Surely everyone will agree that one of the most important achievements of all Roman civilization was law. Indeed, regulation in this area affected almost all aspects of the life of this state. It is important to note that Roman law underlies many systems of legislation, including modern ones.
Since the adoption of the Laws of the Twelve Tables (5th century BC), legal regulation has become an important condition for the existence of the state and the corresponding adoption of the rights of a citizen.
Everyone knows that laws have been applied, then modified, then completely repealed.
However, the attitude to this industry as a fundamental part of the entire state, of course, persisted during the republic and in a later era.
Roman law, or rather respect for it, along with religious piety and worship of all the customs of their ancestors, is an essential element of the social mentality of this people.
As you know, citizens resolved all conflicts in court. Private Roman law, its branches, and also the ability to compose judicial speeches were taught at the school from the very first years.
It is important to note that in those days there were also special legal institutions.
However, the gradual changes in the state and the subsequent establishment of the Empire affected the branch of jurisprudence itself. Now the
subject was called a subject, not a citizen, as before. The nature of the court and punishment was gradually changing. Most of the court cases now went to magistrates, which, in turn, seriously bureaucratized the process itself. On the other hand, it was thanks to the proclamation of the
Empire that Roman law acquired its classical forms, known today.
Thanks to the activities of truly talented lawyers of several generations, a truly flexible and at the same time perfect system was created. In addition, scientists of that time worked on the development of legal presumptions, in particular in the criminal and procedural sphere. For example, the so-called presumption of innocence was finally formed.
Roman law, as you know, consisted of several parts, the most important of which was the civilian (civilian) sphere. Legal entities in Roman law were considered on the other side of the issue. According to experts, the latest and at the same time complete codification of legislation was carried out after the fall of the Empire under Justinian. This emperor did everything to advance and establish his state. So, with the help of court lawyers and a specially created commission, he managed to publish a whole set of rights, which later became known as Corpus jutis civilis. The interpretation of those years is still considered the best school for the preparation of highly qualified lawyers.
Thus, Roman law served as one of the most important foundations not only for subsequent systems of legislation, but also for European civilization itself, which, in turn, always declares the priority of humanistic values.