And the complexity of building a house of brick depends on the professional skills of the bricklayer and the type of masonry chosen. So, for example, the Gothic are mixed rows, in the Dutch masonry mixed and bonded rows alternate. In short, each of these types has its own characteristics, and it is selected depending on the type of object being built.
Also, before laying brickwork, especially when erecting load-bearing walls, it is worth examining its economical forms. Well technology can be an example here, when two walls made in half a brick are connected by bridges: vertical and horizontal. And the free space is filled with lightweight concrete or backfill. At the same time, brick is saved and the thermal insulation of the building is increased. In addition, the interlayer between the bricks can be airy, because air is also a good heat insulator. Even voids can be filled with mineral felt or stove insulation. This will increase the heat-shielding properties of the walls by 30 and 50%. And the strength of the supporting structure is ensured by all types of masonry, unless, of course, you study how to lay the brick correctly.
To start building the wall, you will need the brick itself, as well as sand and cement. You will also need a container for a mortar, a rack-order, a level and tools of a bricklayer: an embroidery, a hammer-pick, a trowel and others. Before laying brickwork, you need to prepare the base for it. It should be aligned horizontally, to close the depressions on its surface and, if necessary, to put waterproofing. Then, from two sides of the emerging wall, install the rack-rails and using a plumb line to check their verticality. Then, between the corresponding divisions on the rails, a cord is stretched, which should pass 5-8 mm from the outer line of the wall and be located 75-78 mm from its base. This is exactly the height of one row.
Then a masonry mortar of cement and sand is prepared in a ratio of 1: 4 or with the addition of lime 1: 1: 3. Lime makes it more ductile, while its working properties last longer. Also, before laying the brickwork, it is necessary to moisten the bricks. They can be poured from a bucket or hose all together or dipped into water each. The material should not have dry surfaces, but the film of water should also not remain.
Next, you can proceed to the masonry. Start at the edge of the wall. First, a bed of mortar for several bricks is placed on the base. Then the first of them fits into it and is pressed into the solution. It should also be aligned so that its outer edge runs 5 mm from the stretched cord and parallel to it, and the side is next to the rack-order. Then a second brick is taken, and a solution is applied to its side surface. It is placed next to the first and aligned on the cord. In this way, the entire row is laid, then the cord is pulled one row higher and the second begins, but from the angle at which the first ended.