Bitumen mastic is a very ductile material with fairly high binding and waterproofing qualities. All kinds of fillers in the form of asbestos dust, limestone dust-like powders, mineral water, as well as quartz and brick elements are added to the ingredients during the manufacturing process at the plant. Among other things, in the manufacturing process of bitumen mastic, combined ash is used, which is formed during the combustion of fuels containing mineral additives. All these components contribute to improved performance, they increase hardness, resistance to low temperatures, as well as density. The special composition has a positive effect on the flow rate of the material. Fibrous fillers provide the ability of the material to be reinforced, increasing resistance to any bending, which increases the area of use.
General description of the material
Bitumen mastic, consumption per 1 m2 of which will be mentioned in the article below, is divided according to the principle of hardening into cured and non-cured types. There are species that contain water and organic solvents. In the open air, the material hardens within an hour after application, forming a smooth elastic surface, which has the quality of resistance to negative external influences, such as precipitation.
If we consider the advantages of this composition, we should highlight its high adhesive ability, resistance to biological processes, as well as water-repellent qualities, which makes it possible to successfully use the material in the open air. Bitumen mastic, the consumption of 1 m2 of which is very important for the master, is widely used for waterproofing reinforced concrete and concrete surfaces, as well as metal structures in the process of repair and construction works. There is one limitation that must be taken into account: the use of the mixture is prohibited inside buildings.
Composition Consumption
Mastic can be hot or cold. The last option is made on the basis of a solvent or water, and application to the surface is carried out without prior heating. Consumption will depend on the type of material. If we are talking about a hot composition, then it guarantees the creation of a non-shrink layer, which does not change its thickness during application. If you will use bitumen mastic, the consumption per 1m2 should be known to you. On average, it ranges from 0.8 to 1 kilogram. These parameters are correct when gluing surfaces. If there is a need to waterproof the base, then the flow rate can be increased up to 3 kilograms per square meter. In this case, the layer thickness should be equal to two millimeters. To achieve a layer of 2 millimeters in the dry residue, 3.5-3.8 kilograms per square meter will be needed.
For reference
In most cases, bituminous mastic has a dry residue ranging from 20 to 70%. With a minimum rate (20%), the flow rate will be 3 times higher compared to a higher number (70%). The higher the dry residue, the lower the cost and the complexity of the work.
Consumption of mastic of the Technonikol brand
Recently, bitumen mastic “Technonikol 24” has gained great popularity among consumers. This material is ready for use, it is modified with artificial rubber and has additives in the form of mineral fillers. Among the ingredients you can find organic solvents and processing aids. The coatings formed with this mixture guarantee high-strength adhesion to the rough surface. Among the additional features, the quality of moisture resistance, elasticity and low thermal conductivity can be distinguished. If you are interested in such a bitumen mastic, the consumption per 1 m2 should be known to you in order to calculate the required amount of material. Thus, 3.5 kilograms will be sufficient for the area mentioned. This indicator is the maximum, while the minimum is 2.5 kilograms. This is true for jobs that involve waterproofing. For bonding materials with the composition, a volume of 1 kilogram per square meter will be used up.
Characteristics of TechnoNIKOL mastic
Bitumen mastic (GOST 26589-94) can be used for waterproofing works in the field of reinforced concrete, wooden, concrete and other building structures. The temperature range of application is limited to indicators ranging from -20 to +40 degrees. Before application, the material must be kept in a warm room for a day. Bitumen mastic, GOST which guarantees the quality of the material, can be stored at temperatures from -20 to +30 degrees for 18 months. Water absorption by mass for 24 hours is 0.4%, while heat resistance is 80 degrees.
Application technology
Liquid bitumen is used for priming. The surface is treated with a liquefied emulsion paste, then a mastic is applied, and at the final stage a protective layer is formed. This can be staining, lining, using gravel or coarse sand. Some varieties of bitumen mastic are used as an adhesive base for the installation of rolled material. If you decide to use latex roofing material, then you can paint it in a color that will be suitable for the exterior of the building. In this case, experts advise not to use those dyes that contain water.
Whether liquid bitumen will exhibit all its best technical characteristics during operation depends on the correctness of the work to prepare the composition. One-component mixtures are quite convenient and easy to apply. After opening the container, you can immediately start work. If you purchased a two-component mastic, then you will need to mix. The last kind of mastic provides for more careful following the instructions.
Drawing bituminous mastic on the foundation
Bituminous mastic for the foundation can be applied to the surface only after it has matured. The master must clean from dirt, dust and sand, and to increase adhesion, you need to treat the base with a bitumen primer. If a larger volume of the emulsion has been absorbed, then bearing should be repeated. The degree of density of the coating should be determined by the saturation of black. The primer should be applied with a roller or mowler. After the primer dries, which will happen a day later, the main coat can be applied. If the mixture is excessively thick, then it can be diluted with white spirit. Mixing is best done with a drill with a mixer. If you will be manipulating on a frosty day, then the mastic should be heated to 45-50 degrees in a metal container.
Conclusion
Bitumen mastic, the characteristic of which was presented in detail in the article, should be applied using a roller, spatula or construction brush. The layer should not be too thick and have streaks. However, the mixture should not be smeared on the surface either. If you need to apply in 2 layers, then you should wait for the drying of the previous one, as for the third layer. More than three layers are rarely applied.