Devices that incorporate an inverting amplifier are widely used in everyday life and in production. Circuits using this element serve to amplify / attenuate analog signals, and are used in many household appliances: tape recorders, televisions, radios, etc. In production, an inverting amplifier is widely used in control, protection or control circuits of various units and mechanisms. It is indispensable for many devices that work in conditions where maximum performance is needed. Good performance has made it a key element in many electronic circuits. The device is compact, has built-in overload protection and operates in a fairly wide temperature range.
The principle of its action is quite simple. It converts the input signal in accordance with the laid coefficient, inverts it. In other words, if the inverting amplifier has a gain equal to unity, then at the output we get a
mirror image of the input signal. This property is widely used to implement a wide variety of functions: division, multiplication, summation, etc.
Unfortunately, in practice, the operation of the device differs from ideal. The main problem is the drift of the output signal in the region of zero. This occurs when the device is asymmetrical or unstable or the temperature of its operation changes.
This leaves its mark on the quality of analog conversions and, ultimately, affects the operation of all electronics. The inverting amplifier can be designed on various elements. In addition, there are additional solutions that partially or completely solve the above problem.
Good performance characteristics have an inverting operational amplifier. This is a modern small-sized device assembled according to certain principles. It is widely used in amplifier stages for various purposes. In particular, he performed well in electric drive control devices. The operational amplifier used to create this device has a high gain, which allows you to realize the most daring ideas. It is also necessary to note the high input and low output impedances of the device.
The disadvantages of its use, in addition to signal drift in the region of zero, include non-linearity of the characteristics of the device when it is used in control circuits. We are talking about boundary sections that determine the range of its work in terms of voltage. If the device enters saturation, then it will take him more time to exit this state. This can become critical for circuits whose main criterion for operation is speed.
A special place is taken by the measuring amplifier. It implements the classical scheme of subtraction / summation; it can be assembled on the basis of an operational amplifier.
Despite the advent of digital devices, operational amplifiers continue to be actively used in the design of various circuits. The main criteria for this are the following: high reliability, ease of installation and repair, low cost of the device.