Poem A.S. Pushkin's "Village": analysis. Pushkin's "Village" is an example of the poet's freedom-loving lyrics

The article will examine in detail one of the most famous poems by Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin and analyze it. "The Village" (Pushkin) is a work that reflects the poet’s political views, his opinion on serfdom and the role of the Russian peasantry in the life of the country.

Features of Pushkin's poetry

The work of the great poet is divided into several stages. However, they are all united by a number of themes and features that arose in the early period of the formation of Pushkin. Communication with the Decembrists and famous writers particularly influenced the formation of the writer's artistic consciousness. Also, the development of his literary abilities was influenced by Russian folklore and Western European culture and literature.

The second stage of the poet’s work, relating to the post-Lyceum era, reflects the analysis of the verse “Village”. Pushkin during this period led an active political and public life, he was especially acutely concerned about the need for reforms that would help change the autocratic system of Russia. Subsequent periods of the poet's work are linked. Romantic, philosophical, and later realistic motives begin to prevail in them.

Analysis: The Village (Pushkin)

The analysis of any poem is carried out according to a certain plan, which may be as follows:

• History of creation.
• Theme and idea.
• Lyrical "I".
• Composition.
• Poetic size.
• Visual expressive means.

The story of the creation of the poem

As noted above, the poem refers to the second, St. Petersburg period of the poet and was written in 1819. Active social and political life, secret meetings with the Decembrists, communication with Chaadaev and Ryleyev - all influenced the theme of the poem "Village". An analysis of Pushkin’s poem includes the poet’s statements about the despotism of the autocracy, about the political and social lack of freedom of people, about the inhumanity of serfdom.

Theme and idea

The main theme of the work is the problem of serfdom. Pushkin seeks to show his destructiveness, barbarism and anti-humanism. To emphasize cruelty and an unfair treatment of the people, the poet resorts to opposition. A structural analysis of the verse “Village” (Pushkin) allows us to speak of a two-part composition.

The first part of the poem (ends with the words "The depths mature in the soul ...") reflects the idyllic picture of village life. Pushkin glorifies her peace, natural beauty, harmony, she gives inspiration and promotes creativity and poetic studies, morally cleanses. The second part is a sharp contrast, where the poet openly speaks out against autocratic despotism, points to the suffering of the oppressed people, to the unnaturalness of serfdom and the cruelty of the slave system.

The image of the lyrical hero

A lyrical hero is a person who is able to appreciate the beauty and harmony of a world that exists according to the laws of nature, which is a village. For him it’s an idyllic world, “a haven of calm ... and inspiration”, here he finds freedom. The poet paints a paradise picture: cornfields, meadows, “a garden with its coolness and flowers”, “bright streams”, “peaceful noise of oak groves”.

The hero in the first part acts as a romantic with a finely organized soul and the ability to feel the beautiful, in the second part - from a civilian position, which confirms the analysis. “The Village” (Pushkin) is a work where the lyrical “I” of the poet is dramatically transformed, the romantic turns into a politician who perfectly understands the shortcomings of the monarchical system of his country. The image of the landowners is noteworthy: “The gentry is wild, without feeling, without law ...” This ignorant oppressive force lives off “skinny slavery”.

The lyrical hero bitterly regrets that his voice cannot “disturb the heart”, therefore he is unable to change the arbitrariness in the country. His cherished dream is to see the "dawn of enlightened freedom" so that the landowners stop appropriating "both labor, property, and the time of the farmer."

Composition and Poetic Size

The poem is written in the form of an oratory in which the poet expresses the thoughts and ideas of progressive people of his time. The story begins with an appeal to the village beauties and a description of the idyll. Such an introduction is absolutely consistent with oratory. Continuing to develop his thoughts in the chosen style, the poet equally builds the second and third stanzas. He uses the same trick in the second part, starting the stanza with the word "here." The abundance of exclamatory and interrogative sentences is also determined by the oratory style. Pushkin refers to such a compositional construction for a reason. His poem is an appeal not only in content, but also in form. This is an open statement, which requires the elimination of injustice a century ago.

Structural analysis of the work “The Village” by Pushkin allows us to conclude that the poem was written by a six-foot iamba, alternating with a four -foot one . Cross rhyme, male rhyme (1st, 3rd line) alternates with female (2nd, 4th line).

Visual expressive means

Not only the content is different, but also the artistic means of different parts of the poem “Village”. The analysis of Pushkin’s work can be continued by the fact that the poet intonationally builds the beginning so that the reader is immersed in a world of peace and friendliness. This atmosphere is created thanks to the epithets: “peaceful noise”, “silence of the fields”, “azure plains”.

The second part is more expressive, the poet is indignant and excited. Hence a lot of words with a bright emotional coloring: "wild gentry", "inexorable master", "disastrous people", "painful jerk."

Conclusion

Speech against serfdom - this is the main theme of the poem "Village". A brief analysis of the Pushkin work showed that the poet rebels against the tyranny of autocracy and wants justice and freedom for the Russian people.