Reservoirs are an integral part of natural landscapes. The long-term variability of the characteristics of the state of the ecosystem and spatial heterogeneity are the main features of artificial reservoirs. The Kama reservoir operates in a special hydroecological regime, due to the possibility of regulating the water level. This determines the specifics of the formation, accumulation, distribution and qualitative component of sediments.
History of creation
The Kama Reservoir Cascade was formed as a result of the construction of a hydroelectric power station on the Kama River after completion of the dam construction. In the area of flooding, there were several settlements, as well as such large industrial enterprises as the Chermozsky Metallurgical, Polaznensky Iron-Making and Iron Foundries. On the shore of the reservoir Perm Perm Power Plant was built.
Shallowing water
The Russian authorities are faced with the annual shallowing of the rivers of the European part of the state. According to experts, water rots in semi-empty reservoirs, protective engineering structures are destroyed, and the Volga-Kama cascade of reservoirs operates under off-design conditions. There is a shortage of vital resources in the region. Due to the shallowing of the Volga during the period from 2008 to 2009, several dozen settlements were left without water.
Impact on the economy
The shallowing process can be replaced by river filling. This is a well-known fact, but such a cycle has a significant impact on the economic situation in the country. 40% of the state population lives in the Volga basin. Almost half of the country's industrial and agricultural potential is located in this territory.
Stagnant water rots
After the Volga-Kama reservoir was founded, there is no unequivocal opinion about the benefits brought to the population and the natural complexes of the basin. The number of publications with negative reviews about the consequences of creating artificial reservoirs on the Volga is growing. Water quality in stagnant seas is deteriorating sharply. This contributes to the possible negative consequences and causes fierce criticism.
Disagreement among scientists
Opponents and supporters of reservoirs have a one-sided approach to this issue. They do not want to understand each other. Moreover, some manage to exaggerate the shortcomings, while others - the advantages of creating reservoirs. If we analyze all the positive and negative aspects of the issue, we can conclude that the construction of giant reservoirs causes unacceptable in its scale moral, environmental and economic damage to the whole society. One conclusion suggests itself: the Kama Reservoir should not have been created.
The benefits of having fish
Fishing here is on bream, pike, perch, roach, pikeperch, ide and ide. Fishing in winter is especially interesting in this pond. Many fishermen from Perm and other nearby places come here to catch zander. There is enough of such fish here, and it is almost always caught wonderfully.
Finding zander in March is much easier than in February. In the second half of winter, water masses are discharged, and the Kama Reservoir is not the best place for fishing. In March, pike perch begins to actively move through the reservoir.
In winter, it is preferable to go fishing with a snowmobile. By car, it is almost impossible to get to the most interesting places, and walk too far on foot. Snowmobile for local anglers is the best mode of transport. With the help of such a means of transportation, any site on the reservoir will be accessible in the winter.
Conclusion
The Kama reservoir plays an important role in the regulation of river flow. The dam supports the water level by 22 meters along the Kama, Chusovaya, Sylva, Obva, Inva, Kosva rivers. The volume of the reservoir under normal conditions is 12.2 cubic kilometers, and the area is 1910 square kilometers. The maximum depth is 30 meters and the width is 14 kilometers. The distance between the banks at the confluence of Kosva and Inva with Kama reaches 27 kilometers. It can be concluded that the creation of an artificial reservoir on the Kama River is harmful to the environment, if we take into account the numerous opinions among scientists and the local population.