For those who want to learn how to draw, it is very important to know what composition is and what its types and rules are. Indeed, in order to write a picture or draw a picture, you need to have a clear idea of what exactly you want to see at the exit. Therefore, it is necessary to think over all the details, the arrangement of objects and characters, the plot. Translated from Latin, the word "composition" means a combination, connection, compilation of different parts and elements into a single whole in order to convey your idea or idea. Try, for example, to draw the simplest still life without building it compositionally. Most likely, it will turn out depicted not in the center of the sheet, but somewhere on the side. And not what you painted will be striking, but an empty space. Or it will happen that some object simply does not fit, because you did not observe the proportions, disrupting the composition.
The following types of composition that are applicable not only in the visual arts, but also in architecture and design:
- Frontal - has a flat shape with a shallow depth. When creating it, you need to take into account its flatness, whether it be a picture or a bas-relief. To fulfill this requirement, the nature of the color and tonal contrasts between the elements, as well as their textures and lines, which either form a plane or destroy it, should be taken into account.
- Volumetric - has three dimensions: width, height and depth. This composition can be viewed from all sides, and none of them will look flat.
- Deep spatial - used in the case of creating all kinds of interiors. She is built from a variety of various items of various sizes, shapes, textures, purposes. But all together these objects form one harmonious whole and are combined with each other.
In addition to species, there are special rules for composition. They are aimed at making the work of art as expressive as possible and fully reflect the intention of the creator. So, for example, a composition can be built on contrasts, and in all senses of the word. This can be a plot combination (good-evil, funny-sad, calm-dynamic, etc.), and the contrast of values (large-small), and color or tonal contrasts (light on dark, dark on light). That's what a composition is, built and thought out correctly.
Learning to draw, you need to start with the simplest objects, best geometric. This will gradually hone the eye, and the accuracy of the lines, and a sense of shape and color, and technique. Try to draw a regular cube. And then draw it, but turn it around a bit. Place it on a sheet so that it does not appear either too large or too small. When you fill your hand a little, add another object to the cube, for example, a prism that is larger or smaller in height. Feel what the composition is: arrange the objects so that they look harmonious. A larger item is necessarily behind a smaller one.
So, very slowly, but surely, you will learn how to position objects correctly, make their construction and measure their relationship to each other. What does this mean? And the fact that, only by measuring, it is possible to achieve the accuracy of the drawing so that one of the objects on it does not look more or less than the original in relation to another element. And a ruler for these purposes is completely unnecessary (however, since you are an artist, now you don’t need it at all, we draw everything by hand). You need a regular pencil with which you draw. Take it and holding it vertically (if you need to measure the ratio of the height of objects), point at your nature, stretching out your hand forward. Select a smaller item. Squint one eye and aim the pencil so that its tip coincides with the uppermost part of the subject. Now put your finger in the place of the pencil, which coincides with the bottom. Everything, you have fixed the height. And now, holding the “lock”, point it at a larger object and check how many heights of the small fit in its height. After that, measure your drawing as well. In such a simple way, you can measure any proportions.
We hope that now it has become more clear to you what composition is and what its purpose is. Thanks to the knowledge of its most elementary foundations, you can create any kind of artwork.