According to the exact instructions of the Federal State Educational Standard (GEF), in the "Program for the education and training of preschool children" there are rules for charging in various groups. They are composed taking into account the characteristics of the development of children - both physical and mental.
The complex of morning exercises in each age group of kindergarten has its own characteristics. For kids, they are composed in a playful way. Children depict either birds, or bunnies, or mother's helpers. In the preparatory group, more attention is paid to the correct execution of movements, breathing during charging. If for the toddler the teacher shows the exercises without fail, then the older preschoolers are more organized and often the teacher sets up some child’s performance technique to show. At this time, the teacher has the opportunity to pay more attention to conducting individual work with other children.
The morning gymnastics complex is performed either inside the building (in the hall or on the carpet in the group) or outdoors (in the warm season, in the garden area allocated for the group). Sometimes it is planned to jog around a certain area before performing the main types of exercises.
In the article, we consider approximate examples of the morning gymnastics complex in different groups of the institution, starting with the crèche. They significantly differ in their requirements from the conditions of work and work with older children.
Differences in requirements
Little children often cry after coming to kindergarten, because many still have a period of adaptation. If the child does not want to do exercises, perform a set of morning exercises, then you do not need to force him. If desired, he, after calming down, he himself will join the other children. If the baby did not want this, but remained to sit in the corner of the room, then there is no need to disturb him. The main thing in this period is the child’s addiction, and it’s useful to do exercises only in a good mood. Nobody needs to perform a morning gymnastics complex with tears in his eyes.
Older children have passed the difficult period of adaptation long ago, even brand-new preschoolers aged 5-6 years old endure separation from their parents much easier. Therefore, all children do exercises. Requirements for the quality of the morning gymnastics complex according to GEF are more stringent on the part of the educator. Great attention is paid to the organization, discipline and quality of performance of each movement. The child should clearly understand what the initial position is, what requirements for setting the back, the position of other parts of the body are given for each type of exercise.
At this age, children should already understand the benefits of performing the morning gymnastics complex for human health, and try to do everything right.
Manger charge example
Gymnastics called "Flowers". Children are involved in action in a playful way. First, they go after the adult in free order, then stop and turn to the teacher, acting according to the teacher.
Exercise "Big Flowers".
- Starting position: legs are slightly apart, hands are freely lowered along the trunk.
- Following the tutor, they raise their hands to the ceiling, showing how large flowers have grown. Then return to the starting position. Sipping 4 times is repeated.
Exercise "Sprouts of flowers."
- I. p. - similar.
- At the signal, the children crouch after the adults, their hands are placed on their knees, showing how the small flowers look. Repeat all the same 4 times.
At the end, the morning gymnastics exercises complex ends with a flock of groups after the tutor.
Charging in the younger group
Toddlers of three years make exercises more organized. The structure of gymnastics, which has three components, is already being traced. The first consists of different types of walking, the second includes general developmental exercises, the latter is breathing exercises.
Consider an example complex of morning exercises in the younger group, which is carried out in the form of a game.
"Walk in the winter"
First part. Walking is done in a circle. On raised socks, palms lie on the hips. On the back of the foot, hands are held behind the head. Short run for 30 seconds. Walking ends with the children holding hands and making an even circle.
General developmental exercises.
- "Let's warm our hands." Starting position: the legs are put "on small rails", that is, they are slightly apart, the arms are lowered side down. Raise their hands in front of the chest and make a couple of pops, again lower them down. Repeat this movement 4-5 times.
- "Frozen legs." Starting position: similar to the previous one. 1. Several times jump in place (5-6 times). 2. Stomp their feet on the floor. 3. The hops are repeated again.
- The last part. Children walk around the carpet and do breathing exercises.
An approximate complex of morning exercises in the middle group
This charge is performed with additional items, namely with the sultans. If someone does not understand what they are, then these are several ribbons tied in a bundle and attached to a small stick. Children love to do exercises with different objects. For charging, balls and cubes, rattles and flags, ropes and plastic sticks, small hoops are used. Then read the morning gymnastics complex in the middle group step by step.
Charging with multi-colored sultans
Warm up. Children go in the column for the leading child. Further along, walking on raised socks, slowly on the heels, jumps are performed, without interrupting the movement. Running at a steady pace. Walking followed by a two-column lane.
General developmental exercises:
- Sultans are alternately pushed forward with one or the other hand. The legs are located at a short distance.
- Objects raised to the ceiling are lowered together left and right. After each tilt, the body position is fixed evenly, the sultans leaned against the chest.
- Squats with stretching sultans in front of you. Hands should be parallel to the floor.
- Jumps with alternating exposure of objects in front of you.
All charging elements are repeated 4-5 times.
The ending. Walking with a lane around the perimeter of the carpet. Exercises are performed in order to restore even breathing. At the same time, they raise the sultans up through the sides.
Morning gymnastics complex in the preparatory group
Since charging in the senior and preparatory group includes similar types of exercises, the number of repetitions also corresponds. Below we describe the exercises that are often performed during the warm-up.
Children 6 or 7 years old do exercises for 10-12 minutes with repetitions of general developmental exercises 7 or more times. Children are already familiar with many types of exercises, they know the correct order in which they should occur. Consider the requirements for the morning gymnastics complex in the preparatory group with plastic short sticks. You can replace them with the same rope size.
Exercising with older preschool children
Start of the workout. While moving around the perimeter of the hall, children perform different types of walking, learned earlier. These can be movements on raised toes, inner or outer sides of the foot, side gallop, jumps, with high alternate raising of legs, etc. On the way, children carefully take sticks from a basket or rope prepared by the teacher in the unfolded form.
Main part. Gymnastics is done according to the rules from top to bottom, the muscles of the neck and forearm are loaded first. Then movements for the load on the hands are given. The spinal muscles develop during flexion in different directions. Then the muscles of the lower body of the child are trained. Legs become strong as a result of squats, jumps or lifting to the level of the belt. In this case, the knee can be fixed with a stick or rope. You can jump over an object laid out on the floor.
The final phase. Children are reconstructed in one column, on the way they put gymnastic sticks in a basket in turn. Charging ends as usual - restoring even breathing.
Morning workout is not only useful for the development of motor skills, but also significantly improves the mood of children after breaking up with their parents.