Sweet cherry is a wonderful fruit tree with tasty and juicy fruits. Many gardeners recently deservedly give her preference, compared with cherries. This is due to the fact that cherry trees have a whole group of serious diseases that negate not only the crop, but also the planting. Sweet cherries, especially new varieties, are more resistant to coccomycosis and moniliosis. There are institutes and nurseries that, with the light hand of Michurin, adapt the southern varieties to the realities of
central Russia. Many metropolitan summer residents are interested in planting cherries in the fall in the suburbs.
When and what do we plant?
Many gardeners practice a traditional spring planting of stone fruits. Nevertheless,
planting cherries in autumn is quite possible. The optimal landing time depends on the specific climatic features of your region and a specific summer cottage. In order for the planting of sweet cherry seedlings in the fall to produce a healthy and fruitful “result”, a number of recommendations must be observed regarding the variety, seedling and place of planting. Through the efforts of domestic breeders, excellent varieties with high frost resistance and resistance to diseases were bred. For a cool climate, such varieties as Revna, Pervenets, Zorka, Black Gorky, Narodnaya, etc. are optimal.
For a seedling, you should contact reliable suppliers - a nursery with a good choice or a private trader with a serious reputation. When choosing an annual seedling, you need to pay attention to its roots. The ideal state of the root system is a branched fibrous growth of thin hairs and several strong roots. The north the cherry is planted, the more pay attention to the winter hardiness of the stock. In order for the planting of sweet cherry seedlings to be successful in autumn, there should be no leaves on them. Note also that cherries are a self-infertile tree, so there must be at least one more variety in the garden or other sweet cherry varieties need to be planted later on. Planting cherries in autumn in the Moscow Region, on the one hand, increases the risk of tree death, on the other hand, it makes it possible to harden and adapt it to the harsh conditions of our unstable climate.
How to plant?
Since cherries are very tall plants, a distance of about 4-6 meters from a neighboring tree should be considered. Cherry is extremely moody and demanding on the soil. She needs a well-protected and well-lit garden spot. She prefers the soil well-drained, fertile. With a high level of groundwater, the tree suffers and dies. Planting cherries in the fall requires some preliminary preparation. The pit should be done well in advance. It should be roomy, 60 cm deep and 60 cm wide. It should enrich the earth in the pit with humus. When planting, you need to dig a peg into a hole, to which then a sapling is tied. A seedling should remove damaged roots to healthy tissues. The tree is lowered into the pit and covered with earth. So, the landing is over. Cherries require good hydration of the trunk circle. A pair of buckets of water is enough. Planting cherries in autumn will be successful if a weak seedling is reliably sheltered from frost, strong winds and the spring sun.
How to crop?
The best time for pruning is in the spring in steady warm weather. Autumn pruning due to freezing can cause cracking of the bark and infection of the tree. Due to the fact that the cherry does not branch well, it is necessary to cut it, otherwise after 5 years there will be a monster 10 meters high with long bare branches on the site. Shorten the branches is above the kidney. Type of crown - sparse-tier. This allows the crown to be saturated with air and light. In this case, all branches growing inward are deleted. The correct cut of the branch is on the ring, without any hemp.
How to water and fertilize?
The tree is very sensitive to watering. Estimated norms - 100 liters of water per 1 meter square trunk circle. After irrigation is completed, mulching is very desirable, which maintains the desired moisture and loose soil. Be sure to winter the water to saturate the tree with moisture and normal wintering.
How to care?
Cherry starts to bloom early, which means a high risk of damage to the flowers during spring frosts. In advance it is worth stocking up with
smoke bombs and carry out protective smoke at a temperature of 1-2 degrees. It is also worth removing basal shoots, aphid colonies often breed on it. After flowering, it is recommended to treat the tree with a 1% solution of Bordeaux fluid in order to combat a
monilial burn. In summer, all fallen unripe fruits need to be collected and stacked in a compost heap. After the
leaves have fallen in the fall
, the tree needs to be prepared for winter. The stem and main branches should be coated with a mixture of mullein, lime and clay, taken in equal proportions. Nitrogen fertilizers are applied under the sweet cherry only in spring, not later than May, in the amount of 20 g per 1 sq. Km. meter. Autumn is the time for humus, 5 kg per 1 sq. Km. meter. Planting cherries will be more effective in the summer sowing of green manure: lupine, peas, other legumes - in the near-stem circle. In the fall, they are mowed and planted in the soil like green manure. To prevent the development of diseases, carefully inspect tree trunks, branches, leaves and fruits. Affected branches are cut and removed from the site, the leaves are burned, and the tree is treated with copper oxychloride (40 g per 10 liters of water).
We examined how sweet cherry planting occurs in the fall. Of course, with proper and regular care, this culture can decorate the life of any gardener, enrich it with the delicate aroma of blossoming flowers and saturate the holiday with taste.