Aniline dyes give fabrics a rich, vibrant hue. However, they have a drawback: they are sensitive to sunlight and quickly burn out. Today, of course, dyes are characterized by a much higher quality than at the dawn of their appearance: they are more resistant to sunlight and water.
These paints are organic compounds that are obtained by the oxidation of aniline and its salts. From the point of view of chemistry, the name is outdated, but continues to be widely used in everyday life. Now they call any synthetic dyes.
The most popular manufacturers of these substances are Gamma OJSC (Moscow) and the Davydov Center. Also, many chemical plants in Russia, Ukraine produce them in the form of powders. Such aniline dyes for fabric require preliminary preparation and steaming. Moscow paints and similar products of the Center are much more convenient for work, but also require preliminary preparation.
Aniline is obtained from natural indigo, madder, cochineal, purple or chemical synthesis. Its compounds are capable of imparting different tones of very bright colors to painted surfaces. Today, paints are made not from expensive natural material, but from synthetic. It is obtained by reducing nitrobenzene.
Aniline dyes began to be widely used in industrial production from the mid-19th century. Black is very persistent, while the rest of the spectrum of colors quickly decay under the influence of light.
You need to know that aniline is a strong poison, therefore, paints made on its basis are also unsafe. When working with unprepared concentrate, but with powder, you need to be careful and try not to inhale microparticles of the substance.
Aniline dyes are convenient for work, they do not dry out as quickly on fabrics as, for example, acrylic ones. To restore the dried product to its previous properties, it is enough to dilute it with water. If during painting the fabric turned out to be too saturated shade, then it can easily be washed out to remove excess.
Such paints are good to use for paintings or decorative painting products. If painting on a piece of clothing is necessary, then dyes must be steamed first. When working with powder, you should first thoroughly grind the pigment, because undisturbed particles can appear in the painting where they are not needed at all.
In what form to buy aniline dye for the fabric, everyone decides for himself, depending on how often you have to work with it. It is more convenient to handle dyes that are already sold in liquid form. But you can buy in powder to breed as needed. You can buy paints in hardware stores and shops with goods for artists.
Aniline dyes can be used for painting on cotton, linen, woolen and synthetic fabrics.
It is better to work with such dyes with soft brushes. Aniline tends to spread quickly, which allows you to create abstract drawings without clear boundaries. But if it is necessary to avoid the spreading of the picture, then they use tragacanth glue, which is added to the liquid paint in the proportions of one to three. It is also possible to pre-coat the fabric before work with a special gelatin-based compound. Wet and dried fabric can be safely covered with acrylic compounds, which will definitely not spread anymore.
When working, aniline dyes can be mixed with each other to get more original shades.
There are also dyes for fabrics with which you can dye things in the washing machine. Use them in accordance with the instructions.