The legal right of each responsible taxpayer in Russia is to provide him with a tax deduction. There are several types of tax deductions legalized by the tax code: standard, property, professional and social.
Tax deductions for children are classified as standard and imply a decrease in the size of an individual’s income taxed at a rate of 13% That is, the total annual income taxed at a rate of 13% is reduced by the amount of the tax deduction.
The categories of citizens entitled to tax deductions for children include the following:
- biological parents;
- spouses of biological parents;
- adoptive parents, trustees, guardians;
- adoptive parents;
- their spouse, on whose support the child is.
Standard tax deductions for children are calculated separately from other standard deductions. The amount of the deduction before January 1, 2012 was 1 thousand rubles per one minor child. Since January of this year, the amount of tax deduction for children has been increased. This is stated in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, Art. 218. Now tax deductions are calculated as follows:
- 1400 rubles (for 1 child);
- 1400 rubles (for the 2nd child);
- 3000 rubles (for the 3rd and each next).
Tax deductions in case the child has a disability increased by 1 thousand rubles. compared with last year and now amount to 3 thousand rubles.
There are also restrictions on tax deductions for children:
On the age of the child. The deduction relies on children under 18 years of age. An exception is cases when a child who has reached the age of majority continues to study full-time, is a student, a graduate student. In this case, the maximum age increases to 24 years.
At the recipient’s income. Taxpayer income reaches the mark of 280 thousand rubles.
If a child is brought up by one parent, then he is entitled to a double tax deduction. When a parent marries, this rule is automatically canceled. A similar right to double deduction is enjoyed by the parent, whose spouse has submitted a written application to refuse to receive it.
The right to tax deductions for children is given to parents and all other categories of citizens in whose care the child is, starting from the first month after his birth, or from the moment of adoption.
According to the Family Code of the Russian Federation, parents who were deprived of their parental rights to a child, despite their biological relationship, cease to be called parents and no longer have any rights to benefits and, accordingly, deductions.
Standard tax deductions for children are not automatically granted. For their accrual it is necessary to provide a number of documents and a statement to the accounting department of the employer company. To the application for deduction, which is written in any form, a number of references and documents are attached:
- birth certificates of children (copies);
- a certificate of the child’s disability;
- a certificate confirming the fact of full-time education of the child at the educational institution at present (if the child has not reached the age of 24);
- a document confirming the adoption;
- income certificate (2-PIT, must be taken from the previous place of employment, if employment occurred in the current year).
Standard tax deductions are accrued both by the employer and by the leaders of all companies that pay individuals wages, the amount of which is taxable in the amount of 13%. These include royalties, rent, contract, and others. Such employers and managers are usually called tax agents.
Each citizen can use the right to a tax deduction for children once, that is, if he is registered to work in two organizations, then only in one of them the parent has the right to apply for a deduction.