Pumps and similar means involved in the pumping of various liquids can conditionally be divided into two categories. The first will include units designed to service clean water, and the second - models designed for contaminated environments. This does not mean at all that the second option is initially focused only on low quality media, but in working with ponds and rivers, for example, no other way is expected. In solving such problems, a centrifugal surface pump for dirty water is used, which is resistant to blockages. It is usually used for watering events and, by the way, not only in working with contaminated sources.
Design features and principle of operation
Such units have a horizontal positioning of the structure, since they are operated as a surface device and are fixed on the surface of the earth. In this position, the centrifugal surface pump is more stable, despite the active work of the inner wheel. Actually, due to the rotation of the blades of this element, centrifugal force is realized. Served media also passes here, after which it is discarded along the walls and sent to the tap channel. As a result, water passes several stages of circulation - first it enters through the hose into the main chamber of the pump, then it is processed by the blades and sent through the outlet channel to the irrigation system or to another consumer.
Entry-level versions include a single impeller. Such models are usually used for watering summer cottages. However, the centrifugal surface pump for the well, which is involved in the water supply system at home, has a more complex device and several internal wheels.
Main characteristics
Consideration should be given to the lifting height, performance, and in some cases the dimensions of the pump with the housing material. As for the first parameter, the standard versions are capable of lifting 20-30 m. In models designed for wells, this value can reach 70 m. Productivity is most often related to the height of the lift and varies on average from 20 to 150 l / min . Installation dimensions are usually tailored to the application. A traditional centrifugal surface pump has rather impressive dimensions, but if we are talking about modifications designed to work in the well, the dimensions can be significantly reduced. A similar situation is with manufacturing materials. Under normal operating conditions on the surface, it is quite possible to use plastic models, but for harsh conditions it is recommended to purchase cast-iron units and modifications with stainless steel cases.
Well Models
The design of centrifugal units also provides for the possibility of creating devices that can be used for a well. For example, in the lines of household models, units with a small power of about 550 W are often found, capable of supplying water from sources that are remote in depth. In the organization of complex multi-stage irrigation systems, an auxiliary centrifugal surface pump can be used, which will allow to perform the function of stabilizing the pressure and distribution of water. You can use such units for professional purposes. For example, to empty contaminated sites in enterprises, pumping working fluids, etc.
Well Versions
Water from wells can be pumped not only for the purpose of further irrigation, but also to provide household needs in the house. In this case, a large volume of water supply and an appropriate power unit are required. The best option would be a surface centrifugal pump for a well in the form of an autonomous station. Such devices are equipped with a capacious tank, which can act as a backup water storage.
Before acquiring such a model, its pumping capabilities should be evaluated. In standard versions, pumping stations of this type allow lifting to an 8-meter height. To control performance, the user can use a special relay, supplemented by sensors for working pressure. This example shows that a centrifugal surface pump for dirty water can be used for other purposes, while maintaining the optimal quality of the liquid composition.
Pump installation
The pump is mounted on the surface and then securely fixed. It is important to ensure conditions that prevent the unit from deviating from the set position. Next, the incoming line is installed. On one side of the hose it is necessary to connect a non-return valve, and on the other hand, connect it to the pump communications. In the process of connecting operations, you should use sealing tape or fum tape, which will add reliability to the transitional sections and prevent the risk of leaks. Questions about how to install a surface centrifugal pump in a well usually include consideration of factors for filling the line. After the check valve is immersed in the well, you can start to start the unit. First of all, the trunk should be filled, and then the mentioned reserve tank. When the optimum values are achieved, the pump will shut off automatically.
Operation and Maintenance
The work process involves minimal human involvement if the pump design has automatic control systems. In the latest versions, manufacturers supply units with control panels that allow you to control equipment from a distance. Since breakdowns of surface centrifugal pumps are not uncommon, the risk of their occurrence should be minimized. Depreciation of functional components, impaired centrifugal wheel function and poor tightness - these and other problems can be prevented if the unit is cleaned in a timely manner and connected only to compatible components.
Conclusion
In terms of functionality and variety of applications, aggregates of this type are unrivaled. Even in a simple configuration, a centrifugal surface pump can pump water from rivers, ponds, a well, and garden tanks. Another area of operation of structures of this type is drainage. Providing the pump with a float mechanism, the user can leave the equipment working without constant monitoring. As the water is pumped to a certain level, the system will independently stop its function without risk of damage due to idling.