On the northern coast of the Ligurian Sea (part of the Mediterranean Sea between the island of Corsica and the coast of Italy) is the city of Genoa in Italy. It is located on the shores of the Gulf of Genoa.
The article describes the attractions of Genoa (Italy). In this city, historical monuments of culture related to the history of the country have been preserved to this day, many of them are under the protection of UNESCO as World Heritage Sites.
History of the city
Archaeological excavations indicate that on the territory of the future city of Genoa in Italy there was a small fishing settlement. It was destroyed by the troops of the Phoenician state in 209 BC.
After the ruin of the Roman Empire (176 BC), the territory in the VIII century was conquered by a group of Germanic tribes (Franks). Two hundred years later, this city became one of the largest ports in the Mediterranean region. During this period, fortifications were built to protect the city. At that time, trade relations were established with Spain and with the states of the Middle East.
By the end of the tenth century, the city was considered a developed fortified port from external enemies. This position of Genoa gave rise to independence in the 12th century and became a city-state. Genoa competed with many European seaports, but formally was under the control of the Roman Empire.
From the XIV century and for four centuries, the Genoese state gradually, due to the economic crisis, loses its influence in Europe, having sold its colonies, a number of islands of the Mediterranean Sea. In 1797, the French emperor Bonaparte Napoleon I made the politically and economically weakened Genoese republic part of France.
In 1914, a pan-European conference was held in Vienna, at which a decision was made to join Genoa to the administrative region of Piedmont. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the city of Genoa in Italy has again become the best seaport. He begins to develop in this direction. Now the city of Genoa in Italy is the center of industry and shipbuilding. It is included in the main industrial triangle of the country (Milan - Turin - Genoa).
The name of the city of Genoa in Italy comes from the Latin word genua (translated "knee"), since the city is located on the bend of the coastline. There is a myth that has come down to our time, which says that its founder was the god Giano (Etruscan god of the Sun and all undertakings). Since God has two faces, the city itself is turned on one side to the sea, and the other to the mountains.
According to the decision of UNESCO, since 2004 the tourist and scientific center - the city of Genoa - is considered the capital of European culture. It annually attracts lovers of world history from all over the world.
The city’s travel agency has Russian-speaking guides for tourists from Russia who organize excursions to the most interesting sights of Genoa in Italy.
Ferrari Square. Description of the place
Between the old part of the city and the modern business center, the main square is located - Ferrari Square. Until the 19th century, San Domenico Square, small in size, was named on this site because it was named because the church building of St. Dominic was located nearby. In 1815, the territory of the Republic of Genoa was annexed to the Kingdom of Sardinia. Then it was decided to build a modern city center on the site of the old square.
For this, the church and several buildings were demolished. During construction, a monument was erected to the national hero of Italy, Giuseppe Garibaldi. And the square in 1887 received the name of the Italian diplomat and patron of the Duke Rafael de Ferrari.
Now in the center of public life in Genoa (Italy), tourists can see the main opera house. It was built in 1828 and named after the ruler of Genoa, the Duke of Carlo Felice of Savoy. Guests of the city can also visit the Museum of Fine Arts, whose expositions are in the palace of the Ligurian Academy and many other historical buildings surrounding Ferrari.
In the middle of the square is a fountain. It was built in 1936 at the expense of the Piaggio family, which owns an engineering company manufacturing Italian motorcycles and scooters.
Aquarium of Genoa. What is interesting?
What else is worth seeing in Genoa in Italy? Photos from the aquarium of this city fascinate with its beauty. Therefore, every tourist should visit this interesting place. In 1992, the Expo-1992 World Exhibition was held in Genoa.
By this time, the opening of the second largest aquarium in Europe took place on the territory of the old Genoese port. Now the structure is designed as a pirate ship and received the name - "Big Blue Ship". The author was the Italian architect Renzo Pianu.
Initially, a project was being developed to demonstrate the marine fauna of the Ligurian and Caribbean seas (the path that the navigator followed in 1492 on his way to the New World). In 1998, it was decided to expand the exposure of the aquarium.
An additional structure was added to the main building in the form of a pirate ship, more than a hundred meters long, in which nineteen more marine aquariums were placed. The Big Blue Ship covers an area of 3100 m². He is a member of the European Association of Zoos and Aquariums. Nearby is the "Biosphere", which is a twenty-meter glass ball in which you can see the flora and fauna of the forests of South America.
Maritime Museum. When did it open and why is it interesting?
In the northern part of the old port is one of the oldest buildings in Genoa, built in the early seventeenth century. This is the palace of Galata, which is intended for the warehouse of military weapons of the navy. After three hundred years, the arsenal lost its significance and was closed. After restoration work in 2004, a maritime museum was opened here.
The exhibits are located on the territory of about 10 thousand square meters. m., where tourists can familiarize themselves with the development of navigation in Europe, as well as inspect the originals of ship parts, marine tools, maps and models of ships of past centuries. Most of the exposition is dedicated to the activities of the explorer of the Middle Ages Christopher Columbus, who went down in history as the discoverer of the shores of America. In 2009, the largest submarine of the Italian Naval Forces Nazario Sauro was moored to the pier, which is near. Now the submarine has been converted into a museum exhibit for inspection by tourists and city guests.
Church of Santa Maria di Castello
What to see in Genoa (Italy)? The church of Santa Maria di Castello is considered part of the religious complex of the Catholic monastic order, founded by the Spanish monk Dominic (Order of the Dominicans). It is located in the old part of the city on Castello Hill. The structure was built in 900, at the place where the fortress erected by the ancient Romans stood.
The church is considered active, tourists can examine the interior where the works of Alessandro Gerardini, Pierre Francesco Sacchi, Giuseppe Palmieri and other great artists are located. The collection is composed of paintings donated at different times by the noble families of the city.
Particular attention is paid to preserving the crude stucco painting depicting The Stories of David (the second king of the people of Israel). The work was done in the 16th century by local artists.
In reviews of Genoa, Italy, tourists write that it is especially important to see the altar. It is considered very valuable. It has survived unchanged to our time from the XVII century.
Lantern Lighthouse
What are the sights of Italy that deserve attention? What to watch in Genoa? The symbol of the city is the main lighthouse of the Mediterranean port of Genoa. The peculiarity of this structure is that it is considered one of the oldest lighthouses in the world and the highest Mediterranean Sea. The first on this site was built in 1128 and was located outside the city. For several centuries, the city has grown. Then the lighthouse was inside the city walls.
Firewood was originally used to maintain fire at night. After 200 years, a lamp was installed on the tower. She worked on oil obtained from the fruits of the olive tree. The lighthouse was rebuilt several times for various reasons. And since 1400, some time was used as a prison.
According to historical documents, it is known that on this lighthouse were kept as a hostage a military figure of the Kingdom of Cyprus, King Jean II de Lusignan and his second wife Charlotte de Bourbon. Throughout the entire existence of the lighthouse, the lighting system was constantly modified.
In 1840, a rotating Fresnel lens was installed, due to which an increase in light intensity was achieved. In 1913 and 1936, work was carried out to completely modernize the system. As a result, the lighthouse switched to electric lighting. During the Second World War, the structure was damaged.
After the hostilities, restoration and restoration work was carried out. Since 1956, the lighthouse again began to fulfill its functions. Tourists can see this attraction, and get acquainted with the modern lighting system, climbing to a height of 77 meters along the stone steps, the total number of which is 375.
Near the lighthouse is a small building in which the museum is located. There you can familiarize yourself with the history of the construction of this building. An interesting fact: in 1449, the lighthouse keeper was Antonio Colombo - the uncle of Christopher Columbus.
Royal Palace in Genoa (Italy): photo and description of the attraction
Via Balbi, which is located on the outskirts of the old part of the city, was created by decision of Stefano Balbi (a member of the clan of wealthy Genoese bankers) in 1618, and has retained its appearance to this day, where there are prestigious buildings of past centuries. The main attraction and pride of the Genoese is the Royal Palace.
The building was built in the seventeenth century according to the project of the Italian architect Pierre Francesco Cantone for the Balbi family.
In 1677, the new owner of the palace Eugenio Durazzo reconstructs the building. It becomes similar to the Roman palace buildings. After 127 years, the palace becomes the property of the kings of the Savoy dynasty. Then it is rebuilt under the royal residence.
Now the palace building is the property of the state, where various institutions are located. Tourists can visit the palace and visit the museum on the second floor, where there are royal rooms, furnished with furniture of past centuries.
Here, among numerous exhibits, under the special protection are two paintings of the 7th century Flemish painter Van Dyck: “Crucifixion” and “Portrait of a Lady”. After the restoration work, visitors can inspect the throne, reception and dance halls.
Family holidays with children. Where can I go with my child to Genoa?
Considering that there are many children of different ages among tourists, in Genoa and in the vicinity the city government has created many children's entertainment attractions. In addition to the famous aquarium, Nervi Park is very popular. There are various children's attractions.
Near the city there is an equestrian center. Here, children can go on horseback rides accompanied by an instructor or receive several riding lessons.
Near the Museum of the Sea is the museum building Internazionale del Cinema ("International Cinema"). There are models and equipment that were used to shoot famous films.
During the tour, children will learn how special effects and cartoons are created in the museum. In the central part of the city, a special museum Kids in the City ("Children in the city") was created. Here, informative excursions are conducted in a playful way, during which children of different ages learn about the world around them. The peculiarity of this museum is that all exhibits can be touched by hands.
Popular beaches of the city
Now let's talk about a beach holiday in Genoa (Italy). For lovers of outdoor activities in the city, various zones are equipped with their characteristics.
Boccadasse Beach is owned by local governments. It is located in the eastern part of the main city promenade of Corso. This beach of Genoa (Italy) is covered with fine sea sand. In the territory of this zone for vacationers there is a bar with soft drinks.
Where else can you spend a beach holiday in Genoa (Italy)? The Bagni Vittoria zone (Bagni Vittoria) is popular for those tourists who are not disturbed by city noise. There are several sports fields and sports equipment rentals.
The beaches of Albaro and Arenzano. Description of these places
Spiaggia Arenzano ("Arenzano") - located in the western part of the city Genoa beach (Italy). In the reviews, people write that this area is popular with couples who arrived in the city with children. The sea in this region is warm with a pebble bottom and has a gentle slope. The territory, consisting of many bays and lagoons, protected from wind and sea waves, creates privacy and silence. Fans of fishing have the opportunity, taking advantage of a boat rental, to go fishing.
Beach Albaro Beach (Albaro Beach) is designed for elite tourists. Since past times, Albaro has been considered a prestigious area. Here, at one time, the English poet George Byron, writer Charles Dickens and many other celebrities rested. The beach, on which there are cafes and restaurants with a menu of national Italian cuisine, has a developed infrastructure created according to the international standard.
Popular city hotels. Where to stay for tourists?
A large number of tourists come to Genoa annually. Therefore, the city government built hotels in Genoa (Italy) of various categories. There is also the opportunity to arrange private guest houses.
The five-star Melia Genova is considered the best hotel in the city. It is located in a residential area (ten minutes walk to the center). Guests have free access to the wellness center, which has an indoor pool, gym and Turkish bath. The price of the hotel (65 € per person per night) includes a morning buffet, sorted by national dishes.
Opposite the train station is Hotel Continental 4 *. This Genoa hotel (Italy) is popular with tourists from Russia. Since all the attendants speak Russian and English. The hotel building is located near the metro station and bus stops leading to the city center. The room rate for two people per day is set at 100 €.
Hotel Genova 3 * is located in the very center of the city (the will of the De Ferrari metro station). The building was built in medieval style. Each room has a minibar, safe, TV, work desk and bathroom. Near the Royal Palace and the Opera House is the three-star Best Western Hotel Metropoli.
All rooms are equipped with a minibar, TV and telephone with international connection. They are located with a view of the city. The room rate for two people is one hundred euros.
Popular guest house for tourists
Among a large number of private guest houses, the living conditions in which, unlike hotels, are close to home, Baian is very popular. The cottage is located on the shores of the Gulf of Genoa. From the summer area of the house overlooks the sea. Guest apartments are designed for couples with children. A weekly stay for five people will cost about 1200 €.
National dishes of Genoa
We have already talked about holidays (active and beach) in Italy. Genoa has its own national cuisine. We’ll talk about it further. Hospitable waiters of cafes and restaurants will surely offer guests of the city to try the national dishes of the legionnaires of Ancient Rome and the Genoese sailors, which are prepared according to old recipes only here.
Italian farinata is the favorite dish of ancient sailors. It is a round baked product made from Turkish peas (chickpea flour), olive oil and water. There is a myth that has survived to our time, which says that the sailors after the conquest of the Italian city of Pisa (1406), returned home. During the storm, several barrels of olive oil and chickpea flour were broken. All this was mixed with sea water. And since there was no longer food on the ship, the sailors dried the mixture in the sun. The resulting cake was called "Pisa's gold." And from the 13th century, flour products became a favorite treat of the Genoese.
In Genoa, they cook according to an old recipe and the second type of tortilla - focaccia, which includes various fillings of tomato, cheese, olives and various smoked meats.
The pride of the national cuisine of the city is the famous pesto sauce (Pesto alla genovese, which is translated from Italian as “crush”, “grind”). The homeland of this supplement to various meat and pasta dishes is Genoa. For the first time, the recipe and method for preparing this sauce was described in the first cookbook - a guide to Genoese cuisine in 1863.
After a while, he became popular with gourmets in many European countries. The basis of the delicacy includes basil leaves, Italian pine pine seeds, hard cheese made from sheep’s milk and the first extraction of olive oil. The prepared mixture is ground in a marble mortar.
Useful information for tourists who come to rest in the famous city of Italy
Due to the special geographical location of the city, Genoa has a special climate: the Apennine mountains protect it from the cold in winter, and the Mediterranean winds protect it from the summer heat. The hottest months are June and August. It should be borne in mind that during this period, food and accommodation prices increase.
September for tourists is considered the ideal time of the year for travel. Since the city’s guests are becoming much less and therefore the cost in all areas of service is reduced. It is usually not cold in Genoa in the fall, but it often rains at this time.
For lovers of winter travel, the second half of December is considered the best time. At this time, pre-holiday fairs are organized on the city squares. There you can buy a variety of souvenirs and gifts for a reasonable price. Throughout Italy, the main currency is everywhere the euro.
For convenience, it is better for Russian tourists to make an exchange of Russian rubles before traveling. In many restaurants, cafes and hotels it is possible to pay by credit card.
City transport network: metro, city buses, trolleybuses, taxis, allows you to move around the city in any direction. There is a common ticket system. Thanks to her, you can use any transport (except taxi).
A ticket worth 3.5 € can be purchased at public transport. It is important to know that the purchased travel document is valid only 24 hours from the moment of its acquisition. The cost of a taxi in the city is 10 € for every three km.
How to get there Different options for tourists
You can get to Genoa from Moscow using the aircraft of the S7 company of the Russian holding (formerly the company was called Siberia). They make direct flights from Sheremetyevo to the international airport in Genoa (Italy) Christopher Columbus. The port is located from the city center at a distance of seven kilometers.
In order to save money, you can make a flight from Moscow to Milan, and then get to Genoa by rail. If you choose this option, the cost in one direction will cost 90 € (Moscow-Milan - 70 €, Milan-Genoa - 20 €).
Tips for those who first arrived in the famous city of Italy
To purchase a tour to Genoa, it is advisable to contact the tour desk. Some agencies have a Schengen visa application, which is required to enter the territory of the Italian Republic. Russian tourists on the first day of arrival in Genoa should contact the tourist center. It is located on Piazza Ferrari (the agency works only on weekdays).
A Russian-speaking employee will tell you what major attractions should be examined, how to get to them using public transport. Introduces the content of excursion programs.
Holidays in Italy. Reviews of tourists about Genoa
City guests love Genoa. This settlement is quite large and interesting. According to tourists, here you can have a good rest, have fun. In the reviews of Genoa, Italy, tourists write that the sights here are very interesting. All of them are certainly worthy of attention. Anyone planning a vacation trip to Genoa (Italy) should definitely get acquainted with every architectural monument in the city. Tourists say that at least once all the sights should be seen by everyone.
Little conclusion
Now you know how to get to the city of Genoa in Italy, what makes this settlement interesting. We also examined the local beaches and hotels. We hope that this information was not only interesting for you, but also quite useful. We wish you a wonderful stay in the famous city of Italy.