Chronological table of Pushkin. The life and work of Pushkin

The creativity of the Russian literary genius A.S. Pushkin is so great and limitless that it is impossible to imagine it. A brief chronological table of Pushkin, of course, will not be able to accommodate all this. He is considered the founder of the modern Russian language. The prose writer, poet, storyteller and playwright Pushkin love to read millions of people around the world. Pushkin’s times are long gone. But his creative heritage still lives his literary life on the stage and in cinema, carrying a deep philosophical and poetic meaning, which is revealed to everyone in their own way, to the extent of upbringing and education, as well as moral and spiritual development.

Pedigree of Pushkin

In order to understand the creative ideas and lyrical moods of A.S. Pushkin, it is necessary first of all to study his biography, which he has is very stormy and interesting. The chronological table of Pushkin (his life and work) contains a lot of important dates. For a rather short period of his life, measured out to him, he was able to forever leave an indelible memory of himself, thanks to his immortal works.

The poet’s great-grandfather was the same Abram Petrovich Hannibal - the Ethiopian arap, the adoptive and favorite of Tsar Peter I, who became a well-known general of the Russian army and chief military engineer.

It is known that A. S. Pushkin is a descendant of an old noble but impoverished family of the times of Ivan the Terrible. Sergei L. Pushkin, the poet’s parent, was a retired major who married the secular lady Nadezhda Osipovna, Hannibal as a girl. Their marriage was considered a misalliance, as they had a big age difference.

Pushkin's mother was the grandniece of her husband, Sergei Lvovich. They got married in 1796. Their marriage was strong enough. They had eight children, but five of them died in infancy. There were only Olga, Alexander and Leo, whose upbringing was often carried out by frequently changing foreign tutors.

Children's years of Pushkin, 1799-1811

The boy, who was named Alexander, was born in 1799, May 26 (according to the new calendar on June 6). Then his parents lived in Moscow, on the street German, in the house of Skvortsov. The boy grew up playful and playful, he was simply adored by his own grandmother, Hannibal Maria Alekseevna, whom he often visited in Zakharovo, near Moscow. She was the very first to attach her grandson to reading and writing and tell different stories from family traditions. His second best friend was his beloved nanny, Arina Rodionovna. She instilled in her little future genius a love of Russian folklore.

Already at the age of nine, Pushkin got acquainted with his father’s library and became interested in reading the works of such famous poets and writers as Homer, Voltaire, Plutarch, etc. Inspired by the work of Moliere, he wrote his first poem in French, trying his then still untapped talent in Russian versification.

Lyceum, 1811-1817

In the fall of 1811, Pushkin entered a higher educational institution, the Imperial Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum for noble children. It is here that Pushkin forms his own attitude and political convictions, he reveals himself as a magnificent poet. His lyrical mood is full of delight and joy. It was in the Lyceum that Pushkin's real poetic life begins to seethe.

He writes about 130 poems, including "Window", "To a friend of the poet", "Desire" and others. The original language and simplicity of presentation distinguished his poems from the works of other young contemporary poets. The critic V. G. Belinsky already then saw in him the makings of a future national poet. During his studies at the Lyceum, Pushkin was admitted to the literary circle "Arzamas", published in the journal "Russian Museum" and proceeded to the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila."

Pushkin and Derzhavin, 1815

The chronological table of Pushkin contains another very interesting and important event for the poet, about which he will once again recall in his memoirs. Once, in January 1815, a very old Derzhavin was then present at a public exam at a lyceum. All lyceum students were very worried before the performance. When Pushkin went out to read his poem “Memoirs in Tsarskoye Selo”, Derzhavin immediately became very lively, his eyes sparkled. Pushkin reached the place where Derzhavin’s name was mentioned, his voice rang, and his heart was beating very fast. When he finished, Derzhavin was delighted and certainly wanted to hug the gifted lad, but Pushkin escaped, and then they simply did not find him.

In the summer of 1817, lyceum students take final exams. It is worth mentioning that several lyceum friends later participated in the Decembrist uprising of 1825. After the release, Pushkin’s biographical story is gaining a new round, and the poet begins a fascinating independent life.

Petersburg life, 1817-1820

Immediately after the Lyceum, Pushkin left for St. Petersburg and entered the State Collegium for Foreign Affairs. There, the poet’s life will be filled not only with fun and carelessness, he will manifest a progressive streak of patriotism, liberal views and moods, which the noble youth lived at that time. He will write his famous ode “Liberty”, poems “To Chaadaev”, “Village”, etc. Pushkin becomes a very popular and famous person in secular circles, his political poems cause genuine interest among the public. For this he will pay. Tsar Alexander I wants to send Pushkin to exile in Siberia. But the intercession of Zhukovsky and Karamzin will save the fearless poet from this severe punishment, and he will be sent to serve in the Caucasus.

South Link, 1820-1822

At first he lived in the Caucasus, then went to the Crimea, Chisinau, Odessa. Over the years in the southern exile, he ponders a lot and intensively works on such famous works as “The Prisoner of the Caucasus” and “The Fountain of Bakhchisarai”. At the same time, he writes a parody of the poem "Gabrieliada", playing around the plot of the holy Gospel, which he will later regret for the rest of his life. But then, young and hot, he was still very far from this, since in Chisinau he entered the Masonic lodge.

Link in Mikhailovsky, 1824-1825

For participation in Freemasonry, which Alexander I forbade by his decree on August 1, 1822, A.S. Pushkin was sent under house arrest to his family estate, the village of Mikhailovskoye, near Pskov. After crowded and noisy Odessa, Pushkin's life changed, the restless lyrics were very sad and boring there. Only creativity became his salvation and retained firmness of mind. He spent almost two years there. The nanny Arina Rodionovna in the evenings entertained him with fairy tales. His lonely life was also brightened up by trips to the neighbor-landowner Praskovya Aleksandrovna Osipova, where he once accidentally met Anna Kern, to whom the poem “I remember a wonderful moment” was dedicated.

In Mikhailovsky, he also begins to work on the historical drama Boris Godunov, while often visiting the library of the Svyatogorsky Assumption Monastery, talking with monks, changing his views and spiritual life. From his pen comes “Eugene Onegin” and the poem “Gypsies”. So passed the exile years of Pushkin.

Wedding with Natalia Goncharova

Pushkin, who was engaged to Goncharova, was forced to leave for Boldino to settle his inheritance affairs, and he had to stay there for three months. Fleeing from gloomy thoughts, he is intensely working on famous fairy tales and works: “Little Tragedies”, “Tales of the late Ivan Belkin”, without which Pushkin’s biography written by any author is unthinkable today.

The chronological table, placed below, did not ignore the important fact that in Moscow in February 1831 A.S. Pushkin was married to Natalie Goncharova. The marriage with her became truly fatal for him, and brought him both happiness and grief. His wife was so beautiful that drove crazy not only the court gentlemen, but also the most senior nobles.

The Pushkin family had four children. Then he worked at the court of Tsar Nicholas I as a junker. But it was the lowest noble rank, which degraded the dignity of the poet. There was not enough money, so the debts of the family grew, and all this made Pushkin weak. At this time, he writes the stories The Queen of Spades, The Bronze Horseman, and the novel Dubrovsky, which she won’t be able to finish.

After some time, he resigns, works a lot in the state archives and wants to write about Pugachev, creates the journal Sovremennik, which publishes N.V. Gogol, A. I. Turgenev, V. A. Zhukovsky, but things haven’t been get along.

Duel with Dantes

Pushkin and his wife were gradually braided by a network of intrigue and slander, since the persistent young Frenchman Dantes did not allow passage to Natalia Goncharova. Then Pushkin, defending the honor of his wife and his family, was simply forced to challenge Dantes to a duel. The fight took place on January 27, 1837. In this duel, A. S. Pushkin was mortally wounded. Two days later in St. Petersburg, he died from excruciating pains and blood poisoning, taking communion from an Orthodox priest a few minutes before his death.

February 6, 1837 he was buried in the cemetery of the Holy Assumption Monastery, which is located 5 km from the poet’s family estate, the village of Mikhailovskoye, Pskov region.

Here she is - beautiful, bright, but very short - the life story of Pushkin, the greatest Russian poet. Contemporaries now can only regret that his life ended so early and so tragically.

Brief Chronological Table of Pushkin's Life

The life of A.S. Pushkin was dazzlingly bright and eventful. However, not as happy as we would like. This chronological table of Pushkin contains only a small part of the events that the great poet had to go through.