In the life of every person there comes a moment when he begins to think about acquiring his own housing. Someone prefers apartments in high-rise buildings, and someone seeks to gain more freedom and independence by building a private house.
The first option does not cause much difficulty in choosing. Here it is enough to determine the required number of rooms and the type of house (panel, brick, monolithic). But private homes are very diverse. Modern technologies allow developers to erect residential buildings of various configurations, taking into account all the wishes of the customer. Let's look at what types of houses are today, what are their differences and what materials are used for their construction.
Differences in houses by purpose
Absolutely all private buildings are divided into two main groups:
• for summer holidays;
• for year-round use.
The first category includes summer cottages and country houses, designed to relax in the warm season. Most often these are small and economical buildings in which there is no heating and other communications.
Houses for permanent residence can be made in several versions, each of which has its positive and negative features.
What types of private buildings can be
Today, there are several popular categories of houses that differ in functionality and have a different appearance. It can be:
• one-story capital buildings;
• multilevel cottages;
• duplexes;
• townhouses.
Let's consider what characteristics each of the options is endowed with and what are their differences.
Features and Features
Detached houses are considered the most comfortable and preferred option. Such structures are located in separately located areas. Moreover, the greater the number of acres of land, the more expensive the buyer is to buy this property.
Usually on small plots there are small cottages of several floors. They are equipped with all necessary communications for a comfortable stay at any time of the year. On the ground floor of such houses is a living room, kitchen and boiler room. Lounge areas and a bathroom are set up on the upper levels.
If the land area is large enough, one-story bungalows are erected on it. This view is very convenient in that, due to the lack of stairs, movement around the house is more comfortable and safe. This option is preferred by families with young children and senior citizens. But, unfortunately, not everyone can afford the acquisition of such real estate, so economical types of private houses - townhouses and duplexes are very popular today.
The first name refers to a variety of multi-story buildings that are designed for several owners. Each owner owns several floors, a separate entrance and, in some cases, a garage.
The cost of the land on which the house is located is divided by the number of its owners, which makes townhouses more affordable, even if they are built in the city, where, as a rule, the land is very expensive.
In European countries, another type of budget housing is popular - duplexes and triplexes. This option is very similar to town houses, as it also means that several families live in the same house. However, in this case, the property of the owners is not limited to walls, but to floors. In our country, duplexes are not widely used, so we will not dwell on them for a long time.
Materials and methods of building houses
Previously, all houses were built in the same way. But since technological progress does not stand still, several technologies are used for the construction of modern residential buildings, using various building materials. The most popular types of house construction today are :
• brickwork;
• erection of walls from the block;
• construction of houses from timber;
• wireframe technology.
Next, we consider all of the listed types of houses in more detail in order to understand what their differences and advantages are.
Brick houses
Brick houses have been popular for many decades. From this material, both simple square houses and buildings of a more complex configuration are erected.
Its positive qualities include environmental friendliness, durability and fire resistance. Buildings made of brick are distinguished by their presentability, they are considered very durable, capable of standing for hundreds of years. However, for the construction of summer buildings such material is not recommended.
In conditions of high humidity, brick walls quickly mold, and an unpleasant odor appears in the room. It should be noted that the construction of a house from a brick is a costly and lengthy process, and if you are limited in time and money, pay attention to other types of houses.
Block buildings
Today, gas silicate, foam concrete, expanded clay concrete and arbolite blocks are actively used in construction. Each of these options has its own characteristics, however, several common qualities can be identified. These include:
1. Light weight material . During the construction of the house, the construction of a complex and expensive foundation is not required, since the walls are quite light. The same property allows you to save money on the delivery and unloading of building material.
2. Large block sizes . Since the dimensions of the block are much larger than brick parameters, the construction of walls using this material is much faster. However, considering the types of houses, photos of which are published in this article, it should be borne in mind that the large size of the block does not allow building complex buildings from it.
3. Low thermal conductivity . Block type buildings do not require additional insulation.
4. Breathable properties . The porous structure of the block promotes natural air exchange and the unhindered release of moisture and steam. That is why moisture does not accumulate in the walls of such houses, and the microclimate that is optimal for a person is created in the room.
Wooden houses
Houses made of timber and logs today are at the peak of popularity. This is facilitated by: environmental friendliness of the material, record-breaking deadlines for erecting walls, reasonable construction costs and a spectacular appearance of the house. Wooden buildings retain heat very well inside, which reduces heating costs. The internal walls of the house do not require interior decoration, which also positively affects the owner’s budget.
A wooden beam is suitable for the construction of both country and capital houses, therefore, increasingly, within the city there are buildings built specifically from this material.
Speaking about the negative qualities of wood, we should mention the susceptibility to rot formation and fire hazard. But subject to timely treatment with antiseptic agents, a house built from natural material will serve the owners for more than a dozen years.
Frame houses
Frame-panel technology has recently begun to be used in construction, however, such structures are already surpassing many types of houses in popularity.
During the construction process of such a building, a wooden or metal frame is constructed, which is subsequently sheathed with sandwich panels. The panel itself consists of two OSB plates, between which there is a layer of expanded polystyrene.
Due to the large amount of insulation that is part of the panel, such buildings are warm and soundproof. The light weight of the house allows you to do without pouring a heavy-duty base, which helps to save the owner's money. Houses are assembled in record time, and the interior walls are perfectly smooth and do not require leveling.
The main negative property of frame buildings is their fragility. Provided that the house is properly maintained, its maximum service life is 50 years, which is why this technology is most often used for the construction of temporary buildings.
In conclusion, I want to say that modern construction is very diverse, therefore, having considered what types of houses are currently being built, everyone will be able to choose the best option for themselves, both in price and in terms of functionality.