The Siberian Federal District (SFD) is an administrative unit in Russia, formed on May 13, 2000 by decree of the President of the Russian Federation. Its population is 19.25 million people (according to the 2010 census). Finding the Siberian Federal District on the map is not difficult, because it occupies 30 percent of the territory of our country. Here are concentrated up to 85 percent of the all-Russian reserves of platinum and lead, 80% - molybdenum and coal, 71% - nickel, 69% - copper, 44% - silver, 40% - gold. In 2013, the share of the Siberian Federal District amounted to 11.2 percent in total industrial production.
Siberian Federal District: composition
The formation includes twelve subjects of the federation, including five regions (Omsk, Novosibirsk, Irkutsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo), four republics (Khakassia, Buryatia, Altai, Tyva) and three territories (Transbaikal, Altai, Krasnoyarsk). The capital of the Siberian Federal District (administrative center) is the city of Novosibirsk. In total, there are 4114 municipalities in the Siberian Federal District, of which 319 are municipal districts, 257 urban settlements, 77 urban districts, and 3461 rural settlements. Settlements with a population of more than one hundred thousand people are Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk, Novokuznetsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo, Bratsk, Barnaul, Seversk, Ulan-Ude, Biysk, Norilsk, Angarsk, Berdsk, Kyzyl, Prokopyevsk, Chita, Rubtsovsk, Achinsk, Abakan.
Territory
The Siberian Federal District has a total area of 5114.8 thousand square kilometers, the length of the territory from west to east is 3420 kilometers, from north to south - 3566 kilometers. In the west, the Siberian Federal District borders on the Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Districts, and the Tyumen Region; in the north - only with the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug; in the south - with Mongolia, Kazakhstan and China; in the east - with the Amur Region and the Republic of Yakutia (Sakha). The length of the state border totals 7269.6 kilometers, including 2697.9 kilometers with Kazakhstan, 1255.5 kilometers with China, and 3316.2 kilometers with Mongolia. The Siberian Federal District includes 108 border posts, with 68 customs posts and border crossing points.
Population
The share in the total number of residents of Russia is 13.48 percent. Density - 3.7 people per square kilometer. This formation is characterized by a significant preponderance of the urban population over the rural population: 72 percent against 28. Residents of the Siberian Federal District are predominantly Russian (87.38 percent). The population of the Siberian Federal District is also represented by Buryats (2.13%), Ukrainians (1.86%), Germans (1.54%), Tatars (1.26%), Tuvans (1.2%). Less than one percent of the total population are Kazakhs, Khakasses, Belarusians and Altai.
Economy
The leading branch of the formation is industry, in 2012 it accounted for 37.2 percent of gross value added (on average, 32.3 percent in the Russian Federation). The gross regional product in 2012 amounted to 5147.4 billion rubles (10.3 percent). GRP per capita - 267.1 thousand rubles (348.6 thousand rubles in the Russian Federation). In 2013, the share of the Siberian Federal District in the total volume of industrial products shipped in Russia amounted to 11.2 percent. Per capita production of goods amounted to 234.4 thousand rubles (280 thousand rubles in the Russian Federation). In 2013, the share of formation in the total volume of Russian agricultural production amounted to 13.6 percent. Agricultural output amounted to 515.3 billion rubles, per capita - 71.5 thousand rubles (92.5 thousand rubles in the Russian Federation). With all this, the volume of foreign investment in the Siberian Federal District is insignificant - only 412 US dollars per capita, while in the Russian Federation - 1187 US dollars. Foreign trade turnover, according to customs statistics, in 2013 amounted to 45.5 billion US dollars, of which 36.2 billion - export and 9.2 billion - import.
The science
On its territory, the Siberian Federal District has branches of three Russian Academies of Sciences: SB RAS, SB RAMS and SB RAAS. They include more than a hundred research organizations and a network of research stations. In the Siberian Federal District there are 7,767 full-time educational institutions (excluding evening), 411 of them are primary education, 410 are secondary education (of which 33 are non-state), 116 are higher education (not including branches, 33 of them have the status of non-state). The largest number of higher educational institutions is concentrated in the Novosibirsk region (26), as well as in the Omsk (19) and Irkutsk (15) regions. For ten thousand inhabitants, the number of students and students in primary education is 81 people (in the Russian Federation - 64 people), in secondary schools - 159 people (in the Russian Federation - 138 people), in higher education institutions - 429 people ( in the Russian Federation - 454 people).
Healthcare
According to data for 2012, in the Siberian Federal District there are 197.6 thousand hospital beds, with a calculation for ten thousand inhabitants it is 102.6 beds (in the Russian Federation - 94.2 units); doctors of all specialties - 102.2 thousand people, with the calculation for ten thousand inhabitants - 53.1 doctors (in the Russian Federation - 51.2 specialists); paramedical personnel - 222.1 thousand people, with the calculation for ten thousand inhabitants - 115.3 people (in the Russian Federation - 107 people).
Culture and sport
The number of theatrical spectators in the formation is 254 people per thousand population. According to this indicator, the Siberian Federal District is in third place among the federal districts of Russia. Museums are visited by 373 people per thousand inhabitants (fifth place in the Russian Federation). The library stock of accessible institutions has 5883 copies per thousand population (also fifth place), and a one-time circulation of newspapers per thousand inhabitants is 772 copies (sixth place). The administrative formation has 34,508 sports facilities, of which 326 are stadiums with stands for one and a half thousand or more seats, 21,039 planar sports facilities (fields and playgrounds), 12,575 gyms, 568 swimming pools. In addition, in the Siberian Federal District there are 8324 recreational facilities for children.
Additional Information
Since May 12, 2014, the representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Siberian Federal District is Nikolai Rogozhkin . Before him, this position was occupied by Tolokonsky Viktor Alexandrovich (since September 2010). Even earlier, the plenipotentiaries were Anatoly Vasilievich Kvashnin (2004-2010), Leonid Vadimovich Drachevsky (2000-2004). The duties of the plenipotentiary representative of the Siberian Federal District include the organization of work on the implementation by authorities within the district of the main directions of foreign and domestic state policy; to monitor the implementation of decisions of authorities; to ensure the implementation of the personnel policy of the Russian President.
Want to find out more about the Siberian Federal District? The official website will help you with this. His address is sibfo.ru.