This city was founded in 1147, the Kremlin stands on its main square. Here is the unique in its beauty St. Basil's Cathedral. Moscow and the Moscow Region have long been famous for folk crafts; products of masters are known all over the world. What are these crafts? What crafts is Moscow famous for? What is their story? All this and much more will be discussed in the article.
What Moscow is famous for: a general characteristic of folk crafts
The capital is inextricably linked with the history of folk crafts. More than half of the goods and souvenirs produced in the country are sold in the capital. Every year, several million tourists visit Moscow who want to take a piece of Russia with them, so the demand for souvenirs is growing every year. Foreigners are happy to buy or receive as a gift a Russian nesting doll, but the very first nesting doll was made in the suburbs. Matryoshka has long been a souvenir symbol of Russian folk craft.
What is Moscow famous for? What are the most famous souvenirs produced in the capital? Painted trays are made in the village of Zhostovo, the village of Fedoskino is famous for lacquer miniatures and caskets, in the village of Verbilki they make porcelain, in Pavlovsky Posad the most beautiful scarves in the world are woven, in the Ramensky district - gzhel. This is not a complete list.
At present, both state and private enterprises, in the total number of which are about 20, are operating in the field of art crafts in the Moscow Region and Moscow Region.
The main folk crafts Moscow is famous for:
- gzhel;
- Verbilkovsky porcelain;
- Fedoskino box;
- Zhostovo tray;
- nesting doll;
- Bogorodskaya toy;
- Pavloposad shawls.
Gzhel
In the Ramensky district of Moscow Region in the 17th century there were more than 20 villages that were combined into the so-called Gzhel bush. Gzhel was made until the 18th century, like ordinary pottery and primitive children's toys. From the beginning of the 18th century, a gray clay deposit was discovered, and the production of semi-faience arose. Gzhel is becoming the largest ceramic producing area. In the middle of the 20th century, half of the country's porcelain enterprises were concentrated here.
Gzhel is the most popular porcelain product with a blue painting on a white background. Each product is made individually, there are no two identical products, they are all signed by hand.
The enterprise in the village of Gzhel employs hundreds of hereditary craftsmen who create: caskets, teapots, oilers, sugar bowls, candle holders, vases, lamps, lamps and many other products.
Porcelain Verbilok
The porcelain factory in Verbilki was founded in 1762, initially the factory copied samples brought from Europe, but by the 19th century found its own style: the empire's forms were combined with the color saturation of the decor. In the 30s of the XX century, the plant already had its own laboratory. The trademark of the plant is the head of an elk with powerful horns. Famous products dedicated to the cities of Russia, with Russian symbols, with naval motifs.
Currently, the plant produces ordinary dishes and art products.
Fedoskino casket and lacquer miniature
The art of lacquer miniatures was formed in the village of Fedoskino at the end of the 18th century. The products of the factory become so famous that it is distributed not only in Russia. Lacquer miniature is one of the symbols of Russian folk craft, products adorn the best museums and world collections. The authenticity of each work is confirmed by the signature of the author and the certificate.
The miniatures are based on paintings, photographs, drawings, all this is complemented by golden ornamental graphics, which creates unique luxurious decoration for products.
The Fedoskino factory currently manufactures products in the traditional Russian style: panels, caskets, caskets, business card holders, brooches and much more. Products participate in international exhibitions, act as gifts at the government level. The caskets were presented to the President of the United States, the Pope, and the Prime Minister of Great Britain.
Zhostovo tray
If you ask the Russians: “What kind of folk crafts is Moscow famous for?”, Many will answer: “Zhostovo trays.” This is the most striking craft of the Moscow region. For almost 200 years, these unique works of art have been created. Initially, snuff boxes, caskets and cigarette cases were made along with trays, but the entire production of products was from cardboard. After a while, production began to use only iron materials and only trays began to be produced.
Each tray is unique, hand-painted, according to the imagination of the master. Bouquets of flowers with roses in the center are the main decoration of famous trays. For 150 years, they have been using black, blue, green backgrounds, and the edges have been decorated with delicate floral ornaments.
Matryoshka
What is Moscow famous for all over the world? Of course, a Russian nesting doll or a Trinity toy. In Sergiev Posad, at the end of the 19th century, a nesting doll was made in the workshop of wooden toys. In those days, in the villages located near the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, a huge number of crafts flourished, but the production of wooden toys, which were called the “Trinity”, was especially prominent. The flourishing of the production of nesting dolls was in the early decades of the 20th century, and the main types of painting were formed. The very first nesting doll is stored in the Museum of Toys, which is located opposite the laurel.
Bogorodskaya toy
These are carved toys made of soft wood. A fishery arose in the village of Bogorodskoye, which is located near Sergiev Posad. Masters cut sculptures and toys from linden, aspen, alder. Toys participate in numerous exhibitions abroad. Currently, an art carving factory is operating in the village of Bogorodskoye.
Scarf Pavlovsky Posad
The shawls and shawls of the city of Pavlovsky Posad are world famous. The history of handkerchief production has about 200 years. Initially, printed scarves were produced, and in the middle of the 19th century, shawls and scarves from wool began to be produced at the factory. All products are stamped with the company and time of manufacture.
In the city of Pavlovsky Posad there is a museum dedicated to the history of Pavlovsky shawl.
What are Moscow and St. Petersburg famous for?
Moscow and the Moscow region are truly centers of the country's national craft. Most of the Russian souvenirs that foreigners buy are made in the suburbs. And what about the second capital of the country, in St. Petersburg?
The northern capital is the cultural center of Russia. The folk art of this area is distinguished by sophistication, restraint. The capital is famous for Oyat ceramics, porcelain sculpture, tin soldiers, glass figures and dolls. The craft center was Okhta, the Okhta toys were pompous: a fashionable and chic hussar, a young lady, an important organ-grinder, and many others.
Instead of output
Folk and art crafts of Moscow and St. Petersburg are diverse in their products, techniques, materials used and performance techniques. The rich souvenir heritage of the past, which is developing successfully at the present time, is what Moscow is famous for.
Is there a connection between folk art and the area where the origin and development of fishing occurs? Of course, there is the origin and development of folk crafts, due to the history of the region and the availability of local natural resources.